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Al Hospital Central de la Fuerza Aérea del Perú en especial al Servicio de Otorrinolaringología

por permitir el desarrollo del presente trabajo y a cada una de las personas que colaboro
desinteresadamente en su culminación.

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Justificación: La presbiacusia es una entidad nosológica cuya prevalencia cada vez es mayor ,
debido al envejecimiento de la población. Nuestra finalidad es evaluar la prevalencia de la
presbiacusia en el Hospital de la Fuerza Aérea del Perú, así como la implicación del sexo,
factores de riesgo cardiovasculares y relación de la vivienda y de su ubicación.
Pacientes y Método: Se inició un estudio transversal con 330 pacientes mayores o de 50
años que acudieron a realizarse la prueba de audiometría.
Resultados: La prevalencia de la presbiacusia fue del 26%, predominando en el sexo
femenino, aunque no fue una asociación estadísticamente significativa, con una edad media en el
momento del estudio de 71 años. Solo 3 pacientes presbiacúsicos refirió consumo de tabaco en
los últimos años, y tan sólo 6 pacientes de alcohol.
Se comprobó que la hipertensión no es factor de riesgo para presbiacusia
Se estableció como factor de riesgo la ubicación y tipo de vivienda.
Conclusiones: Se confirma la alta prevalencia de la entidad, sin predominio significativo en
mujeres. El tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad es variable en el momento del diagnóstico.
Destacamos la ausencia de relación entre la hipertensión arterial, el consumo de tabaco y
alcohol y la presbiacusia, así como el resto de factores de riesgo estudiados excepto ubicación y
tipo de vivienda.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Presbiacusia. Factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Hipertensión
arterial. Diabetes Mellitus

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primaria. Acta Otorrinolaringo Esp 1996;47: 213.

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