{

"nbformat": 4,
"nbformat_minor": 0,
"metadata": {
"colab": {
"name": "Untitled11.ipynb",
"provenance": [],
"collapsed_sections": []
},
"kernelspec": {
"name": "python3",
"display_name": "Python 3"
},
"language_info": {
"name": "python"
}
},
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "PzJrkfOFe8S7"
},
"source": [
"#Ejercicio 3: Solución de ecuaciones no lineales\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"Descripción del ejercicio:\n",
"\n",
"A: Suponga que se dispara un proyectil desde el suelo, en donde su\n",
"ecuación del movimiento en altura está dada por la ecuación \n",
"$$y=f(t)=745(1-e{^{-t-10}})-49𝑡$$\n",
"Determinar el tiempo que le toma al proyectil impactar en el suelo.\n",
"\n",
"Para cada uno de los ejercicios seleccionados realice un programa en\n",
"Python empleando Google Colab que:\n",
"\n",
"• Genere una tabla en el intervalo en donde se encuentre la\n",
"primera raíz (positiva o negativa) y grafique la función en ese\n",
"intervalo (use un tamaño de paso adecuado que le permita\n",
"observar los cambios de signo). Indique el, o los, subintervalo\n",
"en donde posiblemente se encuentra la raíz.\n",
"\n",
"• Determine, con una exactitud de $(10{^{-6}})$, o al menos 10
iteraciones, la raíz visualizada en el ejercicio anterior empleando cada uno de los
métodos"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "meelch9VjDnX"
},
"source": [
"hallar la raices de la funcion\n",
"$f(x)= \\pi x \\sqrt[2]{81+x^{2}} - 750$"
]
},
{
 "cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
},
"id": "rDu1_mUjfABY",
"outputId": "014c164b-815c-49fd-d7e8-8e02ef497f9d"
},
"source": [
"from math import sqrt, pi\n",
"x=0\n",
"Funcion = 0\n",
"print ('{:^15}{:^15}'.format('x',' F(x)'))\n",
"for i in range (20):\n",
" Funcion = pi * x * sqrt(81 + x**2) - 750\n",
" x = x + 1\n",
" print ('{:^15}{:^15.20f}'.format(x-1, Funcion))\n",
" "
],
"execution_count": 7,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
" x F(x) \n",
" 0 -750.00000000000000000000\n",
" 1 -721.55166857460130813706\n",
" 2 -692.07189372704829111171\n",
" 3 -660.58870560783509517933\n",
" 4 -626.23560273450732438505\n",
" 5 -588.27661992498792642436\n",
" 6 -546.11087881549838130013\n",
" 7 -499.26232824934504606063\n",
" 8 -447.36171947007557037068\n",
" 9 -390.12648200917237772956\n",
" 10 -327.34193529554249835201\n",
" 11 -258.84536979539120693516\n",
" 12 -184.51332235383722490951\n",
" 13 -104.25176272325336412905\n",
" 14 -17.98868714756633835350\n",
" 15 74.33140363266647909768\n",
" 16 172.75159760944393383397\n",
" 17 277.30560137112320262531\n",
" 18 388.01998642859757637780\n",
" 19 504.91586070406333419669\n"
],
"name": "stdout"
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
"height": 373
},
"id": "hcDzIYT6hWPO",
"outputId": "b924b701-5938-4909-f5cb-703402645092"
 },
"source": [
"from matplotlib import pyplot\n",
"from numpy import arange\n",
"from math import sqrt, pi\n",
"\n",
"pyplot.figure(figsize=(16,9)) #tamaño de la imagen\n",
"\n",
"#funcion para evaluar\n",
"def F(n):\n",
" return pi * n * sqrt(81 + n**2) - 750\n",
"x = arange(14,15,0.5) #valores de x donde esta la raiz\n",
"pyplot.ylim(-10,10) #limitacion de valores del eje y\n",
"\n",
"#grafico\n",
"pyplot.plot(x,[F(i) for i in x])\n",
"#ajuste de los interesados de los ejes 'x' y 'y'\n",
"pyplot.xticks(arange(10, max(x)+1, 1))\n",
"pyplot.yticks(arange(-10, 10 + 1, 1))\n",
"#ejes\n",
"pyplot.axhline(0, color=\"black\")\n",
"pyplot.axvline(0, color=\"black\")\n",
"pyplot.ylabel('y')\n",
"pyplot.xlabel('x')\n",
"pyplot.grid()#muestra la cuadricula"
],
"execution_count": 11,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "display_data",
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"text/plain": [
"<Figure size 1152x648 with 1 Axes>"
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": [],
"needs_background": "light"
}
 }
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "493Gop2khWE3"
},
"source": [
"\n",
"#Aproximacion de raices \n",
"\n",
"metodos\n",
"\n",
"biseccion\n",
"\n",
"regula falsi\n",
"\n",
"Newton_Raphson\n",
"\n",
"Secante\n",
"\n",
"**Metodo de Biseccion**\n",
"si f(Ri)f(Rd) < 0, la raiz se encuentra en el intervalo [Ri, Rd]\n",
"\n",
"si f(Ri)f(Rd) > 0, la raiz no se encuentra en el intervalo [Ri, Rd]\n",
"\n",
"Aproximacion de la raiz\n",
"\n",
"$R{_{n}}=\\frac{R_{i}+R_{d}}{2}$\n",
"\n",
"Error relativo\n",
"\n",
"$ \\left |\\frac{R_{n}-R_{n-1}}{R_{n}}\\right |* 100\n",
"$\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
},
"id": "vlQ4vNGghV5a",
"outputId": "4486aabd-4e57-43b5-ea95-cc5bc52fb03d"
},
"source": [
"Ri = 14\n",
"Rr = 29/2\n",
"Rs = 15\n",
"i = 0\n",
"Er = 0\n",
"Rra = 0\n",
"\n",
"def F(n):\n",
" return pi * n * sqrt(81 + n**2) - 750\n",
"# funcion para calcular el error relativo\n",
"def error (Rra, Rrn):\n",
" Erel = abs((Rrn - Rra) / Rrn) * 100\n",
 " return Erel\n",
"print ('{:^15}{:^15}{:^15}{:^15}{:^15}{:^15}'.format('#
iter','Ri','Rs','Rr','F(Rr)','Erel(%)'))\n",
"while (i < 21):\n",
" Er = error(Rra,Rr)\n",
" Rra = Rr # Rra es el anterior para determinar el error relativo\n",
" \n",
" if F(Ri) * F(Rr) < 0:\n",
" Rs = Rr \n",
" elif F(Ri) * F(Rr) > 0:\n",
" Ri = Rr\n",
" elif F(Rr) == 0:\n",
" print('la raiz es', Rr)\n",
" Rr = (Ri + Rs) / 2\n",
" i = i + 1\n",
" #condicional para el primer error reletivo\n",
" if i == 1:\n",
" print('{:^15}{:^15.6f}{:^15.6f}{:^15.6f}{:^15.6f}'.format(i-
1,Ri,Rs,Rr,F(Rr))) \n",
" elif i > 1:\n",
" print('{:^15}{:^15.6f}{:^15.6f}{:^15.6f}{:^15.6f}{:^15.10f}'.format(i-
1,Ri,Rs,Rr,F(Rr),Er)) \n",
" \n",
"\n"
],
"execution_count": 22,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
" # iter Ri Rs Rr F(Rr)
Erel(%) \n",
" 0 14.000000 14.500000 14.250000
4.521622 \n",
" 1 14.000000 14.250000 14.125000 -
6.780908 1.7543859649 \n",
" 2 14.125000 14.250000 14.187500 -
1.141492 0.8849557522 \n",
" 3 14.187500 14.250000 14.218750
1.687102 0.4405286344 \n",
" 4 14.187500 14.218750 14.203125
0.272064 0.2197802198 \n",
" 5 14.187500 14.203125 14.195312 -
0.434899 0.1100110011 \n",
" 6 14.195312 14.203125 14.199219 -
0.081464 0.0550357733 \n",
" 7 14.199219 14.203125 14.201172
0.095288 0.0275103164 \n",
" 8 14.199219 14.201172 14.200195
0.006909 0.0137532664 \n",
" 9 14.199219 14.200195 14.199707 -
0.037278 0.0068771061 \n",
" 10 14.199707 14.200195 14.199951 -
0.015185 0.0034386713 \n",
" 11 14.199951 14.200195 14.200073 -
0.004138 0.0017193061 \n",
" 12 14.200073 14.200195 14.200134
0.001386 0.0008596457 \n",
" 13 14.200073 14.200134 14.200104 -
0.001376 0.0004298210 \n",
" 14 14.200104 14.200134 14.200119
0.000005 0.0002149110 \n",
" 15 14.200104 14.200119 14.200111 -
0.000686 0.0001074554 \n",
" 16 14.200111 14.200119 14.200115 -
0.000340 0.0000537277 \n",
" 17 14.200115 14.200119 14.200117 -
0.000168 0.0000268638 \n",
" 18 14.200117 14.200119 14.200118 -
0.000081 0.0000134319 \n",
" 19 14.200118 14.200119 14.200119 -
0.000038 0.0000067160 \n",
" 20 14.200119 14.200119 14.200119 -
0.000017 0.0000033580 \n"
],
"name": "stdout"
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "GN-dvZjwhVuQ"
},
"source": [
"#Regula falsi"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
},
"id": "rK898aQPhVhm",
"outputId": "f9c3609a-766f-4042-9342-fda44321225f"
},
"source": [
"Ri = 15\n",
"Rr = 15\n",
"i = 0\n",
"Er = 0\n",
"def F(n):\n",
" return pi * n * sqrt(81 * n**2) - 750\n",
"#funcion para calcular el error relativo\n",
"def error (Rra, Rrn):\n",
" Erel= abs((Rrn - Rra) / Rrn) * 100\n",
" return Erel\n",
"print ('{:^15}{:^15}{:^15}{:^15}{:^15}{:^25}'.format('#
iter','Ri','Rs','Rr','F(Ri)','Erel(%)'))\n",
"while (i < 11):\n",
" Er = error(Rra,Rr)\n",
" Rra = Rr # Rra es el anterior para determinar el error relativo\n",
" \n",
" if F(Ri) * F(Rr) < 0:\n",
" Rs = Rr \n",
" elif F(Ri) * F(Rr) > 0:\n",
" Ri = Rr\n",
 " elif F(Rr) == 0:\n",
" print('la radio es', Rr)\n",
" Rr = (F(Rs)*Ri - F(Ri)* Rs) / (F(Rs) - F(Ri)) \n",
" i = i + 1\n",
" #Condicional para no imprimir el error relativo\n",
" if i == 1:\n",
" print ('{:^15}{:^15.10f}{:^15.10f}{:^15.10f}{:^15.10f}'.format(i-
1,Ri,Rs,Rr,F(Rr)))\n",
" elif i > 1:\n",
" print ('{:^15}{:^15.10f}{:^15.10f}{:^15.10f}{:^15.10f}
{:^25.10f}'.format(i-1,Ri,Rs,Rr,F(Rr),Er))\n",
"\n",
"\n",
" \n",
"\n"
],
"execution_count": 26,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
" # iter Ri Rs Rr F(Ri)
Erel(%) \n",
" 0 15.0000000000 14.2001190186 8.2029668775
1152.5421974612\n",
" 1 8.2029668775 14.2001190186 6.3834478195
402.1340382466 82.8606676595 \n",
" 2 6.3834478195 14.2001190186 5.6924800039
166.2108059219 28.5037037876 \n",
" 3 5.6924800039 14.2001190186 5.3969678519
73.5539307062 12.1382563516 \n",
" 4 5.3969678519 14.2001190186 5.2642216859
33.5391876122 5.4755218137 \n",
" 5 5.2642216859 14.2001190186 5.2032791589
15.5025389532 2.5216674727 \n",
" 6 5.2032791589 14.2001190186 5.1750217294
7.2106917048 1.1712330860 \n",
" 7 5.1750217294 14.2001190186 5.1618591901
3.3636971219 0.5460349929 \n",
" 8 5.1618591901 14.2001190186 5.1557148567
1.5712566103 0.2549960929 \n",
" 9 5.1557148567 14.2001190186 5.1528437928
0.7344344395 0.1191751986 \n",
" 10 5.1528437928 14.2001190186 5.1515016053
0.3433901219 0.0557180453 \n"
],
"name": "stdout"
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "DK-3DdzNGD2f"
},
"source": [
""
]
},
 {
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "mWQpn5zUhU9q"
},
"source": [
""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "HAR2-_wKhYJw"
},
"source": [
"#Bibliografia:\n",
"Canale, R. P. y P. Canale, R. (2007). Métodos numéricos para\n",
"ingenieros (5a. ed.). México D.F, México: McGraw-Hill\n",
"Interamericana. (pp. 113 – 116, 120 – 159).\n"
]
}
]
}