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USER’S MANUAL
Programs of Multi-Di@g family is not possible install on the windows 9x/me operating system.
If you install the program into a computer with windows 2000, windows XP or windows Vista operation systems,
you must have administrator rights.
14.5.2007
ATAL spol. s r.o., Lesní 47, 390 01 Tábor - Horky, Czech Republic změna návodu vyhrazena
Phone: +420 381 256 392, 381 251 791; Fax: +420 381 253 043
e-mail: atal@atal.cz; web: http://www.atal.cz
DIAGNOSTICS_MANUAL_EN.DOC
CONTENTS
Diagnostics_manual_en.doc —2—
Contents
Diagnostics_manual_en.doc —3—
Chap. I - Multi-Di@g Office - Basic User’s Manual
1. INTRODUCTION
Multi-Di@g is a multi-make diagnostic system for the diagnostics of electronic control units.
Multi-Di@g enables the diagnostics of older types of vehicles, vehicles fitted with the EOBD system and
complies with the requirements for the diagnostic globalization based on the Pass Thru device.
Multi-Di@g is a part of the modular system which can be extended with an oscilloscope, an emission analyser
or opacimeter.
2. IMPORTANT NOTICE
3. AMBIENT CONDITIONS
Windows 2000/XP/Vista Processor: Intel Pentium 400 MHz compatible and faster
VGA 800x640/16bits RAM 256 MB (minimum), 512 MB (recommended)
CD ROM drive Free RS 232 or USB port
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Chap. I - Multi-Di@g Office - Basic User’s Manual
5. WASTE DISPOSAL
6. MULTI-DI@G - VARIANTY
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Chap. I - Multi-Di@g Office - Basic User’s Manual
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Chap. I - Multi-Di@g Office - Basic User’s Manual
6.2.2 TABLET PC
TABLET PC is a PC-based diagnostic terminal. Its ergonomics and robustness and its control by means of
touch screen fulfils high requirements for the use in the workshop.
6.2.2.2 WARRANTY LIMITATION FOR MULTI-DI@G HANDY AND MULTI-DI@G HANDY PLUS
6.2.2.3 FRONT SIDE VIEW OF THE TABLET PC (CONTROL AND INDICATION ELEMENTS)
1. 8.4 inch TFT SVGA LCD Display with Touch Screen Control Panel:
2. Internal Microphone:
3. Status LEDs:
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Chap. I - Multi-Di@g Office - Basic User’s Manual
The above 10 quick access buttons are used for navigating applications in the Microsoft Windows XP
environment (or relevant OS) and to setup the System BIOS Utility in DOS mode (alternative
function).
• The Quick Reference table below illustrates the Button, its alternative Function, and a brief
Function Description while in the System BIOS Utility in DOS Mode
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Chap. I - Multi-Di@g Office - Basic User’s Manual
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Chap. I - Multi-Di@g Office - Basic User’s Manual
34. Infra-Red:
Enables infra red devices such as, PDAs, cell phones, Tablet PCs etc.
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Chap. I - Multi-Di@g Office - Basic User’s Manual
The Tablet PC can be powered using either the built in battery or the AC Power Adapter plugged into any
grounded AC power outlet.
The primary source of power for the Tablet PC is a Lithium-Ion battery pack. The battery pack will first need to
be installed on the underside of the Tablet PC. After following the battery installation instructions below, plug the
AC adapter into any electrical outlet and the Tablet PC will begin recharging immediately. In the future, you
should not have to access the battery pack unless you wish to replace it with a fresh one.
Note:
• The Battery LED lights green when charging and will turn off when the battery is fully charged (see
pos.3b - Fig. 4 or Fig. 12).
• When charging the first time, it is recommended that the battery be allowed to charge for no less than
eight hours.
• It will take a longer time to complete the charging process, if the user is using the Tablet PC at the
same time.
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Chap. I - Multi-Di@g Office - Basic User’s Manual
Note:
• Before the change of the battery, the device must be SWITCHED OFF!
• Do not short-circuit the outlets of the battery.
• The battery shall be replaced with the battery of the same type.
• Battery must be charged only from the network adapter! Do not use standard battery
chargers.
• Charge in the ambient temperature of 10°C to 40°C.
• To prolong the effective life of the battery, we recommend to charge the battery to 100% (not
partially) after it is fully discharged (the so-called formatting of the battery).
• Turn the Tablet PC on using the power switch or begin recharging using the AC Adapter cord (see
Fig. 12).
When connecting the Tablet PC to external power (see Fig. 15 and Fig. 12):
• Plug the DC power cord into the DC jack on the Tablet PC.
• Plug the 3-prong AC power adapter cord into a grounded electrical outlet.
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Chap. I - Multi-Di@g Office - Basic User’s Manual
In case you need to extract the Tablet PC from protective cover follow the recommended procedure in order to
avoid whatever damage to hardware. You can see the procedure either in the series of pictures (Fig. 16 and
Fig. 17) or as a video clip (in AVI or WMV format). The videos are available on the CD under item
„presentation\video“ and can be replayed with Windows Media Player or other:
a) „tablet_pc-assembly.avi“ or „tablet_pc-disassembly.avi“
b) „tablet_pc-assembly-en.wmv“ or „tablet_pc-disassembly-en.wmv“
Note:
If you cannot process the AVI file correctly, you may not have the proper video codec installed on your
computer. You can find the codec installation on the CD (“programs/Codec/codecs6012_allin1.exe“) or
download it from ATAL www pages (http://www.atal.cz/codec/codecs6012_allin1.exe)
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Chap. I - Multi-Di@g Office - Basic User’s Manual
Fig. 16 – Step-by-step guide to extraction of Tablet PC from protective cover (see also a video on CD)
Fig. 17 – Step-by-step guide to insertion of Tablet PC into protective cover (see also a video on CD)
Multi-Di@g VCI (see Fig. 18) is a hardware interface enabling the communication with the vehicle’s ECU
according to the following protocols:
• ISO 9141
• ISO 14230 (KWP 2000)
• ISO 11519-4
• ISO 15765 (CAN)
• SAE J2534 (Pass Thru device)
Multi-Di@g VCI complies with the requirements for the diagnostics globalization based on the Pass Thru device
according to SAE J2534.
Multi-Di@g VCI is fitted with the indication LED diode (see Pos.1-Fig. 18). The red-lighting LED indicates the
presence of the supply voltage from the vehicle’s battery. The green-lighting LED indicates the communication
establishing, or the communication in process between Multi-Di@g VCI and the vehicle’s control unit.
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Chap. I - Multi-Di@g Office - Basic User’s Manual
Compared with Multi-Di@g Handy, Multi-Di@g Access (see Fig. 19) does not include the diagnostic terminal
Tablet PC. It is necessary to use the self PC (desktop, notebook). The computer should fulfil the following
requirements:
• Windows 2000/XP/Vista
• CD ROM drive
• HDD with free capacity of 1GB
• RAM 256 MB (minimum), 512 MB (recommended)
• Free RS 232 or USB port
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Chap. II - Multi-Di@g Family programs – install., control and configuration
The attached CD contains all the necessary software for the use of Multi-Di@g system including the
accompanying files such as user’s manuals, prospectuses and the most used service procedures.
Insert the CD in your CD-ROM drive. If the CD does not run automatically, run the autorun.exe program
which you will find on the CD.
You need to have administrator rights in order to install Multi-Di@g Office under Microsoft Vista. Anyway under
some circumstances the installation may fail. In such a case we recommend to temporarily disable the UAC
(User Access Control):
Procedure:
Go to "Control panel" (Start / Control panel), select "User accounts" and switch the "User Access Control" to
off.
Fig. 20 – Off / On the User Account Control (UAC) - Windows Vista - Start / Control panel / ...
Fig. 21 – Off / On the User Account Control (UAC) - Windows Vista – Restart your computer
It is highly recommended to switch the function to on as soon as you finish the installation.
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Chap. II - Multi-Di@g Family programs – install., control and configuration
Multi-Di@g Office installations (see Chap. 3.1) and Multi-Di@g are connected to each other, Multi-Di@g
installation is started automatically once Multi-Di@g Office is installed.
Installation of the newly recognised hardware (HW) is described in Chap. Chap. III - .
The following set of images comes from the installation wizard for the Windows XP operation system. The
Windows Vista wizard is similar:
Fig. 22 – Menu for Multi-Di@g Office installation (the right is reserved to Click “Next” to proceed with the installation
change the Fig.)
Fig. 23 – Installation will continue as soon as the license conditions are Fig. 24 – Select the setup type
agreed on
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Chap. II - Multi-Di@g Family programs – install., control and configuration
Fig. 27 – Installing of Multi-Di@g Office Fig. 28 – Information on the configuring installed components ...
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Chap. II - Multi-Di@g Family programs – install., control and configuration
Alternative:
Note to Pos.1:
1 Checking the box "Add to Startup folder" will
cause an automatic start of the Multi-Di@g Office
application after computer power up.
The check box appears for the profile ATAL
(see Fig. 26).
After successful program installation, a new Multi-Di@g program group is created (see Fig. 31), or updated if it
already exists. A Multi-Di@g icon (see Fig. 32) is placed on the desktop.
Note to:
A warning of the OS Windows informs that the
installed driver was not certified by Microsoft. This
notification can be displayed in the process of
installation several times and it is possible to ignore it
without any concerns!
To start the program up, click on the Multi-Di@g icon on the monitor desktop (see Fig. 32) or on the Multi-Di@g
Office option from the „Start\Programs“ program group (see Fig. 31). After the initialisation screens, basic
screen appears (see Fig. 34).
Control program is intuitive and makes use of custom Windows operating system.
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Chap. II - Multi-Di@g Family programs – install., control and configuration
2
1) VIN code (Vehicle Identification
1 Number)
2) List of available vehicles (the list is
being updated with each new version of
software)
3) Bar of configuration icons
Bar of configuration icons (for
description see Chap 3.1.2.2)
Fig. 34 – Basic screen Multi-Di@g Office (the right is reserved to change the Fig.)
1 2 3 4 5 6
Fig. 35 – Configuration icons in basic screen of Multi-Di@g Office
Note:
The virtual keyboard is part of the operating system which is installed in default configuration. If
it is not available in your computer ask the computer administrator for help.
2 User’s manual
The manual for application is displayed. In case the currently selected language is not available
English version of the document is used.
3 Program configuration – see Chap. II - 3.1.3
Setting of basic configuration of installed applications, (like language version, etc.)
4 Website of Multi-Di@g
Runs the default Windows Internet browser and connects to Multi-Di@g pages. Downloading of
updates is possible.
5 Report printing of Multi-Di@g
Allows to see the list of available reports from Multi-Di@g diagnostic sessions with the possibility
to print the selected items.
6 Exit (Cancel)
Multi-Di@g Office is closed.
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Chap. II - Multi-Di@g Family programs – install., control and configuration
Click the button (pos.3, Fig. 35) and the configuration screen appears (see Fig. 36). An example of selecting
the application language is provided in Fig. 37.
Fig. 36 – Configuration screen – basic parameters Fig. 37 – Configuration dialogue box, specifically for the application
language selection (in this case changed from Czech into English) -
step 1st
Fig. 38 – Configuration dialogue box, specifically for the application Fig. 39 – Configuration dialogue box, specifically for the application
language selection (in this case changed from Czech into English) - language selection (in this case changed from Czech into English) -
step 2nd step 3rd
Warning:
For the „Czech Republic“ installation site only (see Fig. 24) and profile ATAL (see Fig. 26).
Click the button (pos.3, Fig. 35) and the configuration screen appears (see Fig. 40).
Select from menu „Multi-Di@g Configuration“ and Selection confirm (see Fig. 41)
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Chap. II - Multi-Di@g Family programs – install., control and configuration
Click the Communication interface button (see the cursor in Fig. 42) to display a new menu (see Fig. 43) in
which the communication channel for the communication of Multi-Di@g and the computer is set up. At this
moment the interface does not have to be connected physically therefore this setting is carried out manually (no
automatic choice of interface is available).
Fig. 42 – Multi-Di@g configuration dialogue box, specifically for Fig. 43 – Selection of the available communication ports on the PC
the interface selection (when selecting USB – see „Note for the USB “ in. Chap 3.1.5 and Fig. 52)
Click VCI serial number button (see the cursor in Fig. 44) to display a new dialogue box in which you enter the
interface serial number (see Fig. 45 – SN:044931 49/04) in the blue-highlighted text box (A000000).
Fig. 44 – Multi-Di@g configuration dialogue box, specifically for the Fig. 45 – VCI Serial Number dialogue box (write in the blue-
VCI serial number entering highlighted text box)
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Chap. II - Multi-Di@g Family programs – install., control and configuration
By clicking the Application language button (see the cursor in Fig. 46) the Application language dialogue box is
displayed.
Fig. 46 – Multi-Di@g configuration dialogue box, specifically for the application language selection
Fig. 47 – Configuration dialogue box, specifically for the application language selection (in this case changed from English into Czech)
Click this button (see the cursor in Fig. 48) to display the dialogue box that is prepared for further use.
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Chap. II - Multi-Di@g Family programs – install., control and configuration
Click this button (see the cursor in Fig. 49) Option (screen resolution) dialogue box is displayed.
After the successful programs installation, a new Multi-Di@g program group is formed (see Fig. 50), or the
group already formed by another program is completed and a Multi-Di@g Office icon (see Fig. 51) appears on
the desktop of the screen
To start the program up, click on the Multi-Di@g icon on the monitor desktop (see Fig. 51) or on the Multi-
Di@g Office option from the „Start\Programs“ program group (see Fig. 50).
Control program is intuitive and makes use of custom Windows operating system.
An example how to start the diagnostics is given in Chap. II - 3.1.6.1 and Chap. II - 3.1.6.2.
Upon entering the VIN Code (see pos.1-Fig. 53) you will get directly to the appropriate vehicle mark and
possibly also vehicle type. After vehicle type selection (see pos.2-Fig. 54) the list of systems available for
diagnostics (viz Fig. 55).
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Chap. II - Multi-Di@g Family programs – install., control and configuration
Then the diagnostics itself can start (see Fig. 56) either as a global test (see pos. 3a-Fig. 55) – which is vehicle
ECUs overview – or directly (using mouse double-click) with a desired system (see pos 3b-Fig. 55).
1
2
Fig. 53 – Select a car brand in terms of VIN Code Fig. 54 – Select a car type
3b
4
3a
Fig. 55 – Running global test or desired system diagnostics Fig. 56 – Report on communication
a) First select a car brand from list of available vehicles (see pos.1-Fig. 57)
Fig. 57 – Select a car brand from list of available vehicles Fig. 58 – Select a car type
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Chap. II - Multi-Di@g Family programs – install., control and configuration
c) Finally the diagnostics itself can start (see Fig. 56) either as a global test (see pos. 3a-Fig. 55) – which
is vehicle ECUs overview – or directly (using mouse double-click) with a desired system (see pos 3b-Fig. 55).
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Chap. III - NEWLY RECOGNISED HARDWARE (HW) INSTALLATION
After you have successfully installed any program from the Multi-Di@g family and you then connect any USB
device from the ATAL company to your computer, information about new hardware (HW) will appear in the
form of a Windows “Info tip” (see Fig. 59).
Note:
The language of the Wizard will correspond to your language version of Windows.
Fig. 59 – Examples of info tips about the detection of a new device (Windows XP)
If any problems occur with the installation a new device (e.g. missing drivers), another info tip appears.
Fig. 60 – Info tip informing about a problem with the installation of the new device (Windows XP)
After the new device has been installed successfully, a final Info Tip appears about successful installation (see
Fig. 61)
Fig. 61 – Info tip about the successful installation of the device (Windows XP)
Note:
The language of the Wizard will correspond to your language version of Windows.
The following series of figures was taken from the installation wizard for the Windows XP operating system. The
wizard for Windows Vista is similar:
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Chap. III - NEWLY RECOGNISED HARDWARE (HW) INSTALLATION
Fig. 62 – New Hardware Found Wizard (Windows XP). Proceed with the installation by clicking “Next”
Fig. 64 – Click on "Finish" to complete the installation Fig. 65 – Info tip about the successful installation of the device
(Windows XP)
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Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
After the appropriate ”Car make selection“, another window appears with the menu “Car type selection“ (see
Fig. 66).
In this step you select the car type and adapter. According to this choice, the communication type with the
control unit is automatically selected.
In this case a 16 pin connector OBD II and a SAE J1850 protocol have been selected.
Animated indication 8
Establishing (or active) communication with the vehicle
Cursor keys 7
for the selection in the menu
F7 Function key 4
offering to switch to another application
(e.g. Multi-Di@g Scope)
Fig. 66 – View of the screen when selecting an adapter based on the car type
After the appropriate „Car type selection“ and the „Respective adapter selection“, click the ENTER key (
- note 4 Fig. 67) and go to the next menu - „Control unit type selection“ (see Fig. 67).
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Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
Animated indication 8
Establishing (or active) communication with the vehicle
Cursor keys 7
for the selection in the menu
F7 Function key 4
offering to switch to another application (e.g. Multi-Di@g
Scope)
Fig. 67 – View of the screen when selecting the control unit type
As the next step in this case of car type selection, you shall select some other identification data of the control
unit. This selection is dependent on the individual software of the specific control unit.
Animated indication 8
Establishing (or active) communication with the vehicle
Cursor keys 7
for the selection in the menu
F7 Function key 4
offering to switch to another application
(e.g. Multi-Di@g Scope)
Selection menu 1
The selection is made by F1 to F7 Function keys 3
clicking on the selected item (counted from the left)
or by selecting the item and with the current menu.
confirming it with In this case an information button appears offering to
ENTER key terminate the application.
Fig. 68 – View of screen when you specify the control unit type
Note:
If an appropriate adapter has not been selected yet (see Chap. IV - 1 - Fig. 66), you can do it now. Otherwise
the communication with the control unit may not be established.
Before you start the control unit diagnostics, it is necessary to connect the adapter to a respective diagnostic
connector. To locate the connector on the vehicle, click the function key F3 (see Fig. 69).
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Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
Note:
Vehicles made since 2002 should be equipped with OBD connectors that are located within driver’s reach.
Animated indication 8
Establishing (or active) communication with the vehicle
Cursor keys 7
for the selection in the menu
F7 Function key 4
offering to switch to another application
(e.g. Multi-Di@g Scope)
Fig. 69 – View of screen when locating the diagnostic connector on the vehicle
If the diagnostic connector has more locations, other function keys appear (see Fig. 70), which specify the
location. At the same time, the connector is graphically shown with its identification and the connection of
important pins, such as the power supply, frame or K - L line location on the connector.
Note:
If an appropriate adapter has not been selected yet (see Chap. IV - 1 - Fig. 66), you can do it now. Otherwise
the communication with the control unit may not be established.
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Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
F4 Function key
with the current menu.
Return (Undo) key 6
In this case an information
button appears offering you to In the basic menu it
further specify the location of finishes the program.
the diagnostic connector
on the vehicle.
F3 Function key
with the current menu
In this case an information
button appears offering you to
further specify the location of
the diagnostic connector
on the vehicle.
Fig. 70 – View of the screen with the specification of the diagnostic connector location and the connection of pins in the connector
The control of Multi-Di@g program is intuitive; you shall follow the instructions on the PC display (see Fig. 71).
If the program does not establish communication with the control unit, a respective warning comes up informing
you about a possible problem.
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Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
Information window
Information window
Fig. 71 – View of the screen with the control unit diagnostics started. There is an error message about the failure of establishing the communication
The functionality allows to see the information that the ECU receives from particular sensors understand
the way the input data is processed and interpreted and finally what are the commands given to actuators.
Number and type of available parameters depends on the ECU and vehicle configuration (engine,
production line, etc.).
The parameter screen consists of list of parameter name followed by its value passed from the ECU.
Physical quantities that allow direct measurement are usually provided directly in their physical units, e.g.
battery voltage in volts, injection time (the time interval when the injector is driven open) in milliseconds, etc.
Other quantities are measured indirectly using some conversion mechanism. Usually this yields
displaying the associated electric quantity (like throttle position as position sensor voltage), sometimes both the
electric and the converted values are provided (coolant temperature might be in both centigrade and volts on
temperature sensor).
Still other parameters have relative units (might be steps ranging 0 to 255). Interpretation of the value may
not be straightforward and manufacturer information should be consulted in case of need.
And finally there are quantities possessing two or more states (fuel pump relay might be in open or closed
state, the engine ECU could or could not receive valid immobilizer signal, etc.).
The combination of vehicle and system should be properly selected in Multi-Di@g Office and the diagnostics
started (see Chap. II - 3.1.6.1).
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Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
Fig. 72 – Selecting Parameters from ECU functions list Fig. 73 – Parameter screen for Opel Astra-F
Confirmation (ENTER) 5
Funkction key F7 4
allows to switch into other application
(e.g. Multi-Di@g Portal)
5a
1 2 3 4 6 7 8
5b
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Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
4 SAVE button
Current configuration of parameter order, active flags and graph flags is temporarily saved in
memory. The data is lost when different parameter-like function is entered or communication
is finished.
5a LOAD button – inactive
Button is inactive because no saved configuration is available.
6 Graph +
Current parameter is selected for graphical representation. Up to four parameters may be
selected. Trying to add the fifth one automatically deselects that with number one and
renumbering takes place (see Fig. 76).
7 Graph —
Current item is removed from list of parameters for graphical representation.
8 Graph presentation
Switches the screen into the form of graph for selected parameters with optional setting of some
properties (like time scale).
1 1
2 1
3 2
4 3
5 4 5
Fig. 76 – Trying to select 5th parameter results in automatic removal of the 1st and item renumbering
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Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
START/STOP indicator
Current status:
Green = measurement is active
Red = measurement is stopped
10
11 12 13 14
Fig. 78 – Description of icons in graph local menu Fig. 79 – Icons for setting graph time scale
9 Setup button
Local menu is displayed to allow further configuration
10 START/STOP indicator
Indicates the state of measurement (green = active, red = inactive) and with double-click
the user can toggle the current state (see positions 1 and 2 in Fig. 80).
11 Time scale button
Using the button and the following submenu (see Fig. 79) allows changing time
(horizontal) axis scale).
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Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
14 Export to PDF
Current graph is exported into the PDF file which is located in My Documents\Multi-
Di@g\Log folder. Name is in the form „Graph 10-05-2007 18-22-29.pdf“ (where current
date and time is encoded).
This feature can be used with advantage during road test or when the printer is not
currently available. Later inspection and further processing is possible.
Remark:
The files are deleted after 14 days; you should copy files of interest into other location
without hesitation.
The PDF files can be viewed with Acrobat Reader 5 or later. The program is available
from Adobe and is provided for free.
Fig. 80 – Interruption in measurement yields in a break in graph Fig. 81 – All parameters in one common graph
Parameters (names and current values) can be printed on Windows default printer. Just press F6
button (see Fig. 77).
Fig. 82 – Printed parameters in text form Fig. 83 – Printed parameters in graphical representation
Diagnostics_manual_en.doc — 37 —
Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
The program enables to switch to another application, e.g. to Multi-Di@g Scope (or to other applications that
will be available in time) by clicking the button (see the cursor in Fig. 84).
Fig. 84 – Demonstration of the switching to another application (in this case only Multi-Di@g Scope is available)
Note:
If no application is available, this button will not appear.
4. PROGRAM TERMINATION
The program can be terminated by clicking the icon (see the cursor in Fig. 85) until the confirming dialogue
box informing about the application termination comes up (see Fig. 85). This button can be replaced by clicking
the ESC key (on the right-hand side of your keyboard – see Fig. 87).
When this function key appears, you can terminate the application by clicking it and then confirming
the dialogue box.
Diagnostics_manual_en.doc — 38 —
Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
Fig. 86 – Another possibility of the Multi-Di@g program termination using the function key
Another possibility of the termination of the application is the use of the key combination ALT + F4 if there is no
active communication with the vehicle.
Fig. 87 – Another possibility of the Multi-Di@g program termination using the key combination
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Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
5. DIAGNOSTIKA - VOLKSWAGEN
5.2 ASSEMBLY
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Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
6. DIAGNOSTICS - OPEL
6.2 ASSEMBLY
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Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
7. DIAGNOSTICS - LADA
7.2 ASSEMBLY
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Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
8.2 ASSEMBLY
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Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
9. DIAGNOSTICS - RENAULT
9.2 ASSEMBLY
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Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
10.1 INTRODUCTION
The EOBD (Euro-On-Board-Diagnostic) is the European version of the American system OBD (On-Board-
Diagnostic) which has been designed for monitoring the composition of exhaust gases and for reducing the
emission contents in them.
The regulations concerning EOBD diagnostics control the methods of testing the electronic control functions
used on the modern vehicle engine system with regard to the exhaust gas emissions. This electronic testing
aims at a continuous minimum presence of pollutants in the exhaust gases discharged by motor vehicles in
operation.
As early as in the 1980s, the central part of California suffered from a heavy air pollution due to the high level of
the automobile traffic. On the grounds of the pollution, the local politicians then adopted the strictest and most
detailed technical regulations regarding motor vehicles of that time. Moreover, the motor vehicles manufacturers
were obliged to observe much stricter technical requirements concerning exhaust systems.
The first OBD Standard (OBD-I) was introduced in 1988. The main progress at that time was to be seen in the
testing of all electrical components related to the exhaust gas composition by the electronic system build into
the vehicle. If a fault is found in the system, the vehicle’s driver will be informed with an optical signal (engine
indicator lamp).
The OBD-II System is in force in the US with effect from January 1996. In comparison with the OBD-I System,
the major efficiency improvement regarding the emission control system of exhaust gases can be observed in
the fact that, besides the electrical components, it also controls all the other systems and processes which affect
exhaust gases emissions. During the vehicle operation, this system checks and ensures in particular the correct
function of the exhaust catalytic converter and the fuel system.
In 1998, in the Annex of the EU Guideline 98/69/ES, the obligation of installing the emission control systems for
the exhaust gases discharged by motor vehicles was first enacted. Thus, the EOBD System, that is the OBD-II
adjusted for Europe, was introduced, while the US experience was the basis for its design.
The motor vehicles with spark-ignition engines must be fitted with the EOBD system:
• With effect from January 1, 2000, all new vehicles with the new Operating License of M1 and N1
Groups, 1st Category (max.2500 kg)
• With effect from January 1, 2001, all new vehicles of M1 and N1 Groups, 1st Category (max. 2500
kg)
• With effect from January 1, 2001, all new vehicles with the new Operating License of M1 and N1
Groups, 2nd & 3rd Categories (min.2500 kg)
• With effect from January 1, 2002, all new vehicles of M1 and N1 Groups, 2nd & 3rd Categories (min.
2500 kg)
The motor vehicles with compression-ignition engines must be fitted with the EOBD system:
• With effect from January 1, 2003 all new vehicles with the new Operating License of M1 Group (max
6 seats and max 2500 kg)
• With effect from January 1, 2004 all new vehicles of M1 Group (max. 6 seats and max 2500 kg)
• With effect from January 1, 2005 all new vehicles with the new Operating License of M1 and N1
Groups, 1st Category (max.6 seats)
• With effect from January 1, 2006 all new vehicles of M1 and N1 Groups, 1st Category (max.6 seats)
• With effect from January 1, 2006, all new vehicles with the new Operating License of M1 and N1
Groups, 2nd & 3rd Categories (min.2500 kg)
• With effect from January 1, 2007, all new vehicles of M1 and N1 Groups, 2nd & 3rd Categories (min.
2500 kg)
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The principle of EOBD consists in finding significant faults in relation to exhaust gases and in their indication by
means of MIL indicator lamp (Malfunction Indicator Lamp) on the instrument board. It is based on the
assumption that the pollutant contents will be low if the components affecting their reduction operate without
faults. This solution has the advantage of the possibility of fault finding on the components under consideration
with the use of one’s own diagnostic system.
Since the engine control of the vehicle can suffer from faulty functions that would affect emissions in a negative
way actually without driver’s taking any notice of the failure (e.g. it may happen that catalytic converter(s) are
destroyed as a result of misfiring), the EOBD systems have been fitted with additional controlling functions
provided for the fault memory reading. The additional controlling functions enable to read much more data from
the fault memory than any former methods used for fault finding have ever done. This method provides the
means for continuous checking of the essential vehicle systems, components and processes as follows:
• lambda probes
• misfiring
• exhaust gas recirculation
• fuel tank ventilation system
• fuel system
• components and structural groups affecting emissions
• control units
If the values are not diagnosed as conform to the specified tolerances, the respective fault code will be stored in
the ROM memory. In case any fault affecting emissions is repeated, the MIL indicator lamp will light up. This
indicator lamp should indicate the fault of the component or the system controlling the content of exhaust gases
if such a defect affects the increase of pollutant contents in the exhaust gases so as to exceed the limits set
down by the respective guideline.
The EOBD regulations specify the diagnostic instrument which shall meet certain criteria. In this connection,
several terms needed hereafter for the EOBD diagnostic description shall be explained here:
• communication protocol – description of the communication between the device and the control unit
• diagnostic MODE – description of the device operation – i.e. parameter reading, fault memory reading,
fault memory erasing…etc., some diagnostic MODEs consist of PIDs or TIDs
• PID – Parameter Identification – parameter name
• TID – Test Identification – test name
• OBDMID – On-Board Diagnostic Monitor Identification – monitored parameter name
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Communication protocols for the EOBD diagnostic enable multiple control units on the vehicle to communicate
simultaneously. Multi-Di@g is able to recognize any communication protocol allowed in EOBD.
Some of the MODEs can be further divided into individual PIDs (parameters) or TIDs (tests) or OBDMIDes
(parameters), where the possible selection of parameters or tests will be determined by the control unit itself.
Most PID, TID and OBDMIDes names are specified in the regulations concerning EOBD diagnostics and are
part of the device software. However, in case the diagnostic instrument is not familiar with the PID (TID,
OBDMID) specified by the control unit, it will assign a text to it, e.g. PID 21 (TID 21, OBDMID 21), and after this
item has been selected, the content of the message received from the control unit will be dumped.
Vehicles conform to the EOBD regulations should be fitted with a uniform standardized diagnostic connector.
It’s the 16-pin OBD connector which is located in driver’s area.
10.3.2 DIAGNOSTICS
Choose „EOBD” in basic menu. Follow with communication protocol selection (auto detection is available).
As soon as the ignition has been switched on and the message has been confirmed, the Multi-Di@g will try to
enter into communication with all the control units in the vehicle that support the EOBD diagnostics. The first to
appear on the display is the control units list which will be then displayed in the menu of diagnostic MODEs
under an item with the identical name. The verbal description related to the individual addresses of control units
will be supplied by the software of the device in accordance with the regulations concerning EOBD 1.
If the instrument fails to enter into communication with any control unit supporting the EOBD diagnostics, a fault
message will appear on the display. The possible causes of this can be either a switched-off ignition of the
vehicle or the fact that the vehicle is not conform to the regulations concerning the EOBD.
When the communication is entered into, the Multi-Di@g offers the following items:
• Control unit list
• 01 - Measuring values
• 02 - Operating conditions
• 03 - Fault memory dump
1
Some vehicle manufacturers do not observe the addresses for individual control units, as specified by the Standard (e.g. with the vehicle
make of RENAULT, the engine control unit appears under the 7A address, which is not the address appropriated for the engine control unit
by the Standard).
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After the selection of this item, the addresses and the verbal descriptions of all control units of the vehicle which
have responded to the enquiry of the EOBD diagnostics and further communicate with the device will be
displayed. During the diagnostic activity the changes in responses from different electronics are carried out by
pressing the „Confirm“ key.
This item is not the EOBD diagnostic MODE, it helps you find your way among the vehicle control units
addresses.
This is the first diagnostic MODE which enables us to read some of the PIDs (parameters) from the control
units. The EOBD diagnostics regulations define 30 PIDs.
One of the most important PIDs of the EOBD diagnostics shall be stressed here, i.e. PID 1 –Diagnostic
System State. Having selected this item, the Multi-Di@g will display the MIL indicator lamp state, number of
faults stored in the memory, and the information about the additional tests provided by the control unit software
and their state. It shall be noted again, that if more electronics appear on the control unit list, one can page them
by pressing the „Confirm“ key.
The PIDs (parameters) are to be read from the control units, as in the case of the previous MODE. Yet, with this
mode you will not read the virtual (immediate) values, but those stored in the memory according to the given
fault origin. The stored parameters are related to the most significant fault, whose number can be read after
choosing the Fault number - PID 2 item.
This is a classical diagnostic function on the vehicles with the injection and ignition controlled systems. At the
beginning of the fault memory reading, the fault system state for each control unit is indicated – i.e. the number
of faults and the MIL indicator lamp state. In compliance with the EOBD diagnostics regulations, the diagnostic
instrument knows the texts of most fault messages, yet it may happen that the vehicle (control unit)
manufacturer uses a fault message that is not conform to the Standard specification. In that case only the fault
number is displayed and it is necessary to consult the vehicle manufacturer’s service documentation.
This is also a classical function – Fault memory erasing which is carried out with the stopped engine.
Therefore, after the item selection, the Multi-Di@g waits for the engine stopping and then the fault memory
erasing is carried out. If the memory is successfully erased, the message reporting successful command
execution appears, otherwise the Multi-Di@g displays the faults remaining in the memory.
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This diagnostic MODE is intended for the lambda probe testing. By measuring the individual lambda probe
signals, the control unit can display some essential parameters according to which the quality of sensors can be
evaluated. 9 TIDs are described in the regulations as follows (see Fig. 93):
• 01 – Rich - poor transition voltage
• 02 – Poor - rich transition voltage
• 03 – Low level of the decision voltage
• 04 – High level of the decision voltage
• 05 – Rich - poor transition time
• 06 – Poor - rich transition time
• 07 – Minimum voltage on the lambda probe
• 08 – Maximum voltage on the lambda probe
• 09 –Time between transitions
Other TIDs are not defined in the regulations and it is necessary to consult their names in the vehicle
manufacturer’s service documentation.
Control units manufacturers use a number of methods for the quality assessment of the exhaust gases,
therefore the parameters of some of the lambda probes are sometimes different. The parameters which will be
displayed for individual sensors are determined by the control unit.
This diagnostic EOBD function can be replaced with the following MODE.
This MODE is designed for accessing the test results of discontinuously controlled systems and components for
the EOBD diagnostics, such as the catalytic converter activity monitoring or fuel tank ventilation monitoring.
Following the item selection, the Multi-Di@g will display the potential TIDs – also OBDMIDs in case of ISO
15765-4(CAN) – which are familiar to the control unit and then it displays a component number for each TID as
well as the measured value and its possible maximum or minimum.
The test result of the continuously controlled systems and components are the fault messages, as known from
the diagnostic MODE 03. However, there is a difference as MODE 07 is intended for the system test after a
repair has been made and the diagnostic data have been erased (MODE 04). If the tests of the continuously
controlled components result in a fault after one driving cycle, it will occur in the MODE 07, yet the component
fault is not signalled in MODE 03. If the defect still keeps occurring during the following driving cycles, the fault
in the system is indicated.
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Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
While operating this function, we will be informed about the control results of systems and components. The
EOBD diagnostics regulations define this MODE only with TID 01 – the tightness test of the fuel evaporation
system, other cases are referred to in the vehicle manufacturer’s service documentation.
This is the diagnostic MODE similar to the function of Control unit identification. The standard defines 3 PIDs:
• Vehicle identification (VIN – Vehicle Identification Number)
• Software identification
• Software verification numbers (CVN – Calibration Verification Number)
10.5 ASSEMBLY
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11.2 ASSEMBLY
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12.2 ASSEMBLY
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Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
13.2 ASSEMBLY
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14.2 ASSEMBLY
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Chap. IV - Diagnostics of car
15.2 ASSEMBLY
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