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Ingeniería y desarrollo

Universidad del Norte


ingydes@uninorte.edu.co
ISSN (Versión impresa): 0122-3461
COLOMBIA

2008
Oscar J. Reyes Ortiz / Javier Camacho Tauta
INFLUENCIA DE LA GRANULOMETRÍA EN LA RESISTENCIA AL
AHUELLAMIENTO DE MEZCLAS ASFÁLTICAS
Ingeniería y desarrollo, enero-junio, número 023
Universidad del Norte
Barranquilla, Colombia
pp. 26-42

Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina y el Caribe, España y Portugal

Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México

http://redalyc.uaemex.mx
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