Texto de Aprendizaje

6to. Año de
Escolaridad
Educació n Secundaria Comunitaria
Productiva Segundo Trimestre
Documento oficial - 2021

Adrián Rubén Quelca Tarqui

MINISTRO DE EDUCACIÓN

Bartolomé Puma Velásquez

VICEMINISTRO DE EDUCACIÓN REGULAR
Elmer Bautista Mamani
DIRECTOR GENERAL DE EDUCACIÓN SECUNDARIA
Antonio Coarite Quispe
COORDINADOR NACIONAL DEL PROFOCOM-SEP
EQUIPO DE REDACCIÓN
- Direcció n General de Educació n Secundaria (DGES)
- Programa de Formació n Complementaria para Actores del Sistema
Educativo Plurinacional (PROFOCOM-SEP)

D.L.: 4-1-118-2021 P.O.

Impresión:

DISTRIBUCIÓN GRATUITA
Sexto Año de Escolaridad

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 SEXTO AÑO DE SECUNDARIA COMUNITARIA PRODUCTIVA
LENGUA EXTRANJERA

CONTENIDOS

Textos en Textos reflejando la Discursos con variadas

diferentes intra e interculturalidad temáticas y relacionadas
situaciones con
comunicacionales diferentes áreas
- Simple - Respetamos las - En una visión de
Present Vs fechas cuidado y respeto a la
Present sobresalientes en la Madre Tierra y el
continuous historia de nuestra Cosmos
- The simple comunidad. - The present perfect
past - Simple Past and with since, for,
- Comparative past continuous already, just, yet and
- Superlati - Simple Present before
ve and Present - The simple past
adjective continuous and present
s - Be going to and will perfect
- Too and - The present perfect and
enough past continuous.

CAPACIDADES A DESARROLLAR

- Valora la lengua extranjera como instrumento de comunicación con otras personas, promoviendo
situaciones de respeto hacia las personas que hablan la lengua extranjera y hacia su cultura.
- Escribe textos cortos significativos entorno a los hechos cotidianos con la finalidad de comunicar
sus emociones u opiniones, expresado en tiempo presente, pasado y futuro.
- Escucha diálogos y textos informativos que traten sobre temas de relevancia como el daño al medio
ambiente.
- Expresa espontáneamente, con gran fluidez y con un grado de precisión discursos relacionado a un
tópico en común.
- Usa soportes escritos para preparar la intervención, sobre todo en discursos monogestionados.
 TEXTS REFLECTED IN INTRA- AND INTERCULTURALITY
SIMPLE PAST AND PAST CONTINUOUS

¡ Iniciemos desde la práctica !

1. Speaking: talk to with your classmates about past events. Hablando: conversa con tus compañeras,
compañeros acerca de eventos pasados.

Think about the school teaching in the past, present and future,
traditionalandlocalknowledge in our context.

Ricardo: Hi, Amelia.

Amalia: Hi, Ricardo.
Ricardo: What did you do on the weekend?
Amalia: All my family went to the park. What about you?

Ricardo: We stayed at home. On Sunday, we spent the afternoon in the yard. What did you do in
the park?
Amalia: Nothing special. My father talked on his cellphone, my mother read a book, and my
sister and I played games.
Ricardo: That’s interesting. Maybe we can go to the park for the next weekend.

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 ¡ Continuemos con la teoría !

SIMPLE PAST
2. Practice the pronunciation of these verbs. Practica la pronunciación de estos verbos.

Regular Irregular

Verb + ed Irregular verbs

Dance – Danced Sing – Sang

REGULAR VERBS IRREGULAR VERBS

- wash – washed - drink - drank
- kiss – kissed - write - wrote
- cry – cried - eat - ate
- like – liked - do - did
- play – played - see – saw

3. Remember the past simple grammar rules. Recuerda las reglas gramaticales del pasado simple.

POSITIV NEGATIVE QUESTION

E
I started I did not (didn’t) start Did I start
You You did not (didn’t) Did you start
started start
He started He did not (didn’t) start Did he start
She She did not (didn’t) Did she start
started start
It started It did not (didn’t) start Did it start
We We did not (didn’t) Did we start
started start
You You did not (didn’t) Did you start
started start
They They did not (didn’t) Did they start
started start

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Examples.
- He drew beautiful pictures last week.
- You gave the present to your friend.
- We bought a new car.
- He did not (didn’t) draw beautiful pictures last week.
- Did I learn Spanish las summer?
- Did you give the present to your friend?

4. Write sentences in past simple. Escribe oraciones en pasado simple.

…………………………………………………………………………………………….………………..………
……………………………………………………………………………………………….………….………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………….………….………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………….………….………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………….………….………….
5. Place the verbs into the correct column. Coloca los verbos en la columna correcta.

Watch Regular verbs Irregular verbs

See
Play

Go Eat

Study

Be Paint

6. Complete the sentences using the verbs in the past. Complete las oraciones utilizando los verbos en
pasado.

watched / went / ate /wrote /was/ cleaned/ painted / studied

1) Yesterday I …was…….in the park.

2) My mother.....................a book last year. It’s very interesting.
3) Peter....................this picture when he was younger.
4) We.................TV last weekend.
5) I..................to school at 9:30 a.m.
6) Sarah..................two sandwiches yesterday.
7) Yesterday the children...............the window.
8) I.....................for the test last night. I’m not nervous.
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 PAST CONTINUOUS

7. Read and remember verb to be. Lee y recuerda el verbo ser o estar.

WAS – WERE

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATI INTERROGATIVE

VE
I was playing with my sister I wasn’t playing with my sister Was I playing with my sister?

You were playing with my sister You weren’t playing with my sister Were you playing with my sister?

He was playing with my sister He wasn’t playing with my sister Was he playing with my sister?

She was playing with my sister She wasn’t playing with my sister Was she playing with my sister?

It was playing with my sister It wasn’t playing with my sister Was it playing with my sister?

We were playing with my sister We weren’t playing with my sister Were we playing with my sister?

You were playing with my sister You weren’t playing with my sister Were you playing with my sister?

They were playing with my They weren’t playing with my sister Were they playing with my sister?
sister

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PAST CONTINUOUS:
The past continuous is made from the past tense of the verb be and the –ing form of a verb:

DEFINITI Narra una acción que sucedió en el pasado, en el momento en que

ON estaba ocurriendo. Resalta el transcurso de un evento en el tiempo
DEFINICI pasado
ÓN

AFFIRMATI Subject + Was/Were + Verb + Ing +

Complement Miguel was working yesterday.
VE
Miguel estaba trabajando ayer.
AFIRMATI
VO

NEGATI Subject + Was/Were + Not + Verb + Ing +

Complement Miguel was not working yesterday.
VE
Miguel no estaba trabajando ayer.
NEGATI
VO

INTERROGATI Was/Were + Subject + Verb + Ing +

Complement Was Miguel working yesterday?
VE
¿Miguel estaba trabajando ayer?
INTERROGATI
VO

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE

I was playing with my sister
You were playing with my sister
He was playing with my sister
She was playing with my sister
It was playing with my sister
We were playing with my sister
You were playing with my sister
They were playing with my
sister
I wasn’t playing with my sister
You weren’t playing with my sister
He wasn’t playing with my sister
She wasn’t playing with my sister
It wasn’t playing with my sister
We weren’t playing with my sister
You weren’t playing with my sister
They weren’t playing with my
sister
Was I playing with my sister?
Were you playing with my sister?
Was he playing with my sister?
Was she playing with my sister?
Was it playing with my sister?
Were we playing with my sister?
Were you playing with my sister?
Were they playing with my sister?

Was not = wasn’t Answers

Were not = Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t
weren’t Yes, you were. / No, you weren’t

14
1
 8. Write the negative and interrogative forms of the following sentences.
Escribe la forma negativa e interrogativa de las siguientes oraciones.
PAST
CONTINUOUS
AFFIRMATIVE FORM NEGATIVE FORM INTERROGATIVE
FORM

I was working in the field. I was not working in the field. Was I working in the field?

You were working in the You were not working in the Were you working in the field?

field. He was working in field.

the field.

She was working in the

field. It was working in the

field. We were working in

the field. You were

working in the field.

They were working in the field.

9. Study grammar rules. Estudia las reglas gramaticales.

We use the past continuous:
For something which happened before and after another action:
- Example: “The children were doing their homework when I got home.”

For something that happened before and after a specific time:

- Example: “It was eight o'clock. I was writing a letter.”

To show that something continued for some time:

- Example: “Everyone was shouting.”

For something that happened again and again:

- Example: “I was practicing every day, three times a day.”

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¡ Realicemos la valoración !
10. Investigate a historic event of Bolivia then dialogue with your classmates. Investiga un hecho
histórico de Bolivia y luego dialoga con tus compañeros.

Example: “The Chaco war”

- When it happened?
- Who were the principal characters?
- What are the consequences of that war?

¡ Es hora de la producción !

11. Write a short essay about an event in the past. Escribe un ensayo corto sobre un evento pasado.

You can use this structure or another one:

- Title
- Introduction
- Body
- Conclusion
- Bibliography.

12. Work in groups. Trabaja en grupos.

Write in your notebook and make a creative presentation of a

role play according to the history above.

Escribe en tu cuaderno y haz una representación teatral creativa

de acuerdo a la historia anterior.

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 BE GOING TO AND WILL

¡ Iniciemos desde la práctica !

1. Read the following story. Lee la siguiente historia.

WHEN I GET BIGGER (by Mercer Mayer)

When I get bigger I’ll be able to do lot of

things. I’ll go to the corner store by
myself… and spend my allowance on
anything I want. I’ll wait until the light is
green. Then I’ll look both ways for cars
before I cross the street. I’ll have my own
watch and I’ll tell everyone what time it
is. I’ll go on a bus to Grandma and
Grandpa´s. I’ll go to first grade. When I
get bigger I’ll have a real leather
football…my own radio and a pair of
super pro roller skates. I’ll have a two-
wheeler and a paper route. I’ll make lots
of money. At the playground I’ll help the
little kids on the swings. I’ll pick out my own boots at the shoe store. I’ll make a photo call and dial it
myself. I’ll order something from a catalog…and It will come in the mail. When I get bigger I’ll
camp out in the backyard all night long or I’ll stay up to see the end of a late movie. Even if I get
sleepy, I won’t go to bed. But right now I have to go to bed…because Mom and Dad say…I’m not
bigger yet.

2. Answer the questions. Responde las preguntas.

- Who do you think is telling the story?

- What kind of objects will he/she get?
- How old is he or she?

2. Now complete the sentences with future tense, don’t forget WILL = ’ LL.

Ahora completa las oraciones en tiempo futuro, no olvides WILL= LL.

1) I……will..........be able to do lot of things.

2) I.........................go to the corner store by myself.
3) I.........................wait until the light is green.
4) I.......................look both ways for cars before I cross the street.
5) I.......................have my own watch.
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¡ Continuemos con la teoría !

3. Analyze the rules about WILL and GOING TO.

Analiza las reglas a cerca de WILL y GOING TO.

WILL

+ S + will/shall + V (base form)

I will go to La Paz

S + will not/won’t + V (Base form)

- I will not go to Beni.

Will + s + V (Baseform)
Will you go to La Paz?
?

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5
 AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
I will go I won’t go Will I go?
You will go You won’t go Will you go?
He will go He won’t go Will he go?
She will go She won’t go Will she go?
It will go It won’t go Will it go?
We will go We won’t go Will we go?
You will go You won’t go Will you go?
They will go They won’t go Will they go?

WH QUESTIONS (WHAT- WHERE – HOW – WHEN –

WHY
– WHO) ANSW
Help us to have more information about the subject ER
Wh question + will + subject + principal verb + complement + ?
What will you do tomorrow? I will play soccer with my
friends.

4. Complete the following sentences with future auxiliary-Will.

Completa las siguientes oraciones en tiempo futuro, y con el auxiliarWILL.
Example: I………will.............tell everyone what time it is.
1) He.......................................go to visit Titicaca Lake.
2) It.........................................make lots of money.
3) We......................................eat mondongo in Sucre.
4) They....................................order something from a catalog.
5) She......................................speak to a famous actor.

5. Change affirmative sentences to negative form.

Cambia las oraciones afirmativas por la forma negativa.
Pick out – elegir Come in - entrar Stay up - mantenerse, estar de pie

Example: Mauricio will take a photo of Cristo de la Concordia.

Mauricio will not take a photo of Cristo de la Concordia.
1) You will pick out your own boots at the shoe store.
……………………………………………………………………………………
2) It will come from Potosi.
……………………………………………………………………………………
3) My friends will stay up to see the end of a late movie in Santa Cruz.
……………………………………………………………………………………
4) He will travel to Titicaca.
……………………………………………………………………………………
5) We will eat Mondongo in Sucre.
……………………………………………………………………………………

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 FUTURE TENSE: BE GOING TO
1. Analyze the rules. Analiza las reglas.
AFFIRMATIVE
Subject + Am/Is/Are + Going to + Infinitive verb
It is going to rain
You are going to
run
NEGATIVE
Subject + Am not/Isn’t/Aren’t + Going to + Infinitive verb
It isn’t going to rain
You aren’t going to
run
INTERROGATI
VE
Are/Is + Subject + Going to + Infinitive verb
Is it going to rain?
Are you going to
run?

Examples:
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE FORM SHORT ANSWER
FORM FORM
You are going to buy You are not going Are you going to buy a Yes, I am.
a to new No, I am not.
new cellphone. buy a new cellphone?
cellphone.

2. Complete the following sentences with BE GOING TO.

Completa las siguientes oraciones con BE GOING TO.

Example: We are going to read a new book.

1) I.................................................wait until the light is green.

2) He..............................................visit me.
3) They.........................................cross the street.
4) She.............................................dance in Tarija
5) You….........................................tell everyone what time it is.

3. Choose a sentence from the box to answer the questions.

Elige una oración del cuadro para responder las preguntas.

I’m going to eat at home – I’m going to do my homework after the class – I’m going to learn to cook
repeating the recipe - My father is going to speak in the party – I’m going to eat a delicious soup.

Example: Where are you going to eat? I’m going to eat at home.

1) What are you going to eat today?

…………………...………………………………………………………………………………
2) When are you going to do your homework?
…………………...………………………………………………………………………………
3) How are you going to learn to cook?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
4) Who are you going to speak to in the party?
………………………………………………………………………………………………..….
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¡ Realicemos la valoración !
4. Write your life project. Escribe tu Proyecto de vida.

Consider: family, study, job, in the future.

- What are you going to do to get your dreams now?

¡ Es hora de la producción !

5. Work in group. Dialogue about a topic (problem) related to the environment or sustainable

development. You can use the following questions.

Trabaja en grupo. Dialoga sobre un tema relacionado con el medio ambiente o el desarrollo

sostenible. Puedes utilizar las siguientes preguntas.

- How does it affect people around the world/ in your local area?
- Does it affect richer or poorer people more?
- How does it affect the natural environment?
- What are the causes of this issue?
- What are the solutions to this issue?

SPEECH WITH DIFFERENT TOPICS

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

¡ Iniciemos desde la práctica !

1. Read the following conversation between John and Mary. Lee la siguiente conversación entre
John y Mary.

Identify the verbs in the past participle then write them in your notebook. Identifica los verbos en
pasado participio luego escríbelos en tu cuaderno.

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 John: Hi, Mary.
Mary: Hi John. Have you been here for a long time?
John: Oh, no. I’ve just arrived about five minutes.
Mary: Great. I thought you arrived at least an hour ago.
I have been driving all the morning, the traffic was so heavy.
John: Never mind Mary. Have you eaten?
Mary: No, not yet.
John: Then let’s go to that restaurant. I have gone there for six months, food is great.
Mary: No, thanks. We are going to “La Casa”. My uncle has worked there for two years, and
he says “tucumanas” are good there.
John: Is it expensive?
Mary: Not at all. My uncle says that from the beginning, they have sold cheap.
John: Ok, it has been decided. Let’s go.

2. Complete the song “WE ARE THE CHAMPIONS”. Complete la canción “SOMOS LOS
CAMPEONES”.

I’ve made I’ve had I’ve done I’ve come

We are the champions (Queen)

I've paid my dues time after time
I´.............my sentence but committed no crime Let´s listen the song

And bad mistakes, I´..........................a few Escuchemos la canción

I´.....................my share of sand kicked in my face

But.........................through

And we mean to go on, and on, and on, and on

We are the champion, my friends

And we’ll keep on fighting till the end

We are the champions, we are the champions

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 ¡ Continuemos con la teoría !

3. Study the rules. Estudia las reglas.

Present perfect is used to express past experience that follow in the present because we didn’t finish and
maybe it will continue in the future.

Affirmative:

Negative:

Interrogative:

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 Examples:

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE

-They have been to -They haven’t been to -Have they been to
Argentina twice. Argentina twice. Argentina? Yes, they have.
-She has driven her new car. -She hasn’t driven her new -Has she driven her new car?
car since 1999. No, she hasn’t.

KEY WORDS
Since----desde Fordesde hace
Yet----- todavía Beforeantes

VERBS IN THE PAST PARTICIPLE

Irregular Verbs Regular Verbs
Present Past participle Present Past participle
simple simple
Write Written Ridden Study Try Studied Tried
Ride Driven Kept Slept Cry Stop Cried Stopped
Drive Felt Begun Dance Danced Worked
Keep Work Traveled
Sleep Feel Travel
Begin

4. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs. Completa las oraciones con la forma
correcta de los verbos.
Example: I have paid (pay) my dues since May.
1) He.......................................( do) exercises in Cochabamba.
2) She.....................................( make) a few mistakes.
3) They.......................................(visit) their parents in Oruro for seven days.

5. Change the affirmative sentences to negative form. Cambia las oraciones afirmativas a negativas.
Example: She’s had many friends since childhood.
She hasn’t had many friends since childhood.

1) She has done her exercises for a long time.

…………………………………………………….……
2) You’ve taken your money before 2020.
.…………………………………………………………
3) He’s lived in Beni since 1994.
………………………………………………………….

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 6. Change the affirmative sentences to interrogative form. Cambia las oraciones afirmativas a
interrogativas.
Example: They’ve paid their dues before Christmas eve.
Have they ever paid their dues before Christmas eve?
Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t.
1) Maria’s changed her car for many times.

…….…………………………………………………

…….…………………………………………………

2) We’ve lived in Tarija four years.

………………………………………………………

…….…………………………………………………

3) Roberto has study English for two years.

………………………………………………………

…….…………………………………………………

PRESENT PERFECT VERSUS SIMPLE PAST

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 PRESENT PERFECT VS SIMPLE PAST
I have lived in Cobija. I lived in Cobija in 1995.
Remember…
They have eaten Chinese They ate Chinese food last night.
food.
Have you seen La bicicleta Where did you see 'La bicicleta
de los Huanca? de los Huanca'?

We have been to Samaipata. When did you go to Samaipata?

¡ Realicemos la valoración !

7. Read this legend then explain its message. Lee la leyenda y explica su mensaje.

THE LEGEND OF SAJAMA

"God is far away and we need to negociate with its Intermediaries, the mountains."

The summits of the Andes have always had their place in the legends of the Altiplano. Here is the
most known one, the one of Sajama, volcano culminating at over 6500 meters above sea level
and located at the heart of the natural park of the same name (the first created in Bolivia, in
1941).

… A long time ago there was a ruthless war between the mountains. Huayna Potosi, Condoriri,
Ancohuma and Illampu all had the same dream: to be highest amongst them all!

"Pacha", the creator, tired of these fights, ordered the end of the hostilities. At the time of the truce,
Illimani was the great winner.
But an ambitious neighbor contested his victory. Troubled in his sleep, "Pacha" decided to punish
the insolent by cutting his head off.
He used his terrible sling... all the summits, impressed made themselves very small, the wind
generated by the cosmic arm burned the fresh scars they had inflicted on each other.
They then heard the hissing of the projectile and the deafening noise of the impact. When the dust
finally settled, the whole superior part o the imprudent was missing.
It’s head rested far away on the Altiplano and men call him today Sajama, or "exiled" in Aymara.

As far as the remains, missing its head –and summit we can admire, takes the shape, not of a
summit, but of a vast snowy plateau- its name is today Mururata, the decapitated...

Fuente: www.reisen-bolivien.com

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 ¡ Es hora de la producción !

8. Write in your notebook sentences using the following verbs. Escribe en tu cuaderno oraciones
usando los siguientes verbos.

eat - live - come - dance - do - change - drive

Example:

Has he ever eaten “Pique Macho” in Cochabamba?

Yes, he has.
No, he hasn´t.

9. Read, re-write and tell a short story using the previous grammar.

Lee, re-escribe y cuenta un cuento corto utilizando la gramática explicada.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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