US us) United States 2) Patent Application Publication co) Pub. No.: US 2022/0089128 A1 oy oy 2 a @y (2) (6) on} Dalal PULSED LASER CLEANING OF ACCUMULATED ON GLASS ARTICL VEHICLES AND PHOTOVOLTAIC ASSEMBLIES Applicant: Tesla, Ine, Palo Alto, CA (US) Inventor: Phiruze Dalal, San Jose, CA (US) Appl. No. 171486,762 Filed: Sep. 2, 2021 Related U.S. Application Data Division of application No. 16/408,671, filed on May 10, 2019, now Pat. No, 11,110.89, Provisional application No, 62(672,251, filed ow May 16, 2018 Publication Classitieation Im. C1, Bons 102 (2006.01) BoOR 11/08 (2005.01), Bosh 700 (2006.01) 1$9128A1 2022005 (43) Pub. Date: Mar. 24, 2022 (62) US.cL CPE non BOBS 112 (2013.01); BAOR 2011/0005 (2013.01); Bas 70082 (2013.01); BOR 11708 (201301), 6 ABSTRACT A cleaning system for a vehicle includes @ beam optics assembly that emits a laser beans to radiate a region on a lass article of the vehicle, debris detection eiruity that ‘elects debris accumulated over the region, and control circuitry. The contol circuitry calibrates a set of parameters ‘ssociated with the lser beam emitted from the beam opties ‘assembly based on detection of the debi accumulated over the region on the glass article, controls an exposure level of the laser beam on the debris accumulated based on calibra tion ofthe sct of parameters associated with the laser beam, wherein the exposure level is controlled based on pulsing the laser beam ata calibrated rate that limits penetration of the laser beam to a dept that sles than a thickness ofthe glass anicle, and removes the debris accumulated aver the region fon the glass article using the aser bea, 0 Boa Opties Assembly 110 Debris Detection VO tmeriee Cireuiny 106 lat Laer Eten 108 Display 1048 Contol Circuitry 112 Cleaning Apparat 102Patent Application Publication Mar. 24,2022 Sheet 1 of 5 US 2022/0089128 AI y14a 100 vo 4 Beam Optics Assembly LL ] Debris Detection VO Interface i Circuitry 106 104 Laser Emitter 108 isplay 1044, Control Circuitry L12 Cleaning Apparatus 102 FIG. 1Patent Application Publication Mar. 24, 2022 Sheet 2 of 5 US 2022/0089128 AI 106 FIG. 2A 112 212Patent Application Publication Mar. 24, 2022 Sheet 3 of 5 US 2022/0089128 AI 2008 FIG. 2BPatent Application Publication Mar. 24, 2022 Sheet 4 of 5 US 2022/0089128 AI 300 302, 314A...314N FIG. 3Patent Application Publication Mar. 24,2022 Sheet 5 of 5 US 2022/0089128 AI 400 Detect debris accumulated on a region on glass article installed in vehicle 404 a Calibrate a set of parameters a assembly, based on detection of debris accumulated on a region on glass | Control exposure level of laser beam on detected debris accumulated on glass article based on calibration of set of parameters associated with laser beam 408 y Irradiate region associated with the detected debris on glass article by laser beam 410 | Remove detected debris accumulated on region by laser beam 412 yciated with laser beam emitted from beam optics article 406 End FIG. 4US 2022/0089128 AI PULSED LASER CLBANING OF DEBRIS ACCUMULATED ON GLASS ARTICLES IN ‘VEHICLES AND PHOTOVOLTAIC ASSEMBLIES CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED [APPLICATIONS 10001] The present US. Utility Patent Application claims priority pursuant to 35 USC. § 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Application No, 62/672,251, entitled “PULSED LASER CLEANING OF DEBRIS ACCUMULATED ON GLASS. ARTICLES. IN VEHICLES AND. PHOTOVOLTAIC ‘ASSEMBLIES" filed May 16, 2018, which s hereby incor porated herein by reference in is entirety and made part of the present US. Uility Patent Application forall purposes ‘TECHNICAL FIELD. 10002} ‘The disclosure relates to surface cleaning technolo- ties; and more particularly to laser-based surface cleaning technologies. BACKGROUND 10003] Glass articles are increasingly used in vehicles, Photovoltaic panels, and other electronic devices. For ‘example, in vehicles, such glass anicles are typically used as rearview mirors, window panels, and windshieks. In case ‘of solar products, different types of glass or glass-like coatings are usually applied on exposed surface of the Photovoltaic panes, Soch glass articles are susceptible to ‘accumulation of various types of dirt (or debris) that are usually present in the ambient atmosphere. The accumla- tion may furter cause occlusion of certain regions on the las articles and thereby, in certain critical seenarios, such ‘occlusion may interrupt different support systems andor users that ely on the glass articles. For example, certain rogions on a windshield of a vhicle may include din spots that may occlude a view in line-of-sight (LOS) of a human driver during a joumey. Similarly, accumulation of dir on, leases of a camera mounted on a vehicle may cause errs in image acquisition. Thus, decisions made on the bass of sueh erroneous images may not be desirable. As another ‘eximple, dirt accumulations on photovoltaic panels over 3 period of time may cause a decrease in a power capture ‘elicioney ofthe solar panels, which may translate into lower power curput for homes, ollces, transport systems, or Laili- fies that may depend on power from such solar panels. {0004} Conventionally, different automated solutions for ‘leaning glass articles in a Vehicle ora photoveliae ass bly wsually rely on either & physical contset of a robotic brash with ‘chemical sok be sprayed over the plas articles. Although such automated solutions may clean glass articles, preparations for cleaning such glass atcles may consume a significant time and the ‘leaning and drying period may ad to overall productive time. Additionally, usage of chemical solutions may be unsuitable for glass articles installed in electronics devices (for example, cameras, dashboards, and the Tike) as sueh ‘components may tum defective with application of such ‘chemical solutions [0005] Further imitations and disadvantages of conven- tional and traditional approaches will become apparent those one of ordinary skill inthe ar, through a comparison Mar. 24, 2022 of described systems with some aspects of the prese disclosure, as Set forth in the remainder of the present ‘pplication and with reference tothe drawings. SUMMARY, [0006] A cleaning apparatus and method for pulsed laser leaning of debris accumulated on glass articles in vehicles fand photovoliae assemblies are substantially shown in, ‘andlor described in connection with, at least one of the figures, as set forth more completely in the claims. These and other features and advantages of the present disclosnre ‘may be appreciated from a review of the following detailed description ofthe present disclosure, along withthe accom ppanying figures in which like relerence numerals reer to Iike pars throughout BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0007] FIG. 1 isa block diagram that iusirates a cleaning ‘appants for pulsed laser cleaning of debris accumulated on lass articles, in secordance with an embodiment of the ‘isclosure [0008] FIG. 24 illustrates a windshield and a bonnet portion ofa vehicle configured with the cleaning apparatus OF FIG. 4 in accordance with an embodiment of the disclo- [0009] FIG. 2B illustrates a vehicle installed with diferent beam optics assemblies for different glass articles in the vehicle in accordance with an embodiment of the disclo- [0010] FIG. 3 illustrates a solar photovoltaic faciiyy equipped with the cleaning apparatus of FIG. 1, in accor tance with an embodiment of the disclosure. [0011] FIG. 4 is a Nowehar that illustrates a method for laser cleaning of debris accumulated on glass articles ia vehicles and photovoliaie assemblies, in accordance with various embodiments of the disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION [0012] ‘The fotlowing described implementations may be ound inthe disclosed method and apparatus for pulbed laser cleaning of debris accumulated on glass articles in vehicles ‘and photovoltaic assemblies. In one implementation, the cleaning apparatus may be installed as a modular device in vehicle and may provide a contacless means to clean diflorent glass anicles, for example windshicls, in-vehicle camera lenses, side windows, rear-view mirrors, and the like, in the vehiele by a pulsed laser beam The cleaning apparatus provides a fst, robust, and chemical-free solution to clean different glass articles in vehicles and solar photo- voliaic Facilities, The solution ean be integrated with other cleaning solutions that use wipers, water, oF air sprays or chemical soluons to clean ghiss articles, [0013] The cleaning apparatus may include a debris derec- sion ctcutey that may be configured 10 automatically detect ‘debris gocumulated on dierent localized regions of glass aniele installed ina vehicle. Such detection of debris may be ‘done by image processing techniques that may’ use different ‘mage sensors installed inside and outside ofthe vehicle In adttion tothe detection, the position, content, and shape of the debris may be identified to facilitate the calibration of certain parameters that a beam opts assembly may use 10 ‘adaptively iradiate a region on the glass article by the laser beam ata calibrated pulse rate.US 2022/0089128 AI [0014] The exposure level of the laser beam may be further controlled suc tht the laser beam that is pled st the calibrated rate, advantageously penetrate a depth that is less than the thickness of the glas article. Such contol of the exposure level exused by the pulsed Taser beam may miligate a risk of damage o different in-vehicle components ‘beneath the region inthe vehicle, The wilization of a single ‘leaning appartus hased on adaptive laser hear-forming and adaptive calibration of parameters may ensure @ mini- ‘uum penctration possibility of the pulsed laser beam and ‘only affect an intended region of the glass antcle accumu lated with the debris, Further, the penetration possibility may be further minimized on the basis of selective application of protective coatings or layers on veriain glass articles, For ‘example, a protective coating or layer of Indium Tin Oxide ‘or other materials on Windshields may be applied to absorb ‘or reflect the pulsed laser beam heyond a specific thickness of the glass articles. [0015] FIG. 1 isa block diagram that illustrates a cleaning apparatus for laser cleaning of debris accumulated on glass articles, in accordance with an embodiment of the diselo- sure. With reference to FIG. 1, there is shown a block diagram 100 of a cleaning apparatus 102. The cleaning apparatus 102 may include an inpuowsput (VO) interface 104, debris detetion circuitry 106, a laser emi beam optics assembly 110, and control circuit contol circuitry 112 may be communicatively coupled 10 the 10 interface 104, the debris detection circuitry 106, the Jaser emitter 108, and the beam optes assembly 110. There is further shown a glass article 114 associated with debris (for example, debris 114) accumulated ina specific egion of the glass article 114 [0016] The cleaning apparatus 102 may comprise suitable Togie, cienity, interfaces, and movable components that od ‘ay he configured to detect and irmdinte debris aecuml Jina region onthe glass article 114 by’a laser beam (acrony for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiae tion) to further remove the detected debris by the laser beam. “The cleaning apparatus 102 may be a modular device that may inelude diferent operational and nou-operationlcom- ponents distributed in different sections of an installation ‘eavironmtent The cleaning apparatus 102 may be operation= ally configured to collectively operate in accordance with 3 typeof the installation environment. For example, the clean ing apparatus 102 may be mosnted on a vehicle sac that @ laser beam may be directed on the glass article 114 (or glass article(s) installed at diferent sections ofthe vehicle. Dif ferent components of the cleaning apparatus 102 may be ‘implemented in the installation environment such that dhe ‘lass article 14 (or the glass article(s) falls in fnc-of-sght, (LOS) of such components, for example, the debris detec- tion cireitry 196, the beam opties assembly 110, and the laser emitter 108. 10017] The VO interface 104 may comprise suitable logic ‘ircity, and interfaces that may be configured to operate as VO channel/interface between a user and different opera- tional components of the cleaning apparatus 102. The I/O ‘interface 104 may facilitate an VO device to receive an input from a user and present an output based on the provided ‘input from the user. The VO interface 104 may comprise ‘rious input and output ports to connect varios O devices that may communicate Wwith different operational compo- rents ofthe cleaning apparatus 102. Examples ofthe apt ‘devices may include, but are not limited to, a touch Seren, Mar. 24, 2022 a keyboard, a mouse, a joystick, a microphone, and other mage capture devices. Examples ofthe output devices may include, but are not Timited to, a display sereen, a speaker, hhuptic, or olher sensory output device. In some embodi- ments, the HO interface 104 may be further associated with ‘a display 104A fuser implemented ia the installation fenviroament. In some embodiments, the /O interface 104 ‘may not be provided inthe cleaning apparatus 102. In some other embodiments, the UO interface 104 may be integrated ‘with an infotainment system of a vehicle [0018] The display 1048 may comprise suitable logic, ireuitey, and interfaces that may be configured to render various types of information and conto vi a user interface (UD). The UL may be a customized graphical UL (GUD contigured to display various types of information, contol, for settings to operate the cleaning apparatus 102, The cleaning apparates 102 may also be contolled or operas by a hardware control button ora switch provided in the UL fof the display 104A, The display 104A may be a touch screen coilfighred to receive an input fom the one or more fecupants associated with the installation caviroament Examples of the display 104A may include, but are not Jimited to, a display of the infotainment head unit, a pro- jection-based display a see-through display, and/or an ele tro-chromie display 0019} ‘The debris detection circuitry 106 may comprise Suitable logic, circuitry, and interfaces that may be conlig- ‘ured t0 detect debris scenmulated over a surface region on the glass article 114 in the installation environment, for example, a vehicle. Additionally, the debris detection cir citey 106 may’ locate and ideally the debris oF foreign ‘depositions on specific regions that may’ cause occlusions of atleast a portion ofa seene ina field-of-view (FOV) viewed through the glass article 114, such as a camera lens oF a vehicle front windscreen. In accordance with un embodi- ‘ment, the debris detection circuitry 106 my include optical sensors (or image sensors) 10 capture an image (or a sequence of image frames) of the glass article 114 and a pracessoro sean the eapred image of the glass article 114 to detect accumulation af the debris (localized over a surface region or distributed randomly), 0020] Suck optical sensors may identify different regions that occlude a seene in the FOV’ viewed through the glass anicle 114, Examples of optical (or image) sensors may jnclude, but are aot limited to, camera or eameras bil into the cleaning apparatus 102, 2 dash camera, a rearview camera, and a Surround view camera, In aeconlance With ‘another embodiment, he debris detection circuitry 106 may ‘include capacitive or resistive transparent layers overlaid on the glass article 114 that detect and locate accumulation of the debris on different regions of the glass article 114. In accordance with yet another embodiment, the debris detcc- tion circuitry 106 may use the principle of frustrated foal internal reflection (FTIR), [0021] The laser emitter 108 may comprise suitable logic, ircuitey, and interfaces that may be configured to generate Taser beam that is associated witha set of parameters that ‘may include any one or more of laser wavelength, Feuency, pulse rte, spot radius, and boam width. The laser emitter 108 may include a laser source, a power ciecuit, and & pulsation cieuit enclosed in @ chassis. In some embodi- ‘ments, the laser emitter 108 may be coupled to a cooling system, for example, a liguid coolant system. In some embodiments, the laser emitter 108 may not be coupled toUS 2022/0089128 AI and cvoling may not be required. The further implemented based on one of solid state laser, a gas laser, an excimer laser, a dye laser, & femiconductor laser, and the lke, In an embodiment, the Taser source may emit a pulsed laser beam that may include ulle-short pulses of high energy (ei. a 20 Watts laser) and the laser souree may be a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL), 10022] |The beam optics assembly 110 may be an optical Setup that may’ be controlled t0 steer energy of an emitted laser beam and execute bearafomning of the emitted laser beam as a focused laser beam across a specific region oF an ‘entire surface area of the glass article 114, The optics sssembly may include a steering assembly anda beamform- ing assembly. The steeing assembly may’ include at least ‘one optical fiber, the first end of which may be Tinked tothe Taser source and the second end i linked to an input point for the beamforming assembly. The optical fiber in the steering assembly may transmit and steer the energy of the ‘emitted laser beam from the laser source tothe beamforming assembly. The beanforming assembly may include lenses, alvanometic mirrors, solid state, or other micro mieror arrays, laser windows, actuators, and the like. The beam- omiing assembly may calibrate different parameters in the set of parameters associated with the lnser beam. The beamforming assembly may also be coupled directly oF indirectly to the laser emitter 108 without the use of optical fibers, [0023] The control circuitry 112 may comprise suitable logic, circuit, and interfaces that may be configured t0 ‘contol an expostire level of the laser beam directed at debris accumulated on the glass article 114 for removal of the debris by the laser beam, The control circuitry 112 may provide contr signals to diferent components ofthe clean- {ng apparatus 102, to set parameters associated with emise sion and beamforming of the laser beam, and locate and ‘dentfya type ofthe debris accumulated on the glass article ld. Th accordance with an embodiment, the contol cit= ‘cuitty 112 may be implemented on the basis of any one oF ‘more of a field programmable gate array (FPGA), @ pro- tgrummable logie device (PLD), an appliction-speciie iate- arated circuit (ASIC), a programmable ASIC (PL-ASIC), an ‘pplication-specifc inteprated parts (ASIPs), and a System- ‘on-Chip (SOC) based on standard microprocessor units (MPUs) or digital signal processors (DSPs). In accordance ‘with another embodiment, the contol circuitry 112 may be Junker interfaced with a processor and/or a graphical pro- ‘essing unit (GPU). Examples ofthe processor may include, but are not limited to, « cent processing unit (CPU). aa 86-hased processor, an xG4-based processor, a reduced jnstruction Set compuning (RISC) processor, an application- specific integrated circuit (ASIC) processor, and 8 complex instruction set computing (CISC) processor. 10024] The glass article 114 may be a specific article installed in different components of a vehiele or a photo- voltaic assembly. Examples of diferent components that include the glass article 114 (or glass articles) may inelude, but are not limited to, diving misrors, side minors, rear view minors, front-view minors, door windows, fom and rear windshields, heads-up display (IUD), headlights, indi- ‘ator lights, tllights, brake lights, and driving lamps in vehicles, solar panels, glass roof tle, and solar reflectors in ‘photovoltaic or solar thermal assembly. In accordance with sensors that include the glass Mar. 24, 2022 aul 114 may be farher insted in a vehicle and a Plowvoluie assembly. Examples of such soason may Include, but are not finited to, rearview cameras, dash cameras, automotive HUD. and display screens {0028} "In operation, diffrent sensors inthe debris detce- Sion circuitry 106 may exceute @ sean arose the surface of te glas article 114 fo detect accumulation of debris (lor example, the debris 114) em the glass article 14 The sean ‘may be executed for detection of the debris on localiza Surface region ofthe glass arele 114, oF a non-localized istbution (scattered) area of the glass article IN Examples of diferent debris that may be accumulated onthe sss article MM may include, but are not limite, so, ‘ater droplets, paint, biel-droppings, bug-splats,plant-sp, oil spills vimes, di and mul For example in some case, the Windoioid ofa vehicle may’ accumulate bird droppings indifeent localized or poetic regions ofthe windshield. In Some cases, int may depositor be seatered over the ‘indsbickd. The exceuion of the sean may be done ia cordance with 3 contol signal. In one instance, soch 4 onto sgnal may be recived in expose toa apt Ian Stuer, va the UO interface 104 of the elesning epparats 102 In apother instance, such 4 contol signal maybe rogranmtvaly implemented based onan iaterpteyele fra polling eyele exacted by the control circuitry 12, in onjncton with diferent sensors in the debris detection circity 106 {0026} tity, he debris deteston circuitry 106 may be configured 10 idea whether an accumulation detected based on exocution of the scan of the surface of the glass ale 114 is debris (for example, the debris 1148). Such accumulation may’ cause aechsion of at least portion ofa Scene in FOV of tse or eamera when Viewed though the sss anticle 14. Such identification may’be done to sear fate removable secumulations (or debris) fom non-remoy- fable ccomltions or intentionally arranged. occluding objets For example, i the scan ees, the windsbild may include different repions covered by the non-romovable accumlations. Examples of the pon-emovable aeamnla- tins includes, but arent limited wo a sticker brand ogo 2 promotional logo, @ personalized logo, aah the Tike Similan he idenified regions may include certain other objects, for example, sun shades on windows of a veil, ‘wiper blades, clothes, gs o oer objets [0027] The debris detection circuitry 106 may be further configured to detect the debris accumulated on the glass tele 114 installed, for example, ina vehicle See FIG. 2, aun 2B) or a phowvoliaie assembly (See FIG. 3. ln wcoor dance with an embodiment, the debris detection circuitry 106 may include the optical sensors (or image sensors) visually detet the cistabution of debris onthe surface ofthe tls atcle Id. The optical sensors (or image snsor) my be positioned such that the glass article Ll iy prsent in an TOS of the optical sensors (or image sensor) In he LOS region suc optical sensor (or imoge sensor) may eapure a soqueace of inages ofthe glass ale 1, The captured Sexuene of images may’ be wiz to detect a phraity of Tocations assorted withthe aecumlations of the debris on te glass article 14. Additionally, the captured sequence of nutes may provide a measie of arte, «pate, duration of accumulation ofthe debris on diferent localized tr nonsocaized regions on the ass article 114 (0028) Inaceordance with another embosmest the debris detection eieitry 106 may include a capacitive leer coatedUS 2022/0089128 AI ‘on the surface ofthe glass article 114. The eapsetive layer may be energized by the debris detection circuitry 106, The ‘capacitive layer may be responsive to debris accumulations that contact the surface of the capacitive layer. The eapaci- tive layer may be unzesponsive to debris accumulations that ‘may’not bein conlat with the capacitive layer for example, ‘debris accumulation on a side that s apposite to the capaci tive layer on the glass article 114. In such cases, other techniques that rely on non-contact methods to debris detec- tion may be utilized, for example, image sensors, laser scanner, and the like. portion ofthe eapactive ayer that ‘may exhibit u variation in capacitance values with respect to known or expected capacitance values may be utilized t0 detect aad locate an accumulation ofthe debris in a region of the glass article 114 10029] In gccondance with another embextiment, the debris tection cireuitey 106 may be configured to wilize Fras trated Total Internal Reflectance (FTIR) as an altemative on-coataet method of debris detection, Ia cases where another surfice isin contact of at close proximity toa totally ‘nermally reflecting surface, the total internal reflection may be sustrated Thus, o locate an accumulation of the debris in a region of the glass article 114 (such as a vehicle ‘window) that may act as one surface layor that isin contact for at close proximity 10 the toully internally reflecting surface layer (a special coating). Any change in intensity of ‘evanescent wave ata particular region passing through such surface layer arrangement may indicate presence of debris at that particular region. 10030] In some embodiments, the debris detection cir ccuitty 106 is configured to determine a type of debris ‘accumulated ina region on the glass article 114. The type of ‘debris may be determinod based on certain feature, for ‘example, including any one or more of a composition, a texture, a color. a shape, a state (Solid or liquid) an odor, spectral absorption oF reflection associated with debris, and the like, The detection of debris and associated information, such a locaton and determined features, ofthe debris may be further provided to the control eircutry 112. ln accor ‘dance with an embodiment, the contol circuity 112 may ullze the detected location ofthe debris (for example, the ‘debris 114) onthe glass anicle 114 to determine a distance between the heam optics assembly 110 and the detected location ofthe debris on the glass article IM4. Adcltionaly, the contro circuitry 112 may determine a range of horimatal and vertical sweep angles in a localized or a non-localized region that may be marked for a cleanup by the laser beam. 10031] The contol circuitry 112 may be configured t© ‘communicate a canto) signal to the laser emitter 108 based aticle 114, The information related to the detected debris ‘ay include the detected location and area occupied by the debris, a range of horizontal and vertical sweep angles, determined features of the debris, determined distance betwoen the eam optics assembly 110 and the debris, and the lke, The laser emitter 108 may utilize the control signal received from the conieol circuitry 112 to calibrate first set ‘of parameters associated with a laser beam, The fist set of parameters may be set as configuration parameters of the Taser source, The laser source in the laser emitter 108 may be configured to emit a laser beam in accordance to the ‘calibrate first set of parameters. The first set of parameters ray include, but ar’ not limited fo, any one or more of wavelength associated the emitted laser beam, frequency Mar. 24, 2022 associated with the emitted laser beam, peak power of the emited laser beam, a pulse duration of the emitted laser ‘beam, and a number of pulses associated with the emitted laser beam. The wavelength of the laser beam may be further calibrated such thatthe laser bear alfects only the targeted debris, without a penetration of the glass article 1 0032] The emitted laser beam may have required power levels to eflciently eaeh and target the detected debris in a localized region or @ non-localized region, However, the emitted laser beam may require beamforming and steering at specific horizontal and verical sweep angles, to effectively remove the debris accumulated in 8 localized or @ none localized region of the glass article 114. Therefore, the control circuitry 112 may utilize the beam optics assembly 110 to stcer and execute beamforming of the envied laser beam sueh that the pulsed laser beam may remove the detected debris eficiently in an optimal time period. The emitted laser beam may be initially steered from the laser source to the beamforming assembly, via the stering assem bly. The steering assembly may include at lest one optical Iiher that connects the laser source tothe input portion for the beamforming assembly. The optical fiber inthe steering assembly may transmit and steer the emitted laser beam trom the laser sour to the beamforming assembly. [0033] In certain scenario, a single installation environ ‘ment may’ include multiple beamforming assemblies that ‘may utilize @ single laser source to transmit a beamformed laser beam to diferent glass articles. For example, a vehicle ‘may include multiple beamforming assemblies for wind- shields, windows, and camera lenses (as shown in FIG. 2B) In such an implementation, the single laser source may include optical splitters to split a single laser beam into wo diflrent laser beams that can be beamformed to target ferent repions on a single glass article or multiple glass farticles. In accordance with an embodiment, instead of a Single laser souree, the laser emitter 108 may include @ plurality of laser sources that may generate diferent laser ‘aus fom diferent laser sources to diferent heaaafoning assemblies in an installation environment. In accordance ‘with an embodiment, an optical multiplexer may be ulized to distribute a single laser beam to different beamforming assemblies, via dedicated optical fibers for different beam- forming assemblies, [0034] The contol circuitry 112 may further wilize actua- tors andlor other devices in beam optics assembly 110 10 calibrate a second sct of parameters associated with the emitted laser beam and components of the beam foning assembly. The second se of parameters may include any one ‘or more of a spot rads formed by the laser beam on the glass article 114, a focal length ofa lens (or a mirror in the beam optics assembly 110, an angle of incidence (vertical and horizontal sweep angles) of the laser beam on the detected debris, and the like. Alternatively tated, the control circuitry 12 may ast diferent parameters associated With the components of the beamforming assembly to adjust a ‘beam with and the angle of incidence ofthe laser bea, For example, galvanic miners, micro mirtor arrays, or special Jed Tenses may be steered horizontally and verially 10 ‘move the laser beam at horizontal and vertical sweep angles ‘cross the region of the debris on the glass artile 114, la certain implementations, the beamforming assembly may include a specified arrangement of lenses, galvanic or microUS 2022/0089128 AI rirrs, and laser windows to selectively tanta detected ‘brie in localized oF nonlocalized region of the glass fails 114 10035]. The beam opis assembly 10 may be eetively uilized to imate epion onthe glass aril 11 bya laser beam. The iradiance of the laser beam of the region accumulated with the detected debris may further regite ‘controlling a exposure level and an exposure period for ‘optimal cleanap in © minimal time. Additonal, the irai- ‘nce ofthe laser beam may be cosa to prevent damoge to oer components that may ie in range of the diected laser beam, For example, a seat or an electronic device positioned behind a windshield may be damaged due to an ‘excessive exposte of the laser beam beyond safe lit. Similarly an image seasr chip camera may be damaged ‘due to overexposure of the laser eas (or de 9 miscon- figuration of the set of porameters), while the lens ofthe camera mey be exposed (othe laser beam for cleanup. 10036] The consol circuitry 112 maybe further configured to contol an exposure level ofthe ser beam onthe detected debris accumilated on the glass aricle II. The exposire Jevel may be contol based on the calibration ofthe fist set of parameters and the second sc of paramcters associ ated withthe laser beam. The exposure level may depend on a peak power value. a pulse Jaraton, © pul rate, an ‘exposure period, andthe ike. The exposure level may be ‘controlled such’ hat the laser beam at pulsed a a Calibrated rate ponetates a depth that is Tess than the thickness ofthe glass article I. Witha linted pension, the laser beam may alfet only the exposed region of the ‘bcs on the glass article 114, without furler penttion beyond a thickness ofthe glass arcle 14, The eontlled exposure level nay’ rer be ulzed to msninize pen ‘exation possibilty of the laser beam heyond the hikes of the ass uncle 114. Such poncation possibility may be further miniminad based on analysis ofa specific geometric profile and a refractive index profile ofthe glass ticle IMA that contacts the debris. Aematvey laser hart coating (for example, Indium Tin Oxide) moy be futher opie as 4 protective coating on oe layer within the glass ale 114 to facilitate absorption etlection of portion of enemy of the laser beam (lor example, as shown in FIG. 2A). The ‘onto every 112 may utlize the Jser beam 10 remove the detected debris accumulated on the region by the ler beam. The laser hoam maybe diet on the detected debris ‘onthe region atthe controll exposure eval inthe expose period. o mitigate ask of damage to diferent components Beneath the eosin 10037] In some embodiments, the cleaning appara 102 nay include voting system that may be insted withthe ‘leaning apparatus 102 in the installation environment, for ‘example in font or back wunk ofthe vice. The cling system may utilize suitable coolants to remove heat fom heated operations of the laser emitter 108. The impemen- tation ofthe cleaning apparatus 102 in vehicle has been scribed, for example, ia FIG. 2A. FIG. 2B, and in a photovoltaic assombly fas boon deseribed, for example, in FIG. 3, respectively 0038) FIG. 2A illostates «windshield and » bonnet portion ofa vehicle configured with the cleaning appaans ‘OF FIG. I, n acordance with an embodiment ofthe dislo- ture, FIG, 2 is explained in conjunction with elements from FIG. 1 With reference to FIG. 2A, there i shown & potion 2004 of a vehicle (eg the vehicle 2008 of FIG. Mar. 24, 2022 2B). The portion 200 may iaclude a windshield portion 202 ands bonnet portion 204, The winsbild portion 202 tay include a laser Bases coating 206 on the windshiekd portion 202 and debes detection coating 208 on the laser barrier coating 206. A debris 210 may’ be accumulated over specie region on The windshield portion 202, as shown, {0039} In FIG. 24, as shown, the leaning apparatus 102 say be ‘instlled Beneath Use boanet portion 204, The leaning apparatus 102 may inelode the last emiter 108 ommmunicatvely couplet the beam optics assembly 110, Via an optical bee 212. Additionally. he cleaning appaats 102 may incinde the debris detection cecuitey 106 comme nieatvely coupled to the debris detection coating 208, and te control cieuitey 112 coupled to the debris detection circuitry 106, the laser emitter 108, and the beam optics assembly 110, (0040) "The debris detection cireitry 106 may be contigs ‘ure to detect debris (lr example, the debs 210) acum lated over a region on the windsield portion 202 installed Jn the vehicle The detection ofthe debris (or example, the debris 210) may be done hse on a response from the debris detection coating 208. Alrematively stated, the dabrsdete- tion costing 208 when in somtact wit the debris indicates a chnge in capacitance or resistance values with respect to known vale of capacitance or resistance. Such change may be ullizad to dtet a presence of debris on the windbhiekd portion 202 {0041} In response w the detection, the contol circuitry 112 may provide contol sgl othe ser enter 108, The contol circuitry 112 may further calibrate a fist set of parameters associated witha laser beam emitted from the Taser emitter 108. The laser emiter 18 may be configurd to emit laser beam in aecolance wih the carat Test Sct af parsers. The fist sot of parameters may ince, but are not imited to, wavelength associated the emitted laser bes, raqueacy associate with Ie emitted laser eam, peak power of the emite laser beam, pulse duration of the mitted laser beam, and a numberof pulses associated with the emited laser beam. Additionally the wavelength of the mitted laser beam may be calbroted such that the laser tam may’ only affoet the detected debris, without Forhor penetration of the windshield portion 202, Thera. the Taser beam may be routed or communicated tothe beam optics assembly 10, via the optical fiber 212. In erin embodiments, the optical fiber 212 may be utilized t0 cnveninlly ute the ested laser bear o diferent bears optic assemblies that may be insted for dead glass cle, for example, plas Windows, Winds, and eae ‘iw mirrors in th vehicle 2008, {0042} The beam optics assembly 110 may’ inelude dier- atopic components (for example, galvanic mimors, ‘micro minor ara, laser Windows, specialized lenses, ed actors) 10 stot and execute beamforming of the laser beam recived via the optical fiber 212. The beam optics assembly I10 may be ublized to calibrate @socond set of Paramcers associated with the emited ser beam atthe beamforming stage. Such ealibration may be done atthe team optics assembly 110, based on the detection ofthe dsbris aecumlated over the region on the windshield por tion 202, The second st of parameters may inelue a Spot ‘rvs formed hy the laser beam on the windsiek! portion 202, focal leapt of les (oa moe inthe Dea optics assembly 110, an angle of incidence (verical and hora Sweep angles) ofthe laser Beam on the detected debris, nd