Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
PROJECT REPORT
ON
“EFFECTIVENESS OF EMPLOYEE WELFARE”
[2009-2011]
SUBMITTED BY:
Anuradha Pachauri
Roll No. 2094006
PGDM (IB) III SEM
IITTM (BHUBNESHWER)
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
IITTM of Roll no
under
4
I Anuradha Pachauri student of Indian Institute of Tourism & Travel Management hereby
Organization External Guide’s full Signature
declare that project entitled
Seal“Employee welfare” in Cadbury India Ltd.; MALANPUR is
Designation
based on my finding and is originally in nature.
ANURADHA PACHAURI
5
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I also feel gratified to all the employees of CADBURY INDIA LTD MALANPUR, to
anyhow contribute for the successful completion of my project.
Anuradha Pachauri
Management’s basic job is the effective utilization of human resources for achievements of organizational
objectives. The personnel management is concerned with organizing human resources in such a way to
get maximum output to the enterprise and to develop the talent of people at work to the fullest
satisfaction. Motivation implies that one person, in organization context a manager, includes another, say
an employee, to engage in action by ensuring that a channel to satisfy those needs and aspirations
becomes available to the person. In addition to this, the strong needs in a direction that is satisfying to the
latent needs in employees and harness them in a manner that would be functional for the organization.
Employee motivation is one of the major issues faced by every organization. It is the major task of every
manager to motivate his subordinates or to create the ‘will to work’ among the subordinates. It should also
be remembered that a worker may be immensely capable of doing some work; nothing can be achieved if
he is not willing to work. A manager has to make appropriate use of motivation to enthuse the employees
to follow them. Hence this studies also focusing on the employee motivation among the employees of
Cadbury India Limited.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
CHAPTER - I
“THE COMPANY”
8
INTRODUTION
Chocolate is not only one of the principle ingredients used by the confectioner but its
widely enjoyed flavor properties make it a favorite of bakers, ice-cream and other
manufactures. In its many form, chocolate may be consumed as a beverage, syrup, a
flavoring, coating or a confection in itself.
What is a chocolate?
Cocoa beans are carefully and roasted to get the distinct cocoa flavor. An optimum
blends milk sugar and cocoa, chocolate to its favorite chocolate taste.
To eliminate the harsh noted of raw cocoa flavor, liquid chocolates conceived for hours
till a refined round flavor is obtained. Cadbury has a unique milk/crumb making process
in which milk, sugar and cocoa liquor are cooked together for about 7 hours to develop
the unique CDM which one could not find in the continental chocolates. Also we have
trained taste panels at every & comply with the Cadbury quality standard.
The second unique features about chocolates are its “fat-blend”. Common fats have a
range of melting temp. Rather than well defined melting point.
Cocoa butter derived from cocoa beans a carefully tempered cocoa butter is absolute
solid at ambient temp. But melts quickly at body temp; this imparts a rich mouth feel to
the chocolate & assist in immediate release of flavor notes as soon as we put a block of
chocolate on your tongue.
Last but the most important feature of the chocolate is the “smoothness & uniform melted
has on our tongue”.
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HISTORY
At the same time, the natural fat, cocoa-butter, was released, making it possible to
produce a fluid chocolate that could be moulded & also used to cover other confectionary
products, during the 1840, fry & later Cadbury, made chocolate bars.
10
Another major development was the invention of milk chocolate by Daniel peters of
Switzerland in 1876. The ground cocoa nib was processed with sugar & milk solids & the
result was developed in the early days, the processing of milk for chocolate needed a
method that would ensure the development of flavor & good shelf life.
For it Cadbury developed the CRUMB process. In the U.S. Hershey &
chocolate are synonymous.
INTRODUCTION TO CONFECTION
Confection (i.e. candy) can be divided into two broad categories: those in which sugar is
the principle ingredient & which are based on chocolate. Differences in sugar-based the
candies depend largely on manipulation the sugar to achieve special textural effects. This
is accomplishing primarily by controlling the proceeding state of the sugar & sugar
moisture ratio. Examples of sugar type confections include nougats, fondants, caramels,
toffees & jellies. Examples of chocolate-based confection chocolate-covered confection,
including milk products, egg white, food acids, gums, starches, ats, emulsifiers, flavors,
nuts, fruits, & others are used in candy-making.
Chocolate is not only one of the principle ingredients used by the confectioners. But its
widely enjoyed flavor properties make it a favorite material of bakers, ice-cream
producers and other food manufacturers. In its many forms, chocolate may be consumed
as a beverage, syrup, a flavoring, a coating, or a confection in itself. It , therefore
warrants brief consideration before proceeding with some of the processing practices of
the confectionery manufacturer.
11
In India Cadbury was set up as a trading in 1947 and gradually began in a small way by
processing of imported chocolates and bourn-vita at colaba Mumbai. In 1948 the
company was incorporated as Cadbury fry (India) private limited. In 1956, the operations
were shifting from colaba to Cadbury house. The first India manufactured chocolates &
bourn vita moved out of Cadbury house in 1956, with further growth entire operations
ware moved to our new locations at Thane. They now have manufacturing facilities at
other location such as Induri, Malanpur, and some other third party units.
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CADBURY IN INDIA
Cadbury was set-up as a trading concern in India in 1947 and gradually began in a small
way by processing of imported chocolates and bourn vita at Colaba Mumbai. In 1948 the
company was incorporated as Cadbury fry (India) private limited.
In 1956, the operations were shifting from colaba to Cadbury house. The first India
manufactured chocolates & bourn vita moved out of Cadbury house in 1956, with further
growth entire operations ware moved to our new locations at Thane.
Today Cadbury ltd is a 51% subsidiary of Cadbury Schweppes and employs around the
2050 people throughout the country. We now have owned manufacturing facilities in
Thane (Mamba), Induri (Pune), and Malanpur (Gwalior).
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CADBURY CULTURE
OBJECTIVE
MAJOR COMPETITORS
These are the major competitors of Cadbury India ltd. In the field of chocolate:-
Nestle
Amul
Britania
Campco
MAJOR CUSTOMER
Almost every human being whether children, teenager, adult or an old person like
chocolates and come into the list of customers.
Gems are most favoring among children because of its attractive colors.
Perk is popular among young ones, whereas Dairy Milk is preferred by all age groups.
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Cadbury is an international company and is proud of their long heritage respectful of the
social and natural environment in which they operate, supportive of their consumers,
customers and colleagues and passionate about success. They will make market and sell
unique brands which give or bring pleasure to millions of customers around the world
every day.
They have done this successfully for over the years. This success has been built upon
understanding the needs of their consumers, customers and other stake holders and by
operating to a clearly defined set of values.
Their statement of purpose & values provides a clear framework for their strategic intent
and how they will conduct our business. Their objective is to consistently deliver superior
shareowners returns.
Cadbury Schweppes submitted to the standard of corporate governance and corporate &
social responsibility throughout the globe.
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Intermediate
Panned chocolate
Gems
5-star
Perk
Ultra perk
Éclairs
18
MALANPUR VALUES
There are elements in which Malanpur has to be the best. This does not mean that it
ignores the other areas, which are central operating values, in which Malanpur has to
excel. They are:-
Quality
Hygiene
Productivity
Material efficiency
System
These values are stressed at other factories located at Thane, Induri & Bangalore also.
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For regular implementation of the values Cadbury Schweppes has laid down the policies
and guidelines, which are diligently observed by the company. These are:-
1. HACCP
2. PREREQUISITES
3. RISK MANAGEMENT
4. QUALITY POLICY
5. SAFETY POLICY
6. ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
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HACCP GRAPH
TOTAL QUALITY
MANAGEMENT
HACCP
21
FOOD QUALITY
INTRODUCTION
ASSURANCE
The main features of HACCP are as following:
FOOD HYGIENE
Hazard analysis and critical control point system.
Powerful safety management technique adopted worldwide.
Structured, preventive system.
Safety through Hazard identification and control.
MANUFACTURERS
BENEFITS:-
CONSUMERS
Definition of Hazard
HACCP Principles
STEPS OF HACCP
Sazztep 1:-
Step 2:-
Identified all the food safety Hazards that may occur at that step.
Categorize each Hazard into microbial, chemical & physical.
Step 3:-
IMPLEMENTATION
PREREQUISITES
Pre- requisites are the support system or programmed that must be in place
before implementation of HACCP & effective QMS like metal control,
personal hygiene etc.
Pre- requisites control the general & repetitive Hazards occurs during process.
The specific Hazards and quality risk are taken care through HACCP plan.
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PRE-REQUISTE PROGRAMMES
Clothing:-
All staff should wear well CLEANED protective, covering, captive footwear.
No external pockets, buttons and use metal poppers or Velcro if required.
Cover head or facial hair by nets or full caps and snood.
Protective clothing strictly to contractors and visitors as well.
Jewelry:-
No jewelry like stone ring, chain and ear ring is allowed except for a plain ring.
No Kalawa, Rakhi, Wrist Band, & watches is allowed.
Apply policy strictly to contractors and visitors as well.
Medical requirement:-
Medical check-up and screening programs of the entire food handler as per
national legislation are as following-
Personal Hygiene:-
We should have-
Pest management:-
QUALITY POLICY
BUSINESS VISSION:-
QUALITY VISSION:-
CO-MARKETS:-
We will collaborate in the spirit of partnership, with our values, franchisees and
trade in all aspects relating to quality, R&D, technical and managerial inputs. This will be
done to improve quality and value to the products we deliver to our customers.
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Cadbury India Limited is committed to ensuring the health and safety of all persons
involved in its operations. These include our employees, contractors and their employees
and visitors to our sites.
Cadbury India Limited will strive to improve health and safety throughout its operations
by encouraging the active participation of all our employees, contractor and visitors in the
identification, assessment, and elimination or management of Hazards and risk, through
use of appropriate technologies, systems and best business practices.
All employees, contractors and visitors have legal duty and responsibility in ensuring that
this health and safety policy is adhered to and all safety arrangement are complied with.
Cadbury India’s health and safety policy is further expressed in the following key
commitments-
ENVIRONMENT POLICY
It is also an integral part of achieving our objective to grow shareowner value over the
long term. When the long term is taken into account what’s good for the environment is
also good for consumers and good for business.
They will-
CHAPTER II
“THE PROJECT”
32
PURPOSE
EMPLOYEE WELFARE
Welfare includes anything that is done for the comfort and improvement of employees
and is provide over and above the wages. Welfare helps in keeping the morale and
motivation of the employees high so as to retain the employees for longer duration. The
welfare measures need not be in monetary terms only but in any kind/forms. Employee
welfare includes monitoring of working condition, creation of industrial harmony through
infrastructure for health, industrial relation and insurance against disease, accident and
unemployment for the workers and their families.
Labor welfare entails all those activities of employer which are directed towards
providing the employees with certain facilities and services in addition to wages or
salaries.
Objective:-
Features:-
According to the factories act in every factory wherein 500 or more workers are ordinary
employed the occupiers shall employee in the factory such number of welfare officer as
may be prescribed. The state government may prescribe the duties, qualifications and
condition of service of such officer.
Qualifications:-
A university degree.
Degree or Diploma in social service or social welfare from a recognized
institution.
Adequate knowledge of the language spoken by the majority of the workers in
the area where the factory is situated.
Duties:-
Supervisor
Counselor
Advising Manager
Establishing Liaison with management
Working with management and outside public.
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As learning is a human activity and is as natural, as breathing. Despite of the fact that
learning is all pervasive in our lives, psychologists do not agree on how learning takes
place. How individuals learn is a matter of interest to marketers. They want to teach
consumers in their roles as their roles as consumers. They want consumers to learn about
their products, product attributes, potential consumers benefit, how to use, maintain or
even dispose of the product and new ways of behaving that will satisfy not only the
consumer’s needs, but the marketer’s objectives.
The scope of my study restricts itself to the analysis of consumer preferences, perception
and consumption of Cadbury Chocolates. There are many other brands of chocolates
available but my study is limited to a major player of chocolates leaving behind the
others. The scope of my study is also restricts itself to Gwalior region only.
WELFARE ACTIVITIES
Head of the factory provide some extra facilities to their employees by which they can
improve their skills and the results of these things come in from of risk in productivity.
With the help of this company increase their profits. Government also provides some
rules and guidelines for the welfare of employees.
Section 42 provides that factory should provide washing facility to each and every
worker including women employees. There should be separate washing facilities to
women.
Adequate and suitable washing facilities for the employees should be provided.
There should be different washing rooms for male and female.
These facilities should be easy to carry and kept clean.
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In each factory there employee have standing work there also should be provided
suitable and sufficient sitting arrangement which employee can take rest at the time of
free during their course of work and feel fresh.
The state government also gave the notification to all the factories about their sitting
facilities.
There extra place should be provided for the drying and storing of clothes.
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In every factory there should be provision for first aid appliance during the
working hours. It should not be less than one for every 150 workers employed
in a factory.
This section provides that nothing except the prescribed contents shall be kept
in the first aid box.
Each first aid box should be kept under the charge of serrate person having
certificate in the first aid treatment that shell always be available during the
working hours.
CANTEEN:-
In each factory where 250 or more than 250 workers are employed there one
canteen must be provided for the refreshment of workers. Section 46 authorized the state
government to make rules in such respect:-
The date by which the canteen shall be provided.
The standards in respect of construction, accommodation, furniture and other
equipments.
The food staff to be served in there in and the change which may be made their
off.
The constitution of managing committee for the canteen representation of the
workers in the management of the company.
The items of the expenditure in the running the canteen should borne by the
employer.
The delegation of the power to make rules to the chief inspector.
CRECHES:-
In each factory where women employees are worked there crèches should be
provided for their children. Section 48 tells about this rule and state government also
made some guidelines about it.
WELFAE OFFICER:-
In every factory where more than 500 workers are worked together there should be
appointed a welfare officer. The state governments tell about the qualification, duties,
responsibilities and condition of a welfare officer.
The provision of this section applied to those sugar factories where more than 500
employees are employed.
MEDICAL FECILITIES:-
Doctors are appointed for the proper medical checkup once in a year.
All the employees are subject to go through a medical checkup at the time of
joining the factory as well as yearly.
The company provides first aid room with an attendant for 24 hours. In
addition employees are well trained on first aid.
There is a medical assistant is also available which is a retired medical officer
of the army.
CANTEEN FACILITY:-
There is a well furnished and fully equipped canteen is available for the
officers, employees and for trainees also. Some other things are as following-
Free canteen is a statuary requirement under the factory act 1948. But in
Cadbury it is 100% subsidized. Company provides breakfast, lunch, dinner and
tea, coffee and cold drink (acc to season) for their employees as well as for
visitors also.
Food and other eatables are made under the strict hygiene condition. A canteen
managing committee consisting the representatives of both officer as well as
union leader is also construct.
A separate room and attendant is provided by the company to serve the tea,
coffee and other things to who required. These facilities are also provided to
the visitors and trainee also.
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ALLOWANCES:-
CONVEYANCE there is bus and cabs are provided to the employees for their
comfort. These facilities made under the consideration of employee welfare.
ALLOWANCES are fixed for the operators and other according to their grade.
EDUCATION ALLOWANCE as per grace of the employees. Different
cultural activities are also conducted in the Cadbury for the children of
employee.
MEDICAL ALLOWANCES are 5% of gross for those who don’t comes under
the ESI scheme.
TRANSPORT FACILITY:-
Company provides buses and cab facility for communicating between Gwalior and
factory. Two buses are available for the different routes in all there shifts.
AMENITY BLOCK:-
Before entering in the production area every employees has to take bath and
get well dressed which are provided by the company.
Employees are expected to maintained good personal hygiene as per company policy.
CIL also provides toilets, bathrooms (separate for men & women). There are always
clean, ventilated and has well lighting system.
UNIFORM:-
CIL provided the uniform for every worker. Uniform includes two set of pant
and shirts per year two every worker.
One pair of shoes.
One sweater in winter.
DRINKING WATER:-
CELEBRATIONS
There are several day which are celebrated in Cadbury. The main days are as following-
CADBURY DAY:-
All the employees celebrate this day with their colleagues & their families. The
main attraction of this day is painting competition which is held between the children
of employees. The prize is distributed later on the family day.
FAMILY DAY:-
It is of the major events of the factory. This celebration is a get together of all the
employees with their families. It is celebrated on 17 th sep. every year. This event is
marked with giving of the prizes of various competitions in cultural programs. Finally,
the celebration ends with a grand family dinner.
SAFETY DAY:-
OTHER FACILITES:-
Some other facilities provided by Cadbury India Ltd .To the employees such
as:
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Objective:-
Research Design:-
CHAPTER III
“COLLECTION & ANALYSIS
OF DATA”
42
DATA COLLECTION
Research is based upon various types of information. It is not possible without different
kinds of information. In order to carry out research successfully; information should be
gathered from the proper sources. The more valid is the source of information, the more
reliable are conclusions. Different types of information.
KINDS OF DATA
TYPES OF DATA
DATA COLLECTION
1. Primary data:-
Direct observation
Questionnaire
2. Secondary data:-
Cadbury Manuals.
44
WHAT IS QUESTIONNAIRE?
“Fundamentally, the questionnaire is asset of stimuli to which literate people are exposed
in order to observe their verbal behavior under these stimuli”
-G.A. Lundberg
In the questionnaire, as the name indicates, there is a set of selected questions whose
answers, the researcher seeks from respondents in order to gain knowledge about certain
specified matter. Since, the questionnaire has to be answered after reading it; it is obvious
that a questionnaire can be addressed only to literate people. A second feature of the
questionnaire which has been emphasized by W.J. Goode and P.K. Hatt is the fact that
responses to a questionnaire have to be made by respondents themselves.
“In general the word questionnaire refers to a device for securing answers to questions by
using a form which the respondents fill in him”
Since the questionnaire can be given to a restricted number of individuals, its scope is
rather limited; but within its limited scope it can prove to be the most effective means of
eliciting information, provided, however, that it is well formulated and the respondents
fill in their genuine responses.
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CRITERION OF APPRORIATENESS
Regarding the qualities and features which make questionnaire an effective instrument of
research and help to elicit maximum information, W.J. Goode and P.K. Hatt have
enumerated the following factors:
1. The type of information required: - In the field of social research, the usefulness
and effectiveness of the questionnaire is determined by the kind of information
sought. Not every type of information can be elicited through it. A questionnaire
which will consume more than 10 to 20 minutes is unlikely to be responded well.
Therefore, an appropriate questionnaire should contain only that number of questions
which can be easily filled in 10 to 20 minutes. Moreover, the question should be
exact and capable of clear-cut replies. Some research workers have found that if the
responses are better if the names of the information remain anonymous. By allowing
the respondents to remain anonymous, the information can be had. If the
questionnaire of this type is prepared with caution, the respondents disclose their
identity.
2. The type of the information reached: - a good deal depends upon the types of
respondents covered by the questionnaire. The experience tells us that all types of
individual cannot be good respondents. There are many who would rather consign
the questionnaire to w.p.b. than waste their over it. Only literate and socially
conscious individuals would give any consideration to questionnaire. Everybody
does not realize the importance and usefulness of social research. Only those who
appreciate the value of social research are likely to be good respondents.
Most of all, the respondents must be of the type who is competent to answer
the kind of questions contained in a particular questionnaire.
Besides literary persons, the persons belonging to upper strata of
society are unlikely to be goods respondents. They are either too preoccupied or are
sophisticated to feel any interest in the filling up of a questionnaire. However, certain
types of questionnaire about bio-data for inclusion in whom, everyone receiving such
a questionnaire will promptly fill it up.
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4. The precision of the hypothesis: - Whether the questionnaire is appropriate for the
research which he wishes to verify. The researcher must frame his questions in such
a manner that they elicit responses needed to verify the hypothesis. As a precaution,
the realism of the hypothesis should be tested by interview.
FORMULATION OF QUESTIONNAIRE
From the above discussion it is clear that the success depends largely on the skill and
insight with which the lists of questions are formulated. These questions must be
unequivocal and easily intelligible. The following considerations should be kept in mind
while formulating a questionnaire:
1. Appeal: - Attached with every questionnaire is an appeal in which the aim and
purpose of the questionnaire is an appeal in which the aim and purpose of
questionnaire is set forth and sincere cooperation of the respondents is sought.
The appeal should be short, clear and direct, establishing the genuineness of
the research and its utility for all concerned. The long and wordy appeals tax
the patience of the respondents. Through the appeal must be short, it must
cover the following points without fail:
II) The appeal should set forth in clear terms the aim and purpose of the
proposed study and also the benefits likely to accrue from it. Usually the
heading or title of research is self explanatory. As, for example. “The
breakdown of joint family in urban areas” but if some further
explanation is necessary it must be given.
III) The appeal should make clear, why is it important for the respondents to
fill it up. The respondents should be motivated and make to realize the
validity and utility of the research project.
Sometimes some monetary incentives are also given. But as a
rule this is not enough to produce a real interest. The working of appeal
should be such that an interest is created among the respondents. It may
be helpful if the respondent is told that his contribution is likely to make
difference in the world knowledge and he can feel proud to be a factor
in the promotion of knowledge. Depending upon the nature of research
and the availability of funds, many ways can be found to motivate the
respondents.
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LIKERT SCALE
In business research, the Likert scale developed by Rensis Likert, is extremely popular
for measuring attitude, because, the method is simple to administer. With the Likert scale,
the respondents indicate their own attitudes by checking how strongly they agree or
disagree with carefully worded statements that range from very positive to very negative
towards the attitudinal abject. Respondents generally choose from five alternatives (say
strongly agree, agree, neither agree nor disagree, disagree, strongly disagree).
It is more fun to
play a tough 5 4 3 2 1
competitive
cricket match
than to play an
easy one.
CHAPTER IV
“FINDINGS &
RECOMMENDATION”
61
FINDINGS
After doing the survey in the various department of Cadbury India Ltd. Result showed
that some of the department heads and the Top management are satisfied are the Welfare
policies. The result was calculated by using Questionnaire.
Conclusion is based on the attributes that are condition, working hours, Welfare scheme
etc. By seeing and search all the above salient features , the conclusion is that some
department heads and top management is satisfied with the welfare policies process
which uses in Cadbury India Ltd.
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CONCLUSION
To conclude we can say that the culture & climate of Cadbury India Ltd. is very healthy
for the employees. As this report suggests that there are several types of benefits and
facilities are provided to the employees for maintaining their high moral .It also creates
feeling of job satisfaction within the employees.
The main cultures which are found in Cadbury are as: Openness, Initiative, Commitment
Integrity, Them Spirit, and Discipline & Equality.
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SUGGESTION
Some of the changes and suggestion are required in the company; there should be a
welfare officer who can look after all the welfare activities. There should be provision for
rest room .If CIL management put a bit more attention to its employees immure the
company will continue as the leader in the confectionary market and the employees will
work will more zeal and enthusiasm that will surely help the company in achieving its
target .
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RECOMMENDATIONS
For promotional offers, company should go for free gifts rather than going for
other ways.
Company should concentrate on its packing as people are least satisfied with it
while concentrate on the shape of a chocolate.
People are unsatisfied with the price and quantity of chocolate so companies
should concentrate in this regard also.
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LIMITATION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS:-
WEBSITE :-
www.cadbury.com
www.cadburyindia.com
www.google.com
www.wikipedia.com
www.hr - survey.com
OTHERS :-
This is with reference to the questionnaire with the request letter. I would be highly
grateful for your responses. This questionnaire is a part of research project for an
academic activity of Master of Business Administration.
Thank you,
Personal information
Name: -------------------------------
Age: -------------------------------
Department: -------------------------------
Designation: -------------------------------
Signature: ----------------------------
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ANNEXURE:-
Questionnaire
Instruction: