M E TA L S

December 2008

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ME TA L S
December 2008

The Indian Metals Industry has two main segments

• Comprise of aluminium, copper,

zinc, lead, nickel and tin
• Demand from agriculture,
Non-ferrous metals automobiles, railways,
telecommunications, building and
construction and chemical plants

Indian Metals Sector

• Primarily consist of iron and

different varieties of steel
Ferrous metals • Demand from construction and
automobile sectors

It is a key sector as it meets the requirements of

a wide range of key industries

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ME TA L S
December 2008

The industry is highly fragmented, especially in downstream segments

Type of Metal Type of Operations

Primary Secondary
Non-Ferrous producers producers
Metals
has only a few players Many players in the organised
and unorganised sectors

Ferrous

Secondary producers
Ore miners Integrated / Re-rollers

}
Metals Main producers

3 major producers Stand-alone

producers

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

The Steel sector in India has been growing rapidly

While production of Pig lron has been fluctuating over the years Finished Steel production has been growing steadily

Production of Pig lron Production of Finished Steel

2007-08 (est) 5.29 2007-08 (E) 58.26

2006-07 4.99 2006-07 55.15

2005-06 3.86 2005-06 42.64

2004-05 3.23 2004-05 40.05

2003-04 5.22 2003-04 36.19

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Million Tonnes Million Tonnes

Source: www.steel.gov.in Source: www.steel.gov.in

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

The Steel sector in India has been growing rapidly

Growth in manufacturing and infrastructure is fuelling India is the seventh largest producer of Crude Steel
demand for steel products, driving growth in the sector
Top producers of Crude Steel in 2008 (Apr-Sep)

China 389

Japan 92.3
USA 76
Russia 56.5
S. Korea 41.3
India 41.1

Germany 36.2

Ukraine 31.5
Brazil 26.8
Italy 24.2

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

Million Tonnes

Source: www.worldsteel.org

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

Steel trade out of India has also been going up

Exports growing at a healthy 26% CAGR; but
Imports growing at double the rate

Exports of Steel from India Import of Steel into India

2007-08 6.6 2007-08 9

2006-07 5.6 2006-07 6.1

2005-06 3.8 2005-06 5.5

2004-05 4.2 2004-05 3.4

CAGR 26%
2003-04 2.6 2003-04 1.8 CAGR 50%

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

US$ billion US$ billion

Source: Export Import Data Bank, Ministry of Commerce, GoI - www.commerce.nic.in

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

Steel trade out of India has also been going up

Belgium and USA are key exports markets China and Korea are the key sources for imports
Top 10 steel exports destinations (2007-08) Top 10 steel import destinations (2007-08)

Belgium 577 Chian 1,460

USA 473 S Korea 856
Italy 454 USA 629
UAE 426 Japan 529
Netherlands 316 Germany 517
Indonesia 262 Russia 507
S Korea 230 Belgium 312
Chian 223 Ukraine 294

Germany 214 Thailand 292

Japan 195 UAE 257

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600

Million Tonnes Million Tonnes

Source: Export Import Data Bank, Ministry of Commerce, GoI - www.commerce.nic.in

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

Sectoral distribution of aluminium consumption

Key Players in the Indian Aluminium Sector Primary Aluminium Production
Group Key Players 2008 399 359 478
Aditya Birla Group Hindalco Industries Limited
Indian Aluminium Company Limited (INDAL) 2007 351 359 443

Sterlite Industries Bharat Aluminium Company Limited (BALCO) 2006 211 359 429
Madras Aluminium Company Limited (MALCO)
2005 136 338 409
Public Sector National Aluminium Company Limited (NALCO) CAGR 10.9%
2004 129 198 388

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

• T
 he production of Aluminium has been growing at ‘000 Tonnes

over 10 per cent CAGR n Sterlite Group n Nalco n Hindalco

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

The Aluminium sector in India is concentrated among

three key players, and has been growing

Electrical, Automotive and Construction sectors are Aluminium Consumption by Sector in 2006
the key consumers
27%
31%

11%

18%
13%

n Electrical n Automotive
n Building & Construction n Packaging
n Others

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

The Copper industry has also shown steady growth

Key Applications: Production growing at 15% CAGR

• Wires Copper Production in India

• Cables 2008 708

2007 643
• A/C and Refrigeration Tubings
2006 522

2005 413

2004 402 CAGR 15.2%

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

‘000 tonnes

Source: ICRA Sector Analysis, June 2008

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

The Copper industry has also shown steady growth

Key User Sectors: Hindalco and Sterlite garner 90% of the output
• Telecom Copper Industry Market Share HCL

• Power 6%

• Engineering
• Auto
46%

• Consumer Durables
48%
• Defence

n Hindalco n Sterlite
n HCL
Source: ICRA Sector Analysis, June 2008

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

Zinc production and consumption have

been increasing, primarily for Galvanising

Production of Zinc Concentrates Zinc Market Segmentation

CAGR 15.7%
6%
2007-08 457.1
7%
2006-07 380.9

2005-06 297.9 14%

2004-05 238.6 57%

2003-04 254.5
16%

0 100 200 300 400 500

‘000 tonnes

n Galvanising n Castings
n Die Casting Alloys n Oxides and Chemicals
n Extruded products

Source: Industry analysts reports, October 2008

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

Zinc production and consumption have

been increasing, primarily for Galvanising

Zinc Consumption Zinc Products

2002 283 7%
CAGR 9.7%
2003 300

2004 340 23%

2005 375 37%

2006 410

0 100 200 300 400 500

33%
‘000 tonnes

n Tubes n Sheets
n Structurals n Wires

Source: Industry analysts reports, October 2008

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

India has very low penetration levels of key metals,

indicating high growth potential

India’s penetration levels are substantially lower, Per Capita Consumption of Steel
not only when compared to mature markets, but
also countries like China UAE 1314

Japan 649

Germany 469

USA 382

India 38

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

Kgs

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

India has very low penetration levels of key metals,

indicating high growth potential

Per Capita Consumption of Aluminium Per Capita Consumption of Copper

Japan 32
Japan 12

USA 31.9 N. America 9.8

Germany 31.6 Oceania 8.8

China 6.5 Europe 8.5

India 1.1 Asia 2.5

India 0.15
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Kgs 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Kgs

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

Government policies play an important role for the growth of the industry

The Government of India has taken up several policy

initiatives to boost the metals sector:
• F oreign equity holding allowed up to 100 per cent
on automatic route for all non-fuel, non-atomic
minerals except Diamond & Precious Stones
• 1 3 minerals that were reserved for the public sector
have been opened out for private sector investment.
These include iron ore, manganese ore, chrome ore,
sulphur, gold, diamond, copper, lead, zinc, molybdenum,
tungsten, nickel and platinum
• C
 ustoms duty on primary & Secondary metals
reduced from 15 per cent to 10 per cent

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

Government policies play an important role for the growth of the industry

• Steel
* The
 National Steel Policy (NSP) 2005 lays emphasis
on improving productivity, efficiency, cost, qualityand
product mix for accelerating growth in the
domestic production and consumption of steel
* Import duties on various steel products have been
reduced from 15 per cent to 10 per cent. Customs
duty on alloy and stainless steel reduced to
five per cent
* Duty
 on nickel reduced from five per cent
to two per cent, to help domestic stainless
steel manufacturers tackleincrease in global
raw material prices

Source: www.chemicals.nic.in/petro1.htm

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

Government policies play an important role for the growth of the industry

• Copper
* C
 opper and Copper products can be imported at
Zero Duty from Sri Lanka under the Free Trade
Agreement (FTA) with that country
* D
 uties on copper and copper products have been
progressively reduced – for example, customs duty
has been reduced from 35 per cent in 2001 to
10 per cent in 2006
Source: www.chemicals.nic.in/petro1.htm

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

The Metals sector in quite competitive,

but presents attractive growth options as well

Threat of New Entrants

• Supportive policy regime
• G
 rowing domestic market as well as exports,
across segments
Supplier Power
• Rich reserves of minerals, ores
• Growing, skilled manpower base
Competitive Rivalry
• Number of domestic players HIGH
• H
 ighly competitive in secondary and
downstream segments MEDIUM

Source: KPMG Analysis

LOW

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

The Metals sector in quite competitive,

but presents attractive growth options as well

Customer Power
• User industries experiencing strong growth
• Highly demanding customers
• W
 ide range of products, specifications to meet
different needs
Threat of Substitutes
• P
 lastics and other substitutes being tried out
in some user segments
• No viable substitute in a majority of usage areas
HIGH
Source: KPMG Analysis
MEDIUM

LOW

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

Many Indian players are looking at expanding capacities

• S terlite and Hindalco (Birla Copper) are looking at

adding significant smelting capacities in the coming
years. Birla Copper’s expansion plan to double
capacity from 250000 TPA to 500000 TPA will make
it one of the top 10 copper producers in the world
• B
 oth Sterlite and Hindalco have also acquired copper
mines (in Australia) to assure consistent supply
• T
 ata Steel, through its acquisition of Corus, became
the fifth largest steel producer in the world

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

Many Indian players are looking at expanding capacities

• T
 hough the sector is capital intensive, the growth
opportunity presented by the sector makes it
attractive for investment
• G
 etting into JVs or Strategic Alliances with Indian
players could be a winning proposition for new
investors to leverage this growth
Source: www.plastindia.org

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 AP P E N D I X
METALS • December 2008

Attractive States for investment

• R
 aw materials supply for key metals is concentrated in
certain states:
* Copper reserves – Bihar, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh
* Bauxite – Orissa, Chattisgarh, Karnataka
* Iron Ore – Orissa
• A
 ccess to raw materials supply, labour and energy
are key requirements for setting up operations in this
sector
• B
 ased on these factors, Orissa, Chattisgarh, Madhya
Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka could be
attractive locations for investment in the sector

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 AP P E N D I X
METALS • December 2008

Profile of Key Players

Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited (TISCO)

• T
 ISCO has diversified to manufacture, welded-steel
tubes, cold-rolled strips, seamless tubes, carbon and
alloy steel bearing rings, alloy steel ball bearing rings,
bearings, ferro manganese and ferro chrome
• It has become the fifth largest steel producer in the
world, after acquiring Anglo-Dutch steel company
Corus
• P
 lants - Jharkhand, Karnataka, Orissa, West Bengal,
Maharashtra

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 AP P E N D I X
METALS • December 2008

Profile of Key Players

Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL)

• G
 overnment of India has 86 per cent stake in the
company and it is the world’s 13th largest steel
producer
• Sales – US$ 11 billion in 2007-08
• M
 anufactures steel for domestic construction,
engineering, power, railway, automotive and defence
industries and for exports
• P
 lants - Bhilai, Bokaro, Durgapur, Rourkela, Salem,
Bhadravati

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 AP P E N D I X
METALS • December 2008

Profile of Key Players

Essar Steel
• P
 romoted by the mumbiai-based Essar group which
is into Power, Shipping, Oil & Gas, Construction and
Telecom
• Sales – US$ 2.9 billion in 2007-08
• O
 ffers over 300 customised grades of Steel and is on
the approved list of companies for supplies to some
of the world’s most renowned automotive companies
and Oil & Gas Pipeline projects
• Plants – Hazira,Vishakapatnam and Indonesia

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 AP P E N D I X
METALS • December 2008

Profile of Key Players

Jindal Iron and Steel Company Limited (JISCO)

• Leading company in Galvanised Steel Products
• Sales – US$ 1.3 billion in 2007-08
• Engaged in Hot Rolling, Cold Rolling and Galvanizing
• Plants - Vasind and Tarapur in Maharashtra
Hindustan Copper Limited (HCL)
• P
 ublic Sector Enterprise under the Ministry of Mines,
Government of India
• Sales – US$ 455 million in 2007-08
• T
 he company’s major activities include exploration,
mining beneficiation, smelting, refining and casting of
finished copper
• P
 lants - Khetri in Rajasthan, Jharkhand, Malanjkhand
in Madhya Pradesh, Taloj in Maharashtra

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 AP P E N D I X
METALS • December 2008

Profile of Key Players

Hindalco Industries Limited

• A flagship company of the Aditya Birla Group
• Turnover – US$ 4.8 billion in 2006-07
• S tructured into two strategic businesses-aluminium
and copper and is an industry leader in both these
segments
• It is the largest integrated aluminium manufacturer
in the country
• P
 lants - Renukoot, Muri, Belgaum, Hirakud, Alupuram,
Belur, Taloja, Silvassa, Kalwa and Dahej

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 AP P E N D I X
METALS • December 2008

Profile of Key Players

National Aluminium Company

Limited (NALCO)
• A public sector enterprise of the Government of India
• Net sales – US$ 1.4 billion in 2007-08
• A
 sia’s largest integrated aluminium complex,
encompassing bauxite mining, alumina refining,
aluminium smelting and casting, power generation,
rail and port operations
• C
 aptive power plant and aluminium smelter.
Rolled poducts unit at angul, alumina refinery
at Damanjodi, bauxite mines at Panchpatmali

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 AP P E N D I X
METALS • December 2008

Profile of Key Players

Sterlite Industries India Limited

• P
 art of Vedanta Resources, a London listed metals
and mining major with aluminium, copper and zinc
operations in UK, India and Australia
• Net sales- US$ 6.7 billion in 2007-08
• T
 he Group’s principal activity is to manufacture and
market cast copper rods, copper cathodes, aluminium
cold rolled products and conductors
• A
 copper producer with its own captive mines in
Australia and refinerius and smelter in India – Silvassa
refinery, Tuticorin smelter

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 AP P E N D I X
METALS • December 2008

Profile of Key Players

Hindustan Zinc Limited

• A
 part of Vedanta Resources, a London listed metals
and mining major with aluminium, copper and zinc
operations in UK, India and Australia
• Net sales – US$ 800 million in 2006
• O
 nly integrated zinc manufacturer in India and owns
captive Zinc mines that supply complete requirement
of zinc concentrate for its smelters
• M
 ines and smelters are spread across multi-locations
– Rajpura Dariba mine, Zawar mining complex,
Chanderiya smelter, Debari smelter,Vizag smelter,
Rampura Agucha mine

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 ME TA L S
December 2008

DISCLAIMER

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approval of IBEF.
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care has been taken during the compilation of this presentation
to ensure that the information is accurate to the best of the
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The Author and IBEF neither recommend or endorse any
specific products or services that may have been mentioned
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