Singapore Mathematical Society

Singapore Mathematical Olympiad (SMO) 2005

(Junior Section)

Tuesday, 31 May 2005

0930-1200

Important:

Answer ALL 35 questions.

Enter your answers on the answer sheet provided.

For the multiple choice questions, enter only the letters (a, b, c, d, or e) corresponding to the correct answers in the answer sheet.

For the other short questions, write your answers in answer sheet and shade the appropriate bubbles below your answers.

No steps are needed to justify your answers. Each question carries 1 mark.

No calculators are allowed.

1. What is the units digit of 75?

(a) 1; (b) 3; (c) 5; (d) 7; (e) 9.

2. What is the value of (0.5? + 3 x (0.5? x (-1.5) + 3 x (0.5) x (-1.5)2 + (-1.5?? (a) 1; (b) -1; (c) 0; (d) 2; (e) -2.

3. What is the last two digits of 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + ... + 2003 + 2004 + 2005? (a) 00; (b) 15; (c) 25; (d) 50; (e) 75.

4. How many zeroes does the number 50 x 49 x 48 x ... x 3 x 2 x 1 end with? (a) 8; (b) 9; (c) 10; (d) 11; (e) 12.

5. In a square ABCD, let P be a point on the side BC such that BP = 3PC and Q be the mid-point of CD. If the area of the triangle PCQ is 5, what is the area of triangle QDA?

p

pas

(a) S; (b) 10; (c) IS; (d) 20; (e) 2S.

6. The values of p which satisfy the equations

p2 + 9l + 3 p - pq = 30 p - Sq - 8 = 0

may be found by solving

(a) x2 - x - 6 = 0; (b) 13x2 - 121x - 426 = 0; (c) 29x2 - 101x - 174 = 0; (d) 29x2 + 11Sx - 1326 = 0; (e) 39x2 - 104x - 174 = O.

7. Using the digits 1,2,3,4 only once to form a 4-digit number, how many of them are divisible by II?

(a) 4; (b) S; (c) 6; (d) 7; (e) 8.

8. If a polygon has its sum of interior angles smaller than 200So, what is the maximum number of sides of the polygon?

(a) 11; (b) 12; (c) 13; (d) 14; (e) IS.

9. The last 2 digits of

200S + 200S2 + 200S3 + ... + 200S2005

IS:

(a) 00; (b) OS; (c) 2S; (d) SO; (e) 7S.

10. Suppose 3 distinct numbers are chosen from 1,2, ... , 3n with their sum equal to 3n. What is the largest possible product of those 3 numbers?

(a)n3-n; (b)n3; (e)n3+n; (d)n3-7n+6; (e)n3-7n-6.

11. Suppose a 1: 0, b 1: 0 and ~ = ~ = 200S. Find the value of ~:~.

12. Find the exact value of N when x = 20063 - 20043.

13. Suppose x - y = l. Find the value of

2

14. Simplify

(1 - iz)(1 - -b)(1 - dz)· .. (1 - ~) (1 - 4)(1 - ~)(1 - ~) ... (1 - 2dos) .

15. The figure ABCDEF is a regular hexagon. Evaluate the quotient

Area of hexagon ABCDEF Area of triangle ACD

16. Suppose x and yare two real numbers such that x + y = 10 and x2 + i = 167. Find the value of x3 + l.

17. Find the value (in the simplest form) of ~9 + 4 YS - ~9 - 4 YS.

18. If x> 0 and (x + 1.)2 = 25, find the value of x3 + ~.

x x

19. The diagram shows a segment of a circle such that CD is perpendicular bisector of the chord AB. Given that AB = 16 and CD = 4, find the diameter of the circle.

D

~

A

c

B

20. A palindrome number is the same either read from left to right or right to left, for example, 121 is a palindrome number. How many 5-digit palindrome numbers are there together?

21. Let p be a prime number such that the next larger number is a perfect square. Find the sum of all such prime numbers. (For example, if you think that 11 and 13 are two such prime numbers, then the sum is 24.)

22. In the figure below, if

LA + LS + LC + LD + LE + LF + LG = x degrees,

then what is x?

3

.. _ ..

B

G

D

F

23. Given that x = 2as = 3b2 where a and b are positive integers, find the least possible value of x.

24. If x2 + x-I = 0, find the value of X4 - 3x2 + 3.

25. In the diagram, AB / / EF / / DC. Given that AC+BD = 250, BC = 100 and EC+ED = 150, find CF.

D

A

E

B

F

c

26. Find the sum of all possible values of a such that the following equation has real root in x: (x - a)2 + (x2 - 3x + 2)2 = 0.

27. If two positive integers m and n, both bigger than 1, satisfy the equation 20052 + m2 = 20042 + n2,

find the value of m + 11.

28. Suppose a 1= 0, b 1= 0, c 1= ° and f, = ~ = ~. Find the value of

4

29. n dots are drawn on the circumference of a circle. By joining all the dots to one another by straight lines , the maximum number of regions that can be formed in the circle is counted. For example, when n = 4, the maximum number of regions is 8.

What is the maximum number of regions that can be formed when n = 7?

30. You walk a spiraling maze on the Cartesian plane as follows: starting at (0,0) and the first five stops are at A (1,0), B (1,1), C (0,1), D (-1,1) and E (-1,0). Your ninth stop is at the point (2, -1) and so on (see the diagram below). What is the x-coordinate of the point which you would arrive at on your 2005-th stop?

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -:- - - - - - - --1- - - - - - - - r - - - - - - - -:- - - - - - - -1- - - - - - - - - - --

I I I I I

I I I I I

I I I I I

I I I I I

I , I I I

I I I I I

I I I I I

---- -------+--___.,__-__._-___.~-_.-------"-------- ----

iA

-- _- -- -1--- - - -- - ----

- -- - - -- - - - - +-----e,__--4 ... ,__-...._----4II~- .... - - - -- -- - ---

5

-

--

31. In the following figure, AD = AB, LDAB = LDCB = LAEC = 90° and AE = 5. Find the area of the quadrangle ABCD.

A

B

D

c

E

32. Suppose that a, b, c are distinct numbers such that

(b - a)2 - 4(b - c)(c - a) = 0,

find the value of b-c.

C-[l

33. Find the number of even digits in the product of the two fO-digit numbers

2222222222 x 9999999999.

34. Find an integer x that satisfies the equation

XS - 10lx3 - 999x2 + 100900 = O.

35. Determine the second smallest prime factor of

13 + 1 23 + 1 33 + 1 20053 + 1 --+--+--+ ... +----

1+1 2+1 3+1 W~+l

6