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Version 2.7
Users Guide
What is PHStat2?
PHStat2 is software that makes operating Microsoft Excel as distraction-free as possible.
As a student studying statistics, you can focus solely on mastering statistics now and not
worry about having to become an expert user of Excel at the same time. When combined
with the Data Analysis ToolPak add-in included with Microsoft Excel, just about all
statistical methods taught in an introductory statistics course can be illustrated in
Microsoft Excel.
data sets with unusual numerical properties or with extreme values could produce
significant anomalies when used with PHStat2 and Microsoft Excel.
PHStat2 Commands
When properly installed, PHStat2 displays the PHStat
menu that is shown at right either as part of the Microsoft
Excel menu bar (Excel 97-2003) or as part of the Add-Ins
tab (Excel 2007). Use the Help for PHStat choice at the
bottom of the menu to display the PHStat2 help system
inside Microsoft Excel. Use the About PHStat choice to
determine the actual version of your software (this will be
useful when using the PHStat2 web site or seeking
technical assistance.)
All other menu choices lead to a submenu that
contains commands associated with the choice. The rest
of this section of the user’s guide presents those
(submenu) commands in order of appearance in the
menu.
Stack Data
Takes group data that has been arranged in columns and stacks it into two new columns,
the first one of which contains the group labels, on a new worksheet. The Unstacked
Data Cell Range must be a consecutive multiple-column cell range arranged one column
per group.
Use: Select PHStat Data Preparation Stack Data.
PHStat2 User’s Guide. Page 7
UnStack Data
Takes grouped data that has been placed in two columns, one of which contains group
labels, and unstacks it into a series of columns, one for each group, on a new worksheet.
The Grouping Variable Cell Range must be single column cell range containing the
group labels and the Stacked Data Cell Range must be a single-column cell range
containing the data.
Use: Select PHStat Data Preparation Unstack Data.
Box-and-Whisker Plot
Generates box-and-whisker plots on a new chart sheet from one or more groups of
numerical data. Optionally generates a five-number summary on a separate worksheet.
This command invisibly uses the Chart Wizard to construct a plot from a hidden
worksheet that PHStat2 creates.
Use: Select PHStat Descriptive Statistics Box-and-Whisker Plot.
PHStat2 User’s Guide. Page 8
Frequency Distribution
Generates a table that contains frequency counts and percentage frequency values on a
new worksheet. When used with a multiple group option, the frequency table for each
group is placed on a separate worksheet.
Use: Select PHStat Descriptive Statistics Frequency Distribution.
PHStat2 User’s Guide. Page 9
Stem-and-Leaf Display
Generates a stem-and-leaf display using the rounding method on a new worksheet from a
set of numerical data and optionally generates a summary statistics table on the same
worksheet. Letting PHStat2 autocalculate the stem unit is recommended but if used, the
Set stem unit as value must be a power of ten. Due to the limitations of Microsoft Excel,
this command may produce a plot with inaccurate leaves if the range of the data set is
very large or if many significant digits are needed to convey the largest and smallest
value.
Use: Select PHStat Descriptive Statistics Stem-and-Leaf Display.
PHStat2 User’s Guide. Page 11
Decision-Making Menu
Opportunity Loss
Generates a new worksheet that calculates opportunity losses from payoff data for the
events associated with a set of alternative courses of action. The new worksheet contains
an empty payoff table into which you enter payoff data for each combination of event and
alternative course of action to complete the analysis.
Use: Select PHStat Decision-Making Opportunity Loss.
Normal
Generates a new worksheet that calculates normal probabilities. The new worksheet uses
the STANDARDIZE, NORMDIST, NORMSINV, and NORMINV Functions to
calculate normal probabilities and related values.
Use: Select PHStat Probability & Prob. Distributions Normal.
PHStat2 User’s Guide. Page 15
Binomial Probabilities
Generates a table of binomial probabilities on a new worksheet. If you select Cumulative
Probabilities, the binomial table will include additional columns for P(<=X), P(<X),
P(>X), and P(>=X). The new worksheet uses the BINOMDIST Function to calculate
binomial probabilities. Given the limitations of this function, the values in the table
should be considered as fair approximations of the actual probability values.
PHStat2 User’s Guide. Page 16
Exponential
Calculates the exponential probability for values less than or equal to a given X value on
a new worksheet. The new worksheet uses the EXPONDIST Function to calculate the
exponential probability.
Use: Select PHStat Probability & Prob. Distributions Exponential.
PHStat2 User’s Guide. Page 17
Hypergeometric
Generates a table of hypergeometric probabilities on a new worksheet.. If you select
Cumulative Probabilities, the hypergeometric table will include additional columns for
P(<=X), P(<X), P(>X), and P(>=X). The new worksheet uses the HYPGEOMDIST
Function to calculate hypergeometric probabilities.
Use: Select PHStat Probability & Prob. Distributions Hypergeometric.
Poisson
Generates a table of Poisson probabilities for 0 to 20 successes per unit (X) on a new
worksheet. If you select Cumulative Probabilities, the binomial table will include
additional columns for P(<=X), P(<X), P(>X), and P(>=X). The new worksheet the
POISSON Function to calculate Poisson probabilities.
Use: Select PHStat Probability & Prob. Distributions Poisson.
PHStat2 User’s Guide. Page 18
Sampling Menu
and uses the ROUNDUP function to round the result of the sample size calculation up to
the next integer.
Use: Select PHStat Sample Size Determination for the Mean.
McNemar Test
Generates a new worksheet that performs the McNemar test of hypothesis for differences
between two proportions (related samples). The worksheet generated contains an empty
observed frequencies table into which you enter the observed frequencies to complete the
analysis.
Use: Select PHStat Two-Sample Tests McNemar Test.
PHStat2 User’s Guide. Page 32
Multiple-Sample Tests
Chi-Square Test
Generates a new worksheet that performs the Chi-square test of hypothesis for
differences in the proportions among multiple independent populations. The new
worksheet contains an empty cross-classification, or contingency, table into which you
the observed frequencies to complete the analysis. The worksheet created uses the
CHIINV and CHIDIST functions to determine the critical values and p-value,
respectively.
Use: Select PHStat Multiple-Sample Tests Chi-Square Test.
PHStat2 User’s Guide. Page 33
Levene Test
Performs the Levene Test for homogeneity of variance for multiple independent sample
groups on a new worksheet.
Use: Select PHStat Multiple-Sample Tests Levene Test.
Tukey-Kramer Procedure
Generates a new worksheet that performs the Tukey-Kramer procedure to determine
which means from multiple independent groups are significantly different. In the new
worksheet, you enter a Q statistic value to complete the analysis.
PHStat2 User’s Guide. Page 34
p Chart
Generates a p chart on a new chart sheet. This commands also generates two worksheets
that contain calculations for the control limits and data for the p chart.
Use: Select PHStat Control Charts p Chart.
Regression Menu
Multiple Regression
Generates a simple linear regression analysis on a new worksheet. This command
enhances and extends the results generated by the Data Analysis Regression tool. This
command can generate many additional sheets, depending on the number of X variables
and the options selected.
Use: Select PHStat Regression Multiple Regression.
PHStat2 User’s Guide. Page 37
Best Subsets
Generates a best subsets multiple regression analysis on a new worksheet. This command
also procedure generates additional worksheets, each one containing the results of one of
the regression analyses considered.
Use: Select PHStat Regression Best Subsets.
PHStat2 User’s Guide. Page 38
Stepwise Regression
Generates a stepwise regression analysis on a new worksheet. This command also
generates a separate worksheet that contains the multiple regression analysis that uses all
of the X variables..
Use: Select PHStat Regression Stepwise Regression.
Utilities Menu
Fix Up Chart
Modifies a chart, eliminating common errors made by Microsoft Excel in generating the
chart.
Use: Select PHStat Utilities Fix Up Chart.
(This command does not use a dialog box.)
PHStat2 User’s Guide. Page 39
About PHStat…
Displays information about the version of PHStat2 begin used.