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 Ejercicio 3:

Hallar el polinomio de interpolación de Lagrange para f ( x )=ln ( x ), en los


puntos x 0=1 ; x1 =1.25; x 2=1.5 ; x 3=1.75
Solución:
1° PASO:
f ( x )=ln ( 1 )=0
0

f ( x )=ln ( 1.25 ) =0.22314


1

f ( x )=ln ( 1.5 ) =0.40546


2

f ( x )=ln ( 1.75 ) =0.55962


3

Valores Y
0.6 0.56

0.5

0.41
0.4

0.3
0.22
0.2

0.1

0
0
0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8
2° PASO:
Hallemos el polinomio de interpolación de Lagrange:
P ( x ) =L0 ( x ) ( 0 ) + L1 ( x ) ( 0.22314 ) + L2 ( x ) ( 0.40546 ) + L3 ( x ) ( 0.55962 ) … ..(¿)

Donde los multiplicadores de Lagrange son:


( x−1.25 )( x−1.5 ) ( x−1.75 ) x3 −4.5 x 2+ 6.6875 x−3.28125
L0 ( x ) = =
(1−1.25 ) (1−1.5 ) (1−1.75 ) −0.09375

3 2
( x−1 ) ( x−1.5 ) ( x −1.75 ) x −4.25 x +5.875 x−2.625
L1 ( x ) = =
( 1.25−1 )( 1.25−1.5 )( 1.25−1.75 ) 0.03125

( x−1 ) ( x−1.25 ) ( x −1.75 ) x 3−4 x 2+ 5.1875 x−2.1875


L2 ( x ) = =
( 1.5−1 )( 1.5−1.25 )( 1.5−1.75 ) −0.03125

( x−1 ) ( x−1.25 ) ( x−1.5 ) x 3−3.75 x 2 +4.625 x−1.875


L3 ( x ) = =
( 1.75−1 )( 1.75−1.25 )( 1.75−1.5 ) 0.09375

3° PASO:
Reemplazamos en (*) tenemos:

x 3−4.5 x 2 +6.6875 x−3.28125 ( ) x 3−4.25 x 2 +5.875 x−2.625 ( x 3−4 x 2 +5.1875 x −


P x=
( ) ( −0.09375
0+ ) (
0.03125
0.22314 +
)
−0.03125 ) (
P ( x ) =0.13472 x 3−0.83168 x 2 +2.25022 x−1.55326

 Ejercicio 5:

Hallar el polinomio interpolador de Lagrange para cierta función f si tenemos:


f (−1 ) =1; f ( 0 )=−1 ; f ( 2 ) =2; f ( 3 )=2
Si tomamos:

f (−1 ) =1; f ( 0 )=−1 ; f ( 2 ) =2; f ( 3 )=2


x 0=−1 ; x 1=0 ; x 2=2; x 3=3

Entonces:

( x−0 )( x−2 )(x −3) x 3−5 x 2+ 6 x


L0 ( x ) = =
( 1−0 ) ( 1−2 ) (1−3) 2

( x−(−1))(x −2)( x−3) x 3−4 x2 + x +6


L1 ( x ) = =
( 0−(−1) ) (0−2)(0−3) 6

( x−(−1))( x−0)(x−3) x 3−2 x 2−3 x


L2 ( x ) = =
( 2−(−1) ) ( 2−0)(2−3) −6

( x−(−1))( x−0)(x−2) x 3−x 2−2 x


L3 ( x ) = =
( 3−(−1) ) (3−0)(3−2) 12

Reemplazando:

x 3−5 x 2 +6 x ( ) x 3−4 x 2+ x +6 ( ) x 3−2 x 2−3 x ( ) x 3−x 2−2 x


P x=
( ) 1+ −1 + 2+ ( 2)
2 6 −6 12

x 3−8 x 2 +21 x −6
P ( x) =
6

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