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Model Documentation
• The model is documented in two ways:
• Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD)
• Supporting text.
• The components of Business Object Modeling are explained below, along with how they are represented on the
ERD.
Entities ENTITY
Representation: Entities are displayed in a rectangle with capital letters and are named with nouns or noun
phrases.
Definition: An entity represents a category of things that exist within the business. They have
independent existence.
Entity ENTITY
Hierarchies ENTITY
SUPER TYPE
SUB TYPE A
ENTITY
SUB TYPE B
Associative
Entities ENTITY 1 relates to ENTITY 2
ASSOCIATIVE
ENTITY
Representation: Relationships are named with verbs or verb phrases and are displayed in a diamond with
lower case letters. Use the ‘*’ to start your sentence.
Definition: An association between two things. It cannot exist by itself, without the entities. NOTE: an
entity occurrence does not have to participate in a relationship.
Complex
Relationships ENTITY 1 relates to ENTITY 2
in ENTITY 3
Representation: To read, start with the ‘*’ and read to the blank entity link first. Then read to the entities with
the additional words on the entity links.
Definition: A relationship among more than two things.
Multi-Member
Relationship ENTITY 1 relates to ENTITY 2
Links
ENTITY 3
Relationship
<ROLE>
Roles ENTITY 1 relates to ENTITY 2
Relationships
Representation: Parentheses on a relationship link: ( )
Definition: On some relationship links, only an entity that plays a specific role will participate in the
relationship. Although the entity participates in a role, it is not defined by its participation in the
relationship.
Entity
ENTITY 1 relates to ENTITY 2
Representation: Only values are: “1” for one or “M” for many. They are placed next to the relationship
diamond.
Definition: Indicates how many times a single entity occurrence can participate in a relationship.
Cardinality for a
ENTITY 1 relates to
Relationship ENTITY 2
Relationship Cardinality
Representation: Only values are: “1” for one or “M” for many. They are placed next to the entity.
Definition: Indicates how many entity occurrences can participate in a single relationship occurrence.
Attributes
Representation: None. They are captured and documented in the text.
Definition: A descriptive characteristic of an entity or a relationship. Can also be:
• Unique (U): one or a combination of attributes uniquely identifies an entity or relationship
occurrence.
• Repeating (R): for one entity or relationship occurrence, an attribute may have multiple
values.
• Derivable (D): the value of the attribute is calculated from other attributes.