Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Overview of
ASEAN Heritage
Parks and Reserves
I
n 1984, 11 parks and reserves during their first regional meeting in 1978.
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were named as ASEAN Heritage Parks They also recommended these be given
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and Reserves when six ASEAN member the highest regional recognition so that
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countries: Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, ○
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their importance as conservation areas
Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and would be appreciated internationally.
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Thailand signed the ASEAN Declaration of Three years later, ASEAN conservationists
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Heritage Parks and Reserves on the 29th endorsed the Experts recommendation
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of November. The Declaration was made during their first workshop in September
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diversity and outstanding values of certain Environment Programme (UNEP) and the
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Member Countries that deserve the highest regional conservation action plan, focusing
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It further provides that the identified IUCN prepared the Action Plan on Nature
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heritage parks and reserves shall be Conservation for the region and included
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cesses and life support systems, preserve areas as ASEAN Heritage Parks and
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tion of species and ecosystems; and ASEAN Experts Group on the Environment,
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maintain wilderness that are of scenic, a group of experts met to consider the
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cultural, educational, research, recreational action plan; this group then came to be
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park or reserve has been added to the list. During their second meeting in 1983,
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on Protected Areas (WCPA), International That same year, Brunei acceded to ASEAN
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Union for the Conservation of Nature and and an 11th Heritage Park was proposed.
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Natural Resources (IUCN) traced the Finally, the Second ASEAN Ministerial
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Reserves during the Workshop on the 1984, issued the important Declaration on
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Criteria in the Selection of and Guidelines Heritage Parks and Reserves that created
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for the Establishment of ASEAN Heritage the first group of 11 Heritage Sites:
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ASEAN BIODIVERSITY 49
Profiles
6) Mulu National Park During the workshop, Dr. John
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7) Taman Negara National Park MacKinnon, EU Co-Director of ARCBC
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Philippines clarified the relationship of ASEAN Heri-
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8) Mt. Apo National Park tage Parks with that of the World Heritage
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9) Mts. Iglit-Baco National Park Sites. He stressed: World Heritage Sites
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Thailand are selected as globally outstanding sites
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10) Khao Yai National Park that are special and unusual while ASEAN
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11) Kor Tarutao National Park Heritage Sites are selected as regionally
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Six of these Heritage Parks are in the representative sites, which although typical
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1982 United Nations List of National are generally the best example of their
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Parks and Equivalent Reserves: Kinabalu, type. He said that some sites may merit
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Mulu and Taman Negara in Malaysia, recognition under both headings but most
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Mt. Apo in the Philippines, and Khao Yai will not, adding that ASEAN Heritage Sites
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and Tarutao in Thailand. IUCN also should by no means be seen as junior or
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included Indonesias Leuser and Kerinci- secondary to World Heritage Sites and
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Seblat in its list of Nature-Reserves. there should be no conflict or confusion
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The ASEAN Declaration also called for about these two different categories of
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the development of management plans international recognition.
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for each heritage site, tasking the ASEAN Dr. MacKinnon also recommended the
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Heritage Experts Group on the Environ- ○
acceptance of the principles of AHPR and
ment to help draft model guidelines. The agreement to participate within the pro-
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UNEP Regional Office for Asia and Pacific gram to establish, develop and protect
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provided technical and financial assistance such sites should be enshrined in a Con-
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for the manual called Planning for vention on ASEAN Heritage Parks and
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ASEAN Heritage Parks and Reserves, Reserves and ratified by each member
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tion in 1984, the ASEAN Heads of State natural heritage, now enshrined in the
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and Governments adopted the Hanoi Plan national parks/ protected areas system of
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states under Article VI (Protect the Environ- He noted however, that after nomina-
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ment and Promote Sustainable Develop- tion from each country, nothing much has
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ment) the promotion of regional coordina- been done about it. He pointed out to
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tion for the protection of the ASEAN the workshop participants of the need to
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Heritage Parks and Reserves, among other revisit and review what happened after
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Thus the ASEAN Senior Officials on the and reserves and later develop further
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ASEAN Regional Centre for Biodiversity ing the criteria for the selection of other
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Conservation (ARCBC) through its ASEAN sites and formulation of guidelines for the
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shop to review the criteria and guidelines The workshop proposed that ASEAN
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for the selection, establishment and man- Heritage Parks be defined as: Protected
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establishment were to generate greater Cultural site. Cultural practices
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awareness, pride, appreciation, enjoyment symbolize the concept of man living
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and conservation of ASEANs rich natural in harmony with nature.
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heritage, through a regional network of Prehistoric site. Protect essential
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representative protected areas, and to chapters of the evolution and prehis-
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generate greater collaboration between tory of Mankind in ASEAN.
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ASEAN countries in preserving their shared Peace Park. Straddle international
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natural heritage. frontier or in disputed territories,
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Among the criteria (with their corre- where mutually agreed upon man-
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sponding definitions) that a site should agement for conservation can serve
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have to be included under the AHPR as both to protect valuable biodiversity
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proposed by MacKinnon and adopted by ○
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but also diffuse political tensions and
the workshop participants, are: promote cooperation between
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representing or typical of the par- Secretariat, and Focal Point for each
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Naturalness. Must be, for the most ARCBC will act as Secretariat.
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coral reef formation, with the natural substantial funding support for the man-
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processes still going on. agement of the ASEAN Heritage Parks and
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Has global significance for the Copies of the draft Action Plan have
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References
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law or legally accepted instrument Criteria for the Selection and establishment of
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of the ASEAN Member Countries; ASEAN Heritage Parks and Reserves. Paper
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areas with well-defined boundaries. and Management of ASEAN Heritage Parks, held
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Must have a management plan duly Sumardja, Effendy A. 2000. ASEAN Heritage
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The major categories proposed are: Criteria in the Selection of and Guidelines for the
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Natural Park. Major potential for Establishment and Management of ASEAN Heritage
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tourism
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Natural reserve. High conservation Nature Conservation and the ASEAN Heritage
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ASEAN BIODIVERSITY 51