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-<- 06;?9*37;06 90 7+07*0123 07 *6;0<36 A *074*36 90 ,3 -<@?;34*:7 4100<-6 B?0 06 90 C*;3, *<@-1;374*3 0,
06;?9*- 90 ,3 9<*7*6;134*:7 A3 B?0 ,3 <*6<3 06 ?7*C0163, A 06 3@,*4393 ;-936 ,36 9*64*@,*736 4*07;2D*436 A 7-
4*07;2D*436% @0631 90 B?0 7?06;1-6 *7;010606 60 E3637 07 4?06;*-706 ;F47*436 A ;047-,:+*436 0, -EC*31 0, 43<@-
39<*7*6;13;*C- 60123 90G31 ?7 +137 3E*6<- 07 7?06;1- @1-406- 90 3@1079*83G0%

-1 ;3, <-;*C- H0<-6 0,3E-139- 0, @10607;0 ;13E3G- 0, 4?3, @10;0790 931 3 4-7-401 36@04;-6 D?793<07;3,06 90,
43<@- 90 ,3 9<*7*6;134*:7 A 3 ,3 C08 H3401 ?7 07D-B?0 07 ?73 0;3@3 90, 1-406- 9<*7*6;13;*C- 07 06@042D*4- ;3,
4-<- ,- 06 ,3 *1044*:7%

3 *1044*:7 4-<- @31;0 ID?793<07;3,J 90, 1-406- 9<*7*6;13;*C- 06 0, 4-138:7 90 ,36 344*-706 90 4?3,B?*01
39<*7*6;139-1 ,- B?0 H340 B?0 6? 06;?9*- 07 06@042D*4- 603 <?A *<@-1;37;0 @313 4?3,B?*01 @016-73 B?0 90600 601,-%


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4-740@;- ?7*C0163, B?0 C31*-6 3?;-106 3,10909-1 90, <?79- H37 90D*7*9- 4-<-

‘ , 1% 0-1+0 % 011A 90D*70 39<*7*6;134*:7 4-<- I3 39<*7*6;134*:7 4-76*6;0 07 ,-+131 B?0 60 H3+37 ,36
4-636 <09*37;0 -;136 @016-736J%
‘ (--7;8 A K-770,, 7-6 93 ,3 6*+?*07;0 90D*7*4*:7 90 39<*7*6;134*:7 I3 9*1044*:7 90 ?7 -1+37*6<- 6-4*3, A
6? 0D04;*C*939 07 3,437831 -EG0;*C-6 D?79393 07 ,3 H3E*,*939 90 4-79?4*1 3 6?6 *7;0+137;06J%
‘ % ,?6HL-C M6 ?7 9*6@-6*;*C- B?0 -1+37*83 A 103,*83 ,3 ;136D-1<34*:7 -1907393 90 ,3 *7D-1<34*:7 104*E0
,3 *7D-1<34*:7 90, -EG0;- 90 9*1044*:7 ,3 @1-4063 A ,3 ;1376<*;0 E3G- ,3 D-1<3 7040631*3 @313 ,3 +06;*:7
103,*8379- 06;0 @1-406- 4-7;*7?3<07;0M%
‘ % $% % 104H M6 ?7 @1-406- 6-4*3, B?0 ,,0C3 4-76*+- ,3 106@-763E*,*939 90 @,37031 A 10+?,31 07 D-1<3
0D*4*07;0 ,36 -@0134*-706 90 ?73 0<@1063 @313 ,-+131 ?7 @1-@:6*;- 939-M%
‘ % %
--70A M6 0, 31;0 - ;F47*43 90 9*1*+*1 0 *76@*131 3 ,-6 90<56 4-7 E360 07 ?7 @1-D?79- A 4,31-
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4-<- M,3 ;F47*43 90 10,34*-731 ,-6 90E0106 - D?74*-706 06@042D*436 07 ?7 ;-9- 4--19*739-M%
‘ 0;016-7 379 ,-N<37 M73 ;F47*43 @-1 <09*- 90 ,3 4?3, 60 90;01<*737 4,31*D*437 A 103,*837 ,-6
@1-@:6*;-6 A -EG0;*C-6 90 ?7 +1?@- H?<37- @31;*4?,31M%
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B?0 60 @106;37 6037 90E*93<07;0 4--19*739-6 07 0, ,-+1- 90, D*7 90 ,3 0<@1063M%
‘ 071A $3A-, '4-76*90139- 4-<- 0, C0193901- @3910 90 ,3 <-90173 9<*7*6;134*:7) 9*40 B?0 M39<*7*6;131
06 @10C01 -1+37*831 <37931 4--19*731 A 4-7;1-,31M%
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31O ,3 4-74*E0 4-<- M-93 344*:7 0743<*7393 3 4-7C01;*1 ?7 @1-@:6*;- 07 103,*939
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103,*834*:7 90 ?7 @1-@:6*;-M%
‘ 1--L 93<6% 3 43@34*939 90 4--19*731 H5E*,<07;0 <?4H36 0701+236 6-4*3,06 4-7 D104?074*3 4-7D,*4;*C36
07 ?7 6-,- -1+37*6<- @313 B?0 0,,36 @?0937 -@0131 4-<- ?73 6-,3 ?7*939%

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,3 @,37*D*434*:7 -1+37*834*:7 9*1044*:7 A 4-7;1-, 90 ,-6 104?16-6 'H?<37-6 D*7374*01-6 <3;01*3,06 ;047-,:+*4-6 0,
4-7-4*<*07;- 0;4%) 90 ,3 -1+37*834*:7 4-7 0, D*7 90 -E;0701 0, <5O*<- E070D*4*- @-6*E,0Q 06;0 E070D*4*- @?090 601
04-7:<*4- - 6-4*3, 90@079*079- 06;- 90 ,-6 D*706 @0160+?*9-6 @-1 ,3 -1+37*834*:7%

064-<@-7*079- ,3 90D*7*4*:7 37;01*-1 60 ;*070

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-1+37*834*:7Q D*G31 -EG0;*C-6 ,36 06;13;0+*36 A @-,2;*436 -1+37*834*-73,06 ?6379- 4-<- H0113<*07;3 0,

3@3 06;13;F+*4-Q ;-9- 06;- ;07*079- 07 4?07;3 ,36 D-1;3,0836R90E*,*93906 90 ,3 -1+37*834*:7 A ,36
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<56 3S-6) 0, <09*37- @,38- '07;10 c A 3S-6) A 0, 4-1;- @,38- 9-790 60 906311-,,3 0, @106?@?06;- 37?3,
<56 90;3,,393<07;0% 7 ,3 34;?3,*939 ,-6 43<E*-6 4-7;*7?-6 +070139-6 @-1 D34;-106 6-4*3,06 @-,2;*4-6
4,*<5;*4-6 04-7:<*4-6 ;047-,:+*4-6 +070137 ?7 07;-17- ;?1E?,07;- 9-790 ,3 @,37*D*434*:7 60 9*D*4?,;3 A 60
34-1;37 ,-6 @,38-6 90 ,3 <*6<3 A -E,*+37 3 ,36 -1+37*834*-706 3 10C*631 A 1090D*7*1 6?6 @,3706 07 D-1<3
6*6;0<5;*43 A @01<3707;0%
‘ 1+37*831 06@-790 3 ,36 @10+?7;36 TU?*F7V C3 3 103,*831 ,3 ;3103 *<@,*43 9*60S31 0, -1+37*+13<3 90 ,3
-1+37*834*:7 90D*7*079- 106@-763E*,*93906 A -E,*+34*-706Q T4:<-V 60 C3 3 103,*831 ,3 ;3103Q T4?579-V 60 C3
3 103,*831Q <09*37;0 0, 9*60S- 90 1-406- 90 70+-4*- ?16-+13<36 B?0 06;3E,0407 ,3 D-1<3 07 B?0 60
90E07 103,*831 ,36 ;31036 A 07 B?0 604?074*3 ;0<@-13,Q 07 90D*7*;*C3 -1+37*831 06 4--19*731 A 6*741-7*831%
‘ *1*+*1 6 ,3 *7D,?074*3 - 43@34*939 90 @016?36*:7 0G014*93 @-1 <09*- 90, *90138+- 6-E10 ,-6 *79*C*9?-6
@313 ,3 4-7604?4*:7 90 ,-6 -EG0;*C-6 D*G39-6Q E3639- 06;- 07 ,3 ;-<3 90 904*6*-706 ?6379- <-90,-6 ,:+*4-6
A ;3<E*F7 *7;?*;*C-6 90 -<3 90 904*6*-706%
‘ -7;1-,31 6 ,3 <09*4*:7 90, 9060<@0S- 90 ,- 0G04?;39- 4-<@31579-,- 4-7 ,-6 -EG0;*C-6 A <0;36 D*G39-6Q
60 90;04;37 ,-6 906C2-6 A 60 ;-<37 ,36 <09*936 7040631*36 @313 4-110+*1,-6% , 4-7;1-, 60 103,*83 3 7*C0,
06;13;F+*4- 7*C0, ;54;*4- A 3 7*C0, -@013;*C-Q ,3 -1+37*834*:7 07;013 06 0C3,?393 <09*37;0 ?7 6*6;0<3 90
-7;1-, 90 +06;*:7Q @-1 -;1- ,39- ;3<E*F7 60 4-7;13;37 3?9*;-1236 0O;01736 9-790 60 373,*837 A 4-7;1-,37
,36 9*D0107;06 51036 D?74*-73,06 90 ,3 -1+37*834*:7%
‘ , -EG0;- 90 06;?9*- 90 ,3 9<*7*6;134*:7 6-7 ,36 -1+37*834*-706Q @-1 ,- ;37;- 06 3@,*43E,0 3 <@10636
@1*C3936 A @WE,*436Q 76;*;?4*-706 @WE,*436 A -1+37*6<-6 06;3;3,06 A 3 ,36 9*6;*7;36 *76;*;?4*-706 @1*C3936%
-1 0G0<@,- *+,06*36Q ?7*C016*93906Q +-E*017-6 A -1+37*6<-6 <?7*4*@3,06 @1-C*74*3,06 734*-73,06Q
H-6@*;3,06Q D?7934*-706 0;4%Q A 3 ;-9-6 ,-6 ;*@-6 90 0<@10636 @1*C3936Q 0 *74,?6- ,36 D3<*,*36 A H-+3106%

3 9<*7*6;134*:7 60 10,34*-73 06;104H3<07;0 4-7 -;136 4*074*36 4-<- ,3 4-7-<23 -7;3E*,*939 6*4-,-+23
-4*-,-+23 -,2;*43
3;0<5;*436 6;3926;*43Q ;3<E*F7 4-7 ,3 7;1-@-,-+23 *6;-1*3 0-+13D23 A $*,-6-D23%

;*<-,:+*43<07;0 H3E,379- ,3 @3,3E13 9<*7*6;134*:7 901*C3 90, 3;27 


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  6*+7*D*43 601C*4*- 90 ,- B?0 909?40 ,3 *903 90 06;31 3, 601C*4*- 90 3,+- - 3,+?*07% -1 G0<@,- 0, 06;31 3,
601C*4*- 90 ,3 6-4*0939 H34*F79-,3 <56 @1-9?4;*C3 '0D*4*074*3) @313 0, 4?<@,*<*07;- 90 6?6 -EG0;*C-6 '0D*434*3)%

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O*6;07 9*D*4?,;3906 3, 10<-7;3160 3, -1*+07 90 ,3 H*6;-1*3 90 ,3 39<*7*6;134*:7% ,+?7-6 0641*;-106 10<-7;37 0,
906311-,,- 90 ,3 39<*7*6;134*:7 3 ,-6 4-<014*37;06 6?<01*-6 A 3 ,-6 0+*@4*-6 37;*+?-6 4-76;1?4;-106 90 ,36 @*15<*906
- 3 ,-6 <F;-9-6 -1+37*83;*C-6 90 ,3 +,06*3 A ,36 <*,*4*36 37;*+?36% *7 0<E31+- <?4H36 0<@10636 @10*79?6;1*3,06
9393 6? 0643,3 @0B?0S3 7- 60 607;237 -E,*+3936 3 H3401 D107;0 6*6;0<5;*43<07;0 3 ,36 3@,*434*-706 90 ,3
39<*7*6;134*:7%

36 *77-C34*-706 ;3,06 4-<- ,3 0O;076*:7 90 ,-6 7W<01-6 513E06 '07;10 ,-6 6*+,-6  A .) A ,3 3@31*4*:7 90 ,3
4-7;3E*,*939 90 @31;*93 9-E,0 07 c @1-@-14*-731-7 ,36 H0113<*07;36 @313 0, @,3703<*07;- A 0, 4-7;1-, 90 ,3
-1+37*834*:7 A 90 06;3 D-1<3 0, 734*<*07;- D-1<3, 90 ,3 39<*7*6;134*:7% *7 0<E31+- 06 07 0, *+,- .. 4?379-
3@310407 ,36 @1*<0136 @?E,*434*-706 9-790 60 H3E,3E3 90 ,3 39<*7*6;134*:7 90 <37013 4*07;2D*43 A 0, @1*<01
340143<*07;- 90 ?7 <F;-9- B?0 104,3<3E3 ?1+074*3 9393 ,3 3@31*4*:7 90 ,3 10C-,?4*:7 *79?6;1*3,%

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,+?7-6 @*07637 07 ,3 39<*7*6;134*:7 <-90173 4-<- ?73 9*64*@,*73 B?0 4-<078: 4-<- ?7 C56;3+- 90 ,3 04-7-<23
07 0, 6*+,- ..% -6 04-7-<*6;36 4,56*4-6 ;3,06 4-<- 93< <*;H A -H7 ;?31;
*,, @1-@-14*-731-7 ?7 D-79- ;0:1*4-
3 ,3 36*+734*:7 90 ,-6 104?16-6 3 ,3 @1-9?44*:7 A 3 ,3 D*G34*:7 90 @104*-6% , <*6<- ;*0<@- *77-C39-106 4-<- ,*
&H*;70A 3<06 &3;; A
3;;H0N -?,;-7 906311-,,31-7 H0113<*07;36 ;F47*436 90 @1-9?44*:7 ;3,06 4-<- ,3
06;37931*834*:7 @1-409*<*07;-6 90 4-7;1-, 90 43,*939 4-7;3E*,*939 373,2;*43 A @,3703<*07;- 90, ;13E3G-% 313 D*706
90, 6*+,- .. F-7 &3,136 ,D109
316H3,, A -;1-6 04-7-<*6;36 *7;1-9?G01-7 ?73 7?0C3 43@3 90 4-<@,0G*939 3 ,-6


@1*74*@*-6 ;0:1*4-6 90 ,3 9<*7*6;134*:7% -60@H &H31;-7 -D104*: 0, @1*<01 4?16- 90 7*C0, ;014*31*- 6-E10
9<*7*6;134*:7 07 c##c%

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?137;0 0, 6*+,- .. ,3 39<*7*6;134*:7 D?0 0C-,?4*-7379- 07 ,3 <09*93 07 B?0 ,36 -1+37*834*-706 D?01-7 H34*F79-60
<56 4-<@,0G36 A ,36 4*074*36 4-<- ,3 *7+07*0123 ,3 6-4*-,-+23 ,3 @6*4-,-+23 ,3 ;0-123 90 6*6;0<36 A ,36 10,34*-706
*79?6;1*3,06 D?01-7 906311-,,579-60%

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3 064?0,3 90 ,3 39<*7*6;134*:7 60 906311-,,: 07 %% 9?137;0 ,-6 +-E*017-6 90 ,-6 @106*907;06 % --60C0,; A
&*,6-7% 7 06;0 4-7;0O;- 7340 ,3 064?0,3 90 ,3 ;0-123 4,56*43 6;3 64?0,3 60 9*C*90 07 4?3;1- 4-11*07;06 @1*74*@3,06
06;36 9*6;*7;36 064?0,36 ;13;37 90 06;3E,0401 @1*74*@*-6 90 3@,*434*:7 ?7*C0163, 373,*8379- ,3 73;?13,083 A 06;1?4;?13
90 ,3 9<*7*6;134*:7 

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,10909-1 90, c 074-7;13<-6 3 0<@10631*-6 B?0 *7;07;37 931 3 6?6 ;0-1236 ?73 E360 4*07;2D*43% -6 0G0<@,-6
*74,?A07 3 M4*0740 -D <373+0<07;M 90 071A -N70 90 c# M3 9<*7*6;134*:7 4*07;2D*43M 90 $10901*4L &*76,-N
3A,-1 'ccc) M, 06;?9*- 3@,*439- 90, <-C*<*07;-M 90 $137L A *,,*37 *,E10;H 'cc/)% 7 cc !-*4H* 07- *7;1-9?G-
0, 3A,-1*6<- 07 3@:7 A 60 4-7C*1;*: 07 0, @1*<01 4-76?,;-1 07 39<*7*6;134*:7 90 0<@10636 07 41031 0, I06;*,-
3@-7F6 90 9<*7*6;134*:7J% ? H*G- 4H*1- 07- D?0 ?7 @*-701- 90 ,3 +3137;23 90 43,*939 G3@-7063% 313 ,3 9F4393
90 c H340 6? 3@31*4*:7 0, D-19*6<- 6*+?*079- ,36 *9036 90 071A $-19 0, D?7939-1 90 ,3 $-19
-;-1 -<@37A%

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06 104-7-4*9- 4-<- 0, D?7939-1 90 ,3 064?0,3 4,56*43 90 ,3 39<*7*6;134*:7 D?0 0, @1*<01- 07 6*6;0<3;*831 0,
4-<@-1;3<*07;- +01074*3, A 06;3E,04*: ,-6 c @1*74*@*-6 90 ,3 39<*7*6;134*:7 07 6? ,*E1- I 9<*7*6;134*:7 79?6;1*3, A
07013,J

‘ ?E-19*734*:7 90 *7;010606 @31;*4?,3106 -1 074*<3 90 ,-6 *7;010606 90 ,-6 0<@,039-6 06;57 ,-6 *7;010606
90 ,3 0<@1063%
‘ 7*939 90
379- 7 4?3,B?*01 ;13E3G- ?7 0<@,039- 6:,- 90E015 104*E*1 :190706 90 ?7 6?@01*-1%
‘ 7*939 90 *1044*:7 7 6-,- G0D0 A ?7 6-,- @,37 @313 ;-9- +1?@- 90 34;*C*93906 B?0 ;07+37 ?7 6-,-
-EG0;*C-% 6;3 06 ,3 4-79*4*:7 06074*3, @313 ,-+131 ,3 ?7*939 90 344*:7 4--19*734*:7 90 06D?018-6 A 07D-B?0%
3 ?7*939 90 <379- 7- @?090 93160 6*7 ,3 ?7*939 90 9*1044*:7 @01- 7- 60 901*C3 90 06;3%
‘ 07;13,*834*:7 6 ,3 4-7407;134*:7 90 ,3 3?;-1*939 07 ,-6 3,;-6 137+-6 90 ,3 G0131B?23%
‘ 0131B?23 3 439073 90 G0D06 C3 90690 ,3 <5O*<3 3?;-1*939 3 ,-6 7*C0,06 <56 *7D01*-106 A ,3 1328 90 ;-936
,36 4-<?7*434*-706 C37 3 @3131 3 ,3 <5O*<3 3?;-1*939%
‘ *C*6*:7 90, ;13E3G- B?*010 904*1 B?0 60 90E0 06@04*3,*831 ,36 ;31036 3 906311-,,31 A 3, @016-73, 07 6?
;13E3G-%
‘ ?;-1*939 A 106@-763E*,*939 6 ,3 43@34*939 90 931 :190706 A 06@0131 -E09*074*3 90 ,-6 90<56 06;-
+07013 <56 106@-763E*,*93906%
‘ *64*@,*73 6;- 90@0790 90 D34;-106 4-<- ,36 +3736 90 ;13E3G31 ,3 -E09*074*3 ,3 909*434*:7 A ?7 4-1104;-
4-<@-1;3<*07;-%
‘ 0<?70134*:7 @016-73, 0 90E0 ;0701 ?73 63;*6D344*:7 G?6;3 A +3137;*8393 @313 ,-6 0<@,039-6%
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‘ 1907 -9- 90E0 06;31 90E*93<07;0 @?06;- 07 6? ,?+31 A 07 6? 6*;*- 06;0 -1907 06 ;37;- <3;01*3, 4-<-
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‘ B?*939 <3E*,*939 A G?6;*4*3 @313 ,-+131 ,3 ,03,;39 90, @016-73,%
‘ 6;3E*,*939 A 9?134*:7 90, @016-73, 07 ?7 431+- 3A B?0 931,0 ?73 06;3E*,*939 3, @016-73,%
‘ 7*4*3;*C3 *070 B?0 C01 4-7 ,3 43@34*939 90 C*6?3,*831 ?7 @,37 3 60+?*1 A @-901 360+?131 0, FO*;- 90 06;0%
‘ 6@21*;? 90 0B?*@- 3401 B?0 ;-9-6 ;13E3G07 907;1- 90 ,3 0<@1063 4-7 +?6;- A 4-<- 6* D?0137 ?7 0B?*@-
H340 ,3 D-1;3,083 90 ?73 -1+37*834*:7%

‘ ‘‘‘‘
6;3 064?0,3 @,37;03 B?0 ,3 9<*7*6;134*:7 7- 90E0 E363160 6-,- 07 ,3 0O@01*074*3 @154;*43 B?0 07?74*31-7 ,-6
*7*4*39-106 90 ,3 9<*7*6;134*:7 6*7- B?0 60 90E07 103,*831 *7C06;*+34*-706 @313 4393 436- 07 @31;*4?,31 A 07 ?7
90;01<*739- <-<07;-Q ;3<E*F7 @,37;037 ,3 0760S3783 @-1 <09*- 90 436-6 103,06%

‘ ‘
, 6-4*:,-+- 3,0<57
3O &0E01 'c# X c) @076379- B?0 ;-93 -1+37*834*:7 9*1*+*93 3 3,437831 <0;36 A
4-<@?06;3 @-1 <*,06 90 *79*C*9?-6 10B?0123 ?7 06;104H- 4-7;1-, 90 6?6 34;*C*93906 906311-,,: ?73 ;0-123 90 ,3
39<*7*6;134*:7 90 E?1-4134*36 B?0 6?E13A3E3 ,3 70406*939 90 ?73 G0131B?23 90D*7*93 07 ;F1<*7-6 <?A 06;1*4;-6 A
10+*93 @-1 10+,3<07;-6 A ,27036 90 3?;-1*939 90D*7*9-6 4-7 ;-93 4,31*939% -76*9013E3 B?0 ,3 -1+37*834*:7 *903, 013
?73 E?1-4134*3 4-7 34;*C*93906 A -EG0;*C-6 06;3E,04*9-6 <09*37;0 ?7 138-73<*07;- @1-D?79- A 4-7 ?73 9*C*6*:7 90,
;13E3G- 90;3,,393 0O@,24*;3<07;0% &0E01 ;3<E*F7 @0763E3 B?0 ,3 4-<@0;074*3 ;F47*43 ;0723 +137 *<@-1;374*3 A B?0
,3 0C3,?34*:7 90 ,-6 106?,;39-6 90E0123 06;31 ;-;3,<07;0 D?793<07;393 07 ,-6 <F1*;-6% 0 @*0763 B?0 ,36
E?1-4134*36 6-7 -1+37*834*-706 C36;36 0 *<@016-73,06 B?0 4-740907 <56 *<@-1;374*3 3 ,3 0D*4*074*3 *<@016-73,
B?0 3 ,36 70406*93906 H?<3736% &0E01 4-<- ;-9-6 ,-6 ;0:1*4-6 90 ,3 39<*7*6;134*:7 4*07;2D*43 @10;07923 <0G-131
,-6 106?,;39-6 90 -1+37*834*-706 *<@-1;37;06 @313 ,3 6-4*0939 H34*079- B?0 6?6 -@0134*-706 D?0137 @10904*E,06 A
@1-9?4;*C36% * E*07 3H-13 4-74090<-6 ;37;- C3,-1 3 ,36 *77-C34*-706 A ,3 D,0O*E*,*939 4-<- 3 0D*4*074*3 A ,3
6?640@;*E*,*939 3, @1-7:6;*4- 0, <-90,- 90 ,3 39<*7*6;134*:7 90 E?1-4134*36 90 &0E01 60 390,37;: 4,313<07;0 3
,36 4-1@-134*-706 +*+37;06436 4-<- $-19% &0E01 @0763E3 B?0 0, @3;1:7 @31;*4?,31 90 10,34*-706 B?0 @10607;3E3 ,3
E?1-4134*3 013 <?A @1-<*6-1*-%

å‘‘ ‘‘
3 064?0,3 90 ,36 0,34*-706 ?<3736 6?1+*: 07 @31;0 90E*9- 3 B?0 0, 07D-B?0 4,56*4- 7- ,-+13E3 6?D*4*07;0
0D*4*074*3 @1-9?4;*C3 7* 31<-723 07 0, 407;1- 90 ;13E3G-% 6;- H*8- B?0 3?<07;313 0, *7;01F6 @-1 3A?931 3 ,-6
+0107;06 3 <370G31 4-7 <56 0D*434*3 ,-6 04?16-6 H?<37-6 90 6?6 -1+37*834*-706% 31*-6 ;0:1*4-6 ;13;31-7 90
10D-1831 ,3 ;0-123 4,56*43 90 ,3 -1+37*834*:7 4-7 0,0<07;-6 90 ,3 6-4*-,-+23 A ,3 @6*4-,-+23% 3 ,2703 90 *7C06;*+34*:7
07 06;3 064?0,3 06 ,3 90 ,;-7
3A- A 3,+?7-6 -;1-6 4-,0+36 90 31C319 07;10 0,,-6 $1*;8 % -0;H,*6E01+01 A &*,,*3<
% *4L6-7 B?0 103,*831-7 ?73 601*0 90 06;?9*-6 07 &06;017 ,04;1*4 -<@37A 07;10 c A c ,-6 4?3,06 4-7 0,
;*0<@- 60 4-7-4*01-7 4-<- I,-6 06;?9*-6 90 3N;H-170J @-1B?0 <?4H-6 90 0,,-6 D?01-7 103,*839-6 07 ,3 D5E1*43
3N;H-170 90 &06;017 ,04;1*4 40143 90 H*43+-% 7 06;-6 06;?9*-6 60 *7C06;*+: ,3 10,34*:7 07;10 ,3 437;*939 90
*,?<*734*:7 07 0, 407;1- 90 ;13E3G- A ,3 @1-9?4;*C*939 90 ,-6 -E101-6% -6 *7C06;*+39-106 ,,0+31-7 3 ,3 4-74,?6*:7 90
B?0 ,-6 0<@,039-6 ;13E3G31237 4-7 <56 ;06:7 6* ,3 +01074*3 60 @10-4?@3E3 @-1 6? E*0706;31 A 6* ,-6 6?@01C*6-106 ,06
@106;3E37 3;074*:7 06@04*3,% 6;0 D07:<07- 60 4-7-4*: <56 390,37;0 4-<- 0, 0D04;- 90 3N;H-170% -6
*7C06;*+39-106 ;3<E*F7 ,,0+31-7 3 ,3 4-74,?6*:7 90 B?0 ,-6 +1?@-6 *7D-1<3,06 90 ;13E3G- '0, 07;-17- 6-4*3, 90 ,-6
0<@,039-6) ;*0707 ?73 *7D,?074*3 @-6*;*C3 07 ,3 @1-9?4;*C*939%
?4H-6 90 ,-6 0<@,039-6 90 &06;017 ,04;1*4
-@*73E37 B?0 6? ;13E3G- 013 3E?11*9- A 3E6?19- @01- B?0 6?6 10,34*-706 A 3<*6;3906 4-7 6?6 4-<@3S01-6 07
-436*-706 6?G0;-6 3 ,3 *7D,?074*3 90 ?7 37;3+-7*6<- 4-<@31;*9- 4-7;13 ,-6 G0D06 ,0 93E37 4*01;- 6*+7*D*439- 3 6?

#
C*93 ,3E-13, A ,06 -D104237 4*01;3 @1-;044*:7 4-7;13 ,3 +01074*3% -1 ;3, <-;*C- ,3 @106*:7 90, +1?@- 4-7 D104?074*3
10@10607;3E3 ?73 <3A-1 *7D,?074*3 @313 3?<07;31 ,3 @1-9?4;*C*939 90 ,-6 ;13E3G39-106 B?0 ,36 90<37936 90 ,3
+01074*3% 62 @?06
3A- 013 90 ,3 -@*7*:7 B?0 0, 4-740@;- 90, H-<E10 6-4*3, '<-C*9- @-1 70406*93906 6-4*3,06
9060-6- 90 10,34*-706 +13;*D*437;06 07 0, ;13E3G- A <56 6076*E,0 3 ,36 @106*-706 90, +1?@- 90 ;13E3G- B?0 3, 4-7;1-,
39<*7*6;13;*C-) 013 4-<@,0<07;- 7040631*- 90, C*0G- 4-740@;- 90, H-<E10 134*-73, <-C*9- @-1 6?6 70406*93906
04-7:<*436 @016-73,06% , @-701 90 10,*0C0 ,36 70406*93906 6-4*3,06 0, <-C*<*07;- 90 10,34*-706 H?<3736 <0G-1:
,3 @016@04;*C3 4,56*43 B?0 4-76*9013E3 ,3 @1-9?4;*C*939 436* 0O4,?6*C3<07;0 4-<- ?7 @1-E,0<3 90 *7+07*0123% 7
4*01;- <-9-
3A- 109064?E1*: 0, 37;*+?- @1*74*@*- 90 -E01; N07 60+W7 0, 4?3, ?7 +07?*7- *7;01F6 @-1 ,-6
;13E3G39-106 ,36 M<5B?*736 C*;3,06M 4-<- N07 6-,23 ,,3<31,-6 @3+3123 9*C*9079-6% 90<56 06;-6 *7C06;*+39-106
1043,431-7 ,3 *<@-1;374*3 90, 06;*,- 90, +0107;0 A 4-7 0,,- 10C-,?4*-731-7 ,3 D-1<34*:7 90 ,-6 39<*7*6;139-106% 3
3;074*:7 D?0 407;1579-60 4393 C08 <56 07 0760S31 ,36 906;10836 39<*7*6;13;*C36 07 -@-6*4*:7 3 ,36 H3E*,*93906
;F47*436% -1 W,;*<- 6? ;13E3G- H*8- 1073401 0, *7;01F6 @-1 ,3 9*75<*43 90 +1?@-6% -6 39<*7*6;139-106 0<@0831-7 3
@07631 07 D?74*:7 90 ,-6 @1-406-6 A @10<*-6 90, +1?@- @313 4-<@,0<07;31 6? 07D-B?0 37;01*-1 07 0, *79*C*9?-%

‘‘
6;3 064?0,3 373,*83 ,36 10,34*-706 B?0 ;*0707 ,36 -1+37*834*-706 4-7 0, 6*6;0<3 6-4*3, B?0 ,36 1-903Q 06;?9*3 ,-6
*7;0143<E*-6 A ,36 *7D,?074*36 90, 4-7;0O;- 07 ,3 -1+37*834*:7Q ;3<E*F7 06;?9*3 ,-6 +1?@-6 D-1<3,06 0 *7D-1<3,06
907;1- 90 ,36 -1+37*834*-706 A 4-<- *7D,?A0 0, 4-7;0O;- 07 06;-6%-<- @1*74*@3,06 @1-;3+-7*6;36 90 06;3 064?0,3
;070<-6 3 3,D 3H1079-1D 073;0
3*7;8 A <*;3* ;8*-7*% 3 064?0,3 06;1?4;?13,*6;3 @10;0790 0B?*,*E131 ,-6
104?16-6 90 ,3 0<@1063 @106;379- ;37;- 3 6? 06;1?;?13 4-<- 3, 104?16- H?<37- 3E-19379- 36@04;-6 ;3,06 4-<- ,3
4-1106@-79074*3 07;10 ,3 -1+37*834*:7 D-1<3, 0 *7D-1<3,%

‘ ‘‘‘‘
‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘
E13H3<
36,-N -?+,36
4 10+-1 A $10901*4L 018E01+ 07;10 -;1-6 0641*E*01-7 6-E10 ,3 6?@0134*:7 @016-73, 90
,-6 *79*C*9?-6% ? -E13 07+0791: 7?0C-6 4-740@;-6 07 4?37;- 3 ,3 @-6*E*,*939 90 -190731 ,36 10,34*-706 @313
E070D*4*- 90 ,36 -1+37*834*-706% 90<56 90;01<*731-7 B?0 ,36 @016-736 @10;079237 -E;0701 3,+- <56 B?0
104-<@07636 - @,3401 3, *76;37;0% 39- B?0 ,36 @016-736 ;07237 D-1<36 90 C*93 4-<@,0G36 07;-7406 ,36 10,34*-706
07 ,3 -1+37*834*:7 90E01237 6?6;07;31 9*4H3 4-<@,0G*939% 0+W7
36,-N ,36 70406*93906 B?0 B?*0107 63;*6D3401 ,36
@016-736 ;*070 D-1<3 90 @*15<*90% 36 70406*93906 <3;01*3,06 A 90 60+?1*939 06;57 07 ,3 E360 90 ,3 @*15<*90 A ,36
70406*93906 90, 0+- ' @-1 0G0<@,- ,3 70406*939 90 106@0;-) A ,36 70406*93906 90 3?;-1103,*834*:7 '4-<- ,3
70406*939 90 4104*<*07;- @016-73, A 90 6*+7*D*439-) 06;57 07 ,3 4W6@*90%
4 10+-1 @10607;: -;1- 57+?,- 90,
4-740@;- 90 ,3 @016-73 4-<@,0G3% *6;*7+?*: 9-6 H*@:;06*6 E56*436 3,;0173;*C36 6-E10 ,36 @016-736 A 6? @-6*4*:7 37;0
0, ;13E3G-% 6;36 9-6 H*@:;06*6 B?0 ,,3<: ,3 0-123 . A ,3 0-123 !%
*07;136 B?0 018E01+ @,37;0: 9*6;*7;-6
0,0<07;-6 A D34;-106 B?0 <-;*C37 906<-;*C37 - 7- <-;*C37 3, D34;-1 H?<37- 907;1- 90 ,3 -1+37*834*:7% ", 0O@,*4:
B?0 ;-9- ,- B?0 -4?113 07 ,3 0<@1063 10,34*-739- 4-7 0, *79*C*9?- A 6? D-1<3 90 607;*160 ,- <-;*C315Q 6*7 0<E31+-
;-9- 3B?0,,- B?0 *<@-7+3 10+,36 @-,2;*436 90 ,3 -1+37*834*:7 63,31*-6 07;10 -;1-6 7- ,- <-;*C3157 @01- 90 7-
06;31 ,- @-9157 906<-;*C31%

 ‘  ‘  ‘


 ‘‘‘ ‘
3 0-123 90 ,36 1+37*834*-706 ;*070 4-<- EG0;*C- 07;13, 0, 064?E1*1 ,36 ,*<*;34*-706 B?0 ;*070 ,3 134*-73,*939
H?<373% 31;0 90, -<E10 9<*7*6;13;*C- 9-790 60 *907;*D*43 3, 601 B?0 60 4-<@-1;3 4-7 10,3;*C3 134*-73,*939 A
E?643 -E;0701 106?,;39-6 63;*6D34;-1*-6 A ,- 9*D01074*3 90, -<E10 4-7:<*4- B?0 34;W3 134*-73,<07;0 A E?643
<3O*<*831 0, E070D*4*-% 3<06
314H A 01E01; *<-7 103,*831-7 ?73 -E13 3 D*73,06 90 ,3 9F4393 90 c  9-790
@,37;031-7 4*07;-6 90 @1-@-14*-706 340143 90 ,-6 @3;1-706 90 4-79?4;3 6-E10 ;-9- 4-7 10,34*:7 3 ,3 4-<?7*434*:7

07 ,36 -1+37*834*-706% ? *7D,?074*3 07 0, 906311-,,- 90 ,3 ;0-123 39<*7*6;13;*C3 @-6;01*-1 H3 6*9- *<@-1;37;26*<3 A
@01<3707;0 @313 *7C06;*+31 07 D-1<3 4*07;2D*43% 7- 90 6?6 <3A-106 3@-1;06 D?0 ,3 0-123 90 ,3 904*6*:7%

‘‘‘‘‘
6;3 064?0,3 3+1?@3 07 6? 607- 3 ,3 *E017F;*43 ,3 0-123
3;0<5;*43 90 ,3 9<*7*6;134*:7 0-123 90 ,36
-7;*7+074*36 A ,3 0-123 90 ,-6 *6;0<36 A 06 10@10607;393 @-1 3?;-106 4-<- -1E01; &*0701 -H377 C-7
0?<377 ?9N*+ C-7 01;3,37DDA 37*0, (3;8 -E01; % (3H7 A ;37D-19 % @;701 07;10 -;1-6% 3 064?0,3
6*6;0<5;*43 @1-@-70 ?73 7?0C3 D-1<3 90 373,*831 ,3 -1+37*834*:7 104-7-4*079- ,3 *<@-1;374*3 90 ,36 10,34*-706
07;10 ,36 @31;06 @313 3,437831 0, @1-@:6*;- 90, ;-9- 07 D*7 0, 07D-B?0 6*6;F<*4-%

‘‘
6;3 064?0,3 <37*D*06;3 B?0 ,3 ;-<3 90 904*6*:7 06 ?7 @1-406- A @-1 ,- ;37;- 06;0 @?090 601 ;139?4*9- 3 D-1<?,36
<3;0<5;*436Q 103,*83 <-90,-6 <3;0<5;*4-6 3@,*439-6 3 ,3 6-,?4*:7 90 ,-6 @1-E,0<36 39<*7*6;13;*C-6% 6;3 064?0,3
60 9*C*90 07 9-6 13<36 3 *E017F;*43 9-790 60 906;3437 -1E01; &*0701 A 1;?1- -607E,?0;HQ  -6
*7C06;*+39-106 @0134*-73,06 9-790 60 3@,*437 <-90,-6 <3;0<5;*4-6 90 1-+13<34*:7 ,*703, 0-123 90 4-,36 0;4%

‘ ‘ ‘ ‘


6;0 07D-B?0 @,37;03 B?0 0, 39<*7*6;139-1 06;5 *7D,?074*39- @-1 ,3 6*;?34*:7 A 4*14?76;374*36 B?0 ,- 1-9037 @01-
@,37;03 B?0 06;0 3 6? C08 @?090 *7D,?*1 07 06;3 6*;?34*-706 @-1 <09*- 90 ,3 904*6*:7 39<*7*6;13;*C3 B?0 ;-<3% 0
906;3437 3?;-106 4-<- 3,, 31-,9 (--7;8 &0*H1*4H%

 ‘‘ ‘‘
, 4-7;0O;- 07 0, B?0 60 906311-,,3 ,3 ;0-123 90 ,-6 *6;0<36 06 0, 90 ,3 ?0113 $123% 3 ;0-123 +07013, 90 6*6;0<36 -
;0-123 90 6*6;0<36 ' ) 06 ?7 06D?018- 90 06;?9*- *7;019*64*@,*731*- B?0 ;13;3 90 074-7;131 ,36 @1-@*093906 4-<?706
3 07;*93906 ,-6 6*6;0<36 B?0 60 @10607;37 07 ;-9-6 ,-6 7*C0,06 90 ,3 103,*939 @01- B?0 6-7 -EG0;- ;139*4*-73,<07;0
90 9*64*@,*736 3439F<*436 9*D0107;06% ? @?06;3 07 <314H3 60 3;1*E?A0 3, E*:,-+- 3?6;1*34- ?9N*+ C-7 01;73,37DDA
B?*07 34?S: ,3 907-<*734*:7 3 <09*39-6 90, 6*+,- ..% 36 1+37*834*-706 -<- *6;0<36 73 -1+37*834*:7 06 ?7
6*6;0<3 6-4*-;F47*4- *74,?*9- 07 -;1- <56 3<@,*- B?0 06 ,3 6-4*0939 4-7 ,3 B?0 *7;0134;W3 *7D,?AF79-60
<?;?3<07;0% 3<E*F7 @?090 601 90D*7*93 4-<- ?7 6*6;0<3 6-4*3, *7;0+139- @-1 *79*C*9?-6 A +1?@-6 90 ;13E3G- B?0
106@-7907 3 ?73 90;01<*7393 06;1?4;?13 A 907;1- 90 ?7 4-7;0O;- 3, B?0 4-7;1-,3 @314*3,<07;0 906311-,,37
34;*C*93906 3@,*4379- 104?16-6 07 @-6 90 4*01;-6 C3,-106 4-<?706%

‘‘ ‘‘ ‘


6;3 064?0,3 <37*D*06;3 B?0 ,3 0G04?4*:7 39<*7*6;13;*C3 60 ,,0C3 3 43E- @-1 <09*- 90 ?73 904*6*:7Q 3D*1<37 B?0 ,-6
39<*7*6;139-106 70406*;37 63E01 4-<- ;-<31 904*6*-706 A 70406*;37 63E01 4-7 0O34;*;?9 4-<- ;-<31 904*6*-706
<09*37;0 @1-406-6 ,:+*4-6% ?07;3 07;10 6?6 @1*74*@3,06 06;?9*-6-6 3 -N319 3*DD3 90 31C319%

‘‘‘‘
‘ 7*C0163,*939% , D07:<07- 39<*7*6;13;*C- 60 93 9-790 B?*013 B?0 0O*6;0 ?7 -1+37*6<- 6-4*3, 06 0, @1-406-
+,-E3, 90 ;-<3 90 904*6*-706 -1*07;39- 3 4-760+?*1 ,-6 -EG0;*C-6 -1+37*83;*C-6 90 D-1<3 0D*438 A 0D*4*07;0
<09*37;0 ,3 @,37*D*434*:7 -1+37*834*:7 *7;0+134*:7 90 @016-73, 9*1044*:7 ',*90138+-) A 4-7;1-,% 6 ?73
4*074*3 B?0 60 E363 07 ;F47*436 C*079- 3 D?;?1- 4--19*7379- 4-636 @016-736 A 6*6;0<36 @313 ,-+131 @-1
<09*- 90 ,3 4-<@3134*:7 A G0131B?23 ?7 -EG0;*C- 4-7 0D*434*3 A 0D*4*074*3% 3 ;-<3 90 904*6*-706 06 ,3
@1*74*@3, D?07;0 90 ?73 0<@1063 @313 ,,0C31 3 43E- ?736 E?0736 *7C016*-706 A 0O40,07;06 106?,;39-6%
-1B?0 07 F, ;*070 6*0<@10 B?0 0O*6;*1 4--19*734*:7 6*6;0<5;*43 90 <09*-6% 3 39<*7*6;134*:7 60 93 @-1 ,-

c
<*6<- 07 0, 06;39- 07 0, 0GF14*;- 07 ,3 0<@1063 07 ,36 *76;*;?4*-706 09?43;*C36 07 ?73 6-4*0939 10,*+*-63
0;4% ! ,-6 0,0<07;-6 06074*3,06 07 ;-936 0636 4,3606 90 39<*7*6;134*:7 60157 ,-6 <*6<-6 3?7B?0
,:+*43<07;0 0O*6;37 C31*37;06 344*907;3,06% 0 @?090 904*1 B?0 3 39<*7*6;134*:7 06 ?7*C0163, @-1B?0 06;3
60 @?090 3@,*431 07 ;-9- ;*@- 90 -1+37*6<- 6-4*3, A 07 ;-9-6 ,-6 6*6;0<36 @-,2;*4-6 0O*6;07;06%
‘ 6@04*D*4*939% ?7B?0 ,3 39<*7*6;134*:7 C3 6*0<@10 34-<@3S393 90 -;1-6 D07:<07-6 90 279-,0 9*6;*7;3 0,
D07:<07- 39<*7*6;13;*C- 06 06@042D*4- A 9*6;*7;- 3 ,-6 B?0 34-<@3S3% 0 @?090 601 ?7 <3+72D*4- *7+07*01-
90 @1-9?44*:7 A ?7 @F6*<- 39<*7*6;139-1% 3 39<*7*6;134*:7 ;*070 43134;0126;*436 06@042D*436 B?0 7- 7-6
@01<*;0 4-7D?79*1,3 4-7 -;13 4*074*3 - ;F47*43% U?0 ,3 39<*7*6;134*:7 60 3?O*,*0 90 -;136 4*074*36 A ;F47*436
;*070 43134;0126;*436 @1-@*36 B?0 ,0 @1-@-14*-737 6? 43154;01 06@042D*4- 06 904*1 7- @?090 4-7D?79*160 4-7
-;136 9*64*@,*736%
‘ 7*939 ;0<@-13,% ?7B?0 60 9*6;*7+37 0;3@36 D3606 A 0,0<07;-6 90, D07:<07- 39<*7*6;13;*C- F6;0 06
W7*4- A @-1 ,- <*6<- 07 ;-9- <-<07;- 90 ,3 C*93 90 ?73 0<@1063 60 06;57 9379- 07 <3A-1 - <07-1
+139- ;-9-6 - ,3 <3A-1 @31;0 90 ,-6 0,0<07;-6 39<*7*6;13;*C-6% 62 3, H3401 ,-6 @,3706 7- @-1 06- 60 90G3
90 <37931 90 4-7;1-,31 90 -1+37*831 0;4%
‘ 7*939 G0151B?*43% -9-6 4?37;-6 ;*0707 43154;01 90 G0D06 07 ?7 -1+37*6<- 6-4*3, @31;*4*@37 07 9*6;*7;-6
+139-6 A <-93,*93906 90 ,3 <*6<3 39<*7*6;134*:7% 62 07 ?73 0<@1063 D-1<37 ?7 6-,- 4?01@-
39<*7*6;13;*C- 90690 0, +0107;0 +07013, H36;3 0, W,;*<- <3A-19-<-%
‘ 3,-1 *76;1?<07;3,% 3 39<*7*6;134*:7 06 ?7 <09*- @313 3,437831 ?7 D*7 06 904*1 60 ?;*,*83 07 ,-6
-1+37*6<-6 6-4*3,06 @313 ,-+131 07 D-1<3 0D*4*07;0 ,-6 -EG0;*C-6 06;3E,04*9-6%
‘ <@,*;?9 90 0G014*4*-% 0 3@,*43 07 ;-9-6 ,-6 7*C0,06 90 ?7 -1+37*6<- D-1<3, @-1 0G0<@,- @106*907;06
+0107;06 6?@01C*6-106 3<3 90 4363 0;4%
‘ 7;019*64*@,*731*0939% 3 39<*7*6;134*:7 H340 ?6- 90 ,-6 @1*74*@*-6 @1-406-6 @1-409*<*07;-6 A <F;-9-6 90
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‘ $,0O*E*,*939% -6 @1*74*@*-6 A ;F47*436 39<*7*6;13;*C36 60 @?0907 393@;31 3 ,36 9*D0107;06 70406*93906 90 ,3
0<@1063 - +1?@- 6-4*3,%

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63E01 4:<- 60 4-<@-1;37 ,36 @016-736 4-<- *79*C*9?- A 4-<- +1?@-%

 ‘‘ ‘ ‘ ‘  ‘


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0,0<07;-6%
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0, ;*0<@- 6-7 D?793<07;3,06 @313 ,36 34;*C*93906 90 ,3 9*1044*:7% 0 H04H- ,3 9*1044*:7 ,,0+3 3, D-79- 90
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H3401 6?6 <0G-106 06D?018-6%

cc
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-EG0;*C-6 B?0 06;3 @016*+?0 A 362 <*6<- ,-6 @?093 3,437831%
‘ 6 ,3 3@,*434*:7 90 ,-6 4-7-4*<*07;-6 07 ,3 ;-<3 90 904*6*-706 *74,?A0 ,3 ;3103 90 D*7431 ,-6 -EG0;*C-6
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@,3703<*07;- 0 *7;0+134*:7 90 ;-9-6 ,-6 6*6;0<36 07 ?7 ;-9- ?7*D*439-%
‘ 3 9*1044*:7 90E0 90 63E01 4:<- 06 0, 4-<@-1;3<*07;- 90 ,3 +07;0 4-<- *79*C*9?-6 A 4?379- 06;57 07
+1?@-6 A 07;07901 ,3 D-1<3 07 4:<- -@0137 ,-6 9*D0107;06 ;*@-6 90 06;1?4;?13%
‘ 6 ?73 D?0183 B?0 <09*37;0 ,3 ;-<3 90 904*6*-706 E36393 07 ,-6 4-7-4*<*07;-6 A 07;079*<*07;-6
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3904?393 ;-936 ,36 :190706 0<*;*936%

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90 34?019- 4-7 ,-6 @,3706 A ,3 -1+37*834*:7 H04H-6 @-1 0, G0D0 39<*7*6;13;*C-M

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C*+*,31 3 ,-6 6?E-19*739-6M

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90<56 0,0<07;-6%

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<37013 *7<09*3;3 A 4-*74*90 ;0<@-13,<07;0 4-7 ?73 E?073 9*1044*:7 07 ;37;- 60157 ;-936 ,36 90<56 ;F47*436
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@?06;- 3?;-1*;31*-%

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70406*93906 E56*436%

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B?0 104*E0 @313 6? 103,*834*:7%

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90 106@-763E*,*939 4-<?7*;31*3 9-790 60 ;-<3 07 4?07;3 4-<- E360 ,3 4?,;?13 0<@10631*3,%

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@-,2;*436 6-E10 @1-409*<*07;-6 A ,36 10+,36 D*G3936 @-1 ,-6 <37?3,06 - 4-<@3S236%

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