Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
unidades a
2
8 29303132 33 343536 37 38394041 42 434445 46 47 48495051 525354 55 56 57585960 61626364 65 66 6768 69 70 717273 74 75 7677 78 79 80818283 84
unidades a Pronostico
8 29303132 33 343536 37 38394041 42 434445 46 47 48495051 525354 55 56 57585960 61626364 65 66 6768 69 70 717273 74 75 7677 78 79 80818283 84
unidades a Pronostico
9 52 55 58 61 64 67 70 73 76 79 82
ft
Promedio Mòvil Ponderado
periodo unidades a ft et XT1 XT2 XT3 XT4
1 7.53 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4
2 7.7
3 7.47 error DAM 0.50
4 7.27
1 7.37 7.44 0.07
2 7.13 7.39 0.26
3 7.4 7.26 0.14 MOVIL PONDERADO
4 8.33 7.30 1.03 14
1 8.83 7.72 1.12
2 10.43 8.22 2.21
3 12.2 9.23 2.97 12
4 12.77 10.61 2.16
1 12.43 11.74 0.69 10
2 12.23 12.29 0.06
3 11.7 12.40 0.70
4 11.2 12.11 0.91 8
1 11.27 11.68 0.41 UNIDADES unidades
2 11.47 11.43 0.04 Pronostic
6
3 11.3 11.38 0.08
4 11.17 11.34 0.17
1 11 11.28 0.28 4
2 10.63 11.16 0.53
3 10.27 10.92 0.65
2
4 10.2 10.61 0.41
1 9.67 10.39 0.72
2 9.6 10.05 0.45 0
3 9.6 9.81 0.21 1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81
4 9.5 9.67 0.17
1 9.5 9.57 0.07 PERIODOS
2 9.03 9.53 0.50
3 8.7 9.32 0.62
4 8.13 9.04 0.91
1 7.87 8.62 0.75
2 7.67 8.23 0.56
3 7.8 7.93 0.13
4 7.73 7.81 0.08
1 7.57 7.75 0.18
2 7.57 7.67 0.10
3 7.33 7.63 0.30
4 7.57 7.49 0.08
1 7.63 7.50 0.13
2 7.6 7.55 0.05
3 8.17 7.58 0.59
4 9.2 7.83 1.37
1 10.17 8.41 1.76
2 10.33 9.22 1.11
3 10.4 9.84 0.56
4 10.37 10.21 0.16
1 10.6 10.35 0.25
2 11 10.46 0.54
3 11.4 10.69 0.71
4 11.73 11.02 0.71
1 11.07 11.37 0.30
2 11.67 11.33 0.34
3 11.47 11.48 0.01
4 11.3 11.48 0.18
1 10.97 11.40 0.43
2 10.63 11.24 0.61
3 10.1 10.95 0.85
4 9.67 10.55 0.88
1 9.53 10.12 0.59
2 9.47 9.80 0.33
3 9.5 9.59 0.09
4 9.27 9.51 0.24
1 9.5 9.41 0.09
2 9.43 9.43 0.00
3 9.7 9.43 0.27
4 9.9 9.54 0.36
1 9.43 9.71 0.28
2 9.3 9.63 0.33
3 8.87 9.50 0.63
4 8.77 9.21 0.44
1 8.6 8.97 0.37
2 8.33 8.78 0.45
3 8.17 8.55 0.38
4 8.03 8.36 0.33
1 7.9 8.19 0.29
2 7.87 8.04 0.17
3 7.53 7.94 0.41
4 6.93 7.76 0.83
1 6.8 7.40 0.60
2 6.7 7.09 0.39
3 6.93 6.86 0.07
4 6.87 6.84 0.03
6.85
unidades a
Pronostico
73 77 81
ESTACIONALIDAD SUAVIZADO EXPONENCIAL SIMPLE
AÑO TRIMESTRE DATOS SES 1 x`t f`t SIN AJU f`t CON AJUS
1 7.53 7.53 7.556 7.556 7.53
2 7.7 7.53 7.704 7.56 7.55
1
3 7.47 7.70 7.466 7.70 7.71
4 7.27 7.47 7.270 7.47 7.47
1 7.37 7.27 7.395 7.27 7.25
2 7.13 7.37 7.134 7.39 7.39
2
3 7.4 7.13 7.396 7.13 7.14
4 8.33 7.40 8.330 7.40 7.40
1 8.83 8.33 8.860 8.33 8.30
2 10.43 8.83 10.436 8.86 8.85
3
3 12.2 10.43 12.193 10.43 10.44
4 12.77 12.20 12.770 12.19 12.19
1 12.43 12.77 12.472 12.77 12.73
2 12.23 12.43 12.237 12.47 12.47
4
3 11.7 12.23 11.694 12.24 12.24
4 11.2 11.70 11.200 11.69 11.69
1 11.27 11.20 11.308 11.20 11.16
2 11.47 11.27 11.477 11.31 11.30
5
3 11.3 11.47 11.294 11.48 11.48
4 11.17 11.30 11.170 11.29 11.29
1 11 11.17 11.037 11.17 11.13
2 10.63 11.00 10.636 11.04 11.03
6
3 10.27 10.63 10.264 10.64 10.64
4 10.2 10.27 10.200 10.26 10.27
1 9.67 10.20 9.703 10.20 10.17
2 9.6 9.67 9.606 9.70 9.70
7
3 9.6 9.60 9.595 9.61 9.61
4 9.5 9.60 9.500 9.59 9.60
1 9.5 9.50 9.532 9.50 9.47
2 9.03 9.50 9.035 9.53 9.53
8
3 8.7 9.03 8.695 9.04 9.04
4 8.13 8.70 8.130 8.70 8.70
1 7.87 8.13 7.897 8.13 8.10
2 7.67 7.87 7.674 7.90 7.89
9
3 7.8 7.67 7.796 7.67 7.68
4 7.73 7.80 7.730 7.80 7.80
1 7.57 7.73 7.596 7.73 7.70
2 7.57 7.57 7.574 7.60 7.59
10
3 7.33 7.57 7.326 7.57 7.58
4 7.57 7.33 7.570 7.33 7.33
1 7.63 7.57 7.656 7.57 7.54
2 7.6 7.63 7.604 7.66 7.65
11
3 8.17 7.60 8.166 7.60 7.61
4 9.2 8.17 9.200 8.16 8.17
1 10.17 9.20 10.205 9.20 9.17
2 10.33 10.17 10.336 10.20 10.20
12
12
3 10.4 10.33 10.394 10.34 10.34
4 10.37 10.40 10.370 10.39 10.39
1 10.6 10.37 10.636 10.37 10.33
2 11 10.60 11.006 10.64 10.63
13
3 11.4 11.00 11.394 11.01 11.01
4 11.73 11.40 11.730 11.39 11.39
1 11.07 11.73 11.108 11.73 11.69
2 11.67 11.07 11.677 11.11 11.10
14
3 11.47 11.67 11.464 11.68 11.68
4 11.3 11.47 11.300 11.46 11.46
1 10.97 11.30 11.007 11.30 11.26
2 10.63 10.97 10.636 11.01 11.00
15
3 10.1 10.63 10.094 10.64 10.64
4 9.67 10.10 9.670 10.10 10.10
1 9.53 9.67 9.562 9.67 9.64
2 9.47 9.53 9.475 9.56 9.56
16
3 9.5 9.47 9.495 9.48 9.48
4 9.27 9.50 9.270 9.49 9.50
1 9.5 9.27 9.532 9.27 9.24
2 9.43 9.50 9.435 9.53 9.53
17
3 9.7 9.43 9.695 9.44 9.44
4 9.9 9.70 9.900 9.69 9.69
1 9.43 9.90 9.462 9.90 9.87
2 9.3 9.43 9.305 9.46 9.46
18
3 8.87 9.30 8.865 9.31 9.31
4 8.77 8.87 8.770 8.87 8.87
1 8.6 8.77 8.629 8.77 8.74
2 8.33 8.60 8.335 8.63 8.62
19
3 8.17 8.33 8.166 8.34 8.34
4 8.03 8.17 8.030 8.17 8.17
1 7.9 8.03 7.927 8.03 8.00
2 7.87 7.90 7.875 7.93 7.92
20
3 7.53 7.87 7.526 7.87 7.88
4 6.93 7.53 6.930 7.53 7.53
1 6.8 6.93 6.823 6.93 6.91
2 6.7 6.80 6.704 6.82 6.82
21
3 6.93 6.70 6.926 6.70 6.71
4 6.87 6.93 6.870 6.93 6.93
1 6.87 6.823 6.87 6.85
2 6.87 6.704 6.82 6.82
3 6.87 6.926 6.70 6.71
4 6.87 6.870 6.93 6.93
PLE
xt fact estacio
et Et% ALFA 1-ALFA
9.30 0.997 0.999 0.001
0.17 2% 9.32 0.999
0.23 3% 9.33 1.001 Promedio total 9.33 SUMA ERROR
0.20 3% 9.33 1.000 Error (MAPE) 3.21% ERROR DAM
0.10 1%
0.24 3% Factor estacional = Promedio del periodo / promedio general
0.27 4% (x`t) Ajuste estacional = Valor real / Factor estacional
0.93 11% Aplicar suavizacion exponencial doble
0.50 6% Señal de rastreo = suma de errores (sin ABS) / suma de errores (ABS)
1.60 15% Señal de rastreo = -4, 4
1.77 15% MAPE (Error % absoluto) = Promedio de los errores %
0.57 4% Sirve para comparar los MAPE de diferentes alfa en el mismo pronostico
0.34 3%
0.20 2%
0.53 5%
0.50 4%
0.07 1%
0.20 2%
0.17 2%
0.13 1%
0.17 2%
AJUSTE ESTACIO
0.37 3%
0.36 4% DATOS SES 1 x`t f
0.07 1% 14.00
0.53 5%
0.07 1%
0.00 0%
0.10 1% 12.00
0.00 0%
0.47 5%
0.33 4%
0.57 7% 10.00
0.26 3%
0.20 3% Anti log(vf/vi)/n-1
0.13 2%
0.07 1% 8.00
0.16 2%
0.00 0%
0.24 3%
6.00
0.24 3%
0.06 1%
0.03 0%
0.57 7% 4.00
1.03 11%
0.97 10%
0.16 2%
2.00
4.00
0.07 1% 2.00
0.03 0%
0.23 2%
0.40 4%
0.40 4% 0.00
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 4
0.33 3%
0.66 6%
0.60 5%
0.20 2%
0.17 2%
0.33 3%
0.34 3%
0.53 5%
0.43 4%
0.14 1%
0.06 1%
0.03 0%
0.23 2%
0.23 2%
0.07 1%
0.27 3%
0.20 2%
0.47 5%
0.13 1%
0.43 5%
0.10 1%
0.17 2%
0.27 3%
0.16 2%
0.14 2%
0.13 2%
0.03 0%
0.34 5%
0.60 9%
0.13 2%
0.10 1%
0.23 3%
0.06 1%
25
0.3052
do / promedio general
/ Factor estacional
CFE/MAD
AJUSTE ESTACIONAL
S SES 1 x`t f`t SIN AJU f`t CON AJUS
33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75 77 79 81 83
ESTACIONALIDAD HOLT / SUAVIZACION EXPONENCIAL DOBLE
AÑO TRIMESTRE DATOS (yt) Lt (Promedio) Bt (Tendencia) FTM (pronostico) et et% ALFA
1 7.53 7.53 0 7.53 BETA
2 7.7 7.53 0.00 7.53 0.17 2% ERROR DAM
1
3 7.47 7.68 0.15 7.83 0.36 5% X0
4 7.27 7.51 -0.17 7.34 0.07 1%
1 7.37 7.28 -0.23 7.05 0.32 4%
2 7.13 7.33 0.06 7.39 0.26 4%
2
3 7.4 7.16 -0.17 6.98 0.42 6%
4 8.33 7.35 0.19 7.55 0.78 9%
1 8.83 8.24 0.89 9.13 0.30 3%
2 10.43 8.86 0.62 9.49 0.94 9%
3
3 12.2 10.32 1.46 11.78 0.42 3%
4 12.77 12.15 1.83 13.98 1.21 9%
1 12.43 12.91 0.75 13.66 1.23 10%
2 12.23 12.57 -0.34 12.23 0.00 0%
4
3 11.7 12.23 -0.34 11.89 0.19 2%
4 11.2 11.72 -0.51 11.21 0.01 0%
16.00
1 11.27 11.20 -0.52 10.68 0.59 5%
2 11.47 11.20 0.00 11.21 0.26 2%
5
3 11.3 11.44 0.24 11.68 0.38 3% 14.00
4 11.17 11.34 -0.10 11.24 0.07 1%
1 11 11.18 -0.16 11.01 0.01 0%
2 10.63 11.00 -0.18 10.82 0.19 2% 12.00
6
3 10.27 10.65 -0.35 10.30 0.03 0%
4 10.2 10.27 -0.38 9.90 0.30 3% 10.00
1 9.67 10.17 -0.11 10.06 0.39 4%
2 9.6 9.71 -0.45 9.26 0.34 4%
7 8.00
3 9.6 9.56 -0.15 9.41 0.19 2%
4 9.5 9.58 0.02 9.60 0.10 1%
1 9.5 9.51 -0.07 9.44 0.06 1% 6.00
2 9.03 9.49 -0.02 9.48 0.45 5%
8
3 8.7 9.08 -0.41 8.67 0.03 0%
4 8.13 8.70 -0.38 8.31 0.18 2% 4.00
1 7.87 8.15 -0.55 7.60 0.27 3%
9 2.00
0.00
4.00
HOLT
7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 52 55 58 61 64 67 70 73 76 79 82
UNIDADES
4 9.5 9.5 -0.1 1 9.27 0.23 2% 8.00
1 9.5 9.6 0.0 1 9.39 0.11 1% 6.00
8 4.00
2.00
0.00
10.00
UNIDADES
8.00
6.00
2 9.03 9.2 -0.1 1 9.01 0.02 0% 4.00
8
3 8.7 8.8 -0.1 1 8.50 0.20 2% 2.00
4 8.13 8.3 -0.2 1 7.70 0.43 5%
0.00
1 7.87 8.0 -0.2 1 7.77 0.10 1%
1 6 11 16 21 2 6 3
2 7.67 7.8 -0.2 1 7.34 0.33 4%
9
3 7.8 7.8 -0.1 1 7.28 0.52 7%
4 7.73 7.8 -0.1 1 7.14 0.59 8%
1 7.57 7.7 -0.1 1 7.44 0.13 2%
2 7.57 7.7 -0.1 1 7.28 0.29 4%
10
3 7.33 7.4 -0.1 1 6.98 0.35 5%
4 7.57 7.6 -0.1 1 7.02 0.55 7%
1 7.63 7.7 -0.1 1 7.45 0.18 2%
2 7.6 7.7 -0.1 1 7.41 0.19 3%
11
3 8.17 8.1 0.0 1 7.87 0.30 4%
4 9.2 8.8 0.0 1 9.05 0.15 2%
1 10.17 9.8 0.1 1 9.92 0.25 3%
2 10.33 10.3 0.2 1 10.54 0.21 2%
12
3 10.4 10.3 0.2 1 10.95 0.55 5%
4 10.37 10.1 0.1 1 11.05 0.68 7%
1 10.6 10.2 0.1 1 10.73 0.13 1%
2 11 10.8 0.2 1 11.15 0.15 1%
13
3 11.4 11.2 0.2 1 11.86 0.46 4%
4 11.73 11.4 0.2 1 12.51 0.78 7%
1 11.07 11.0 0.1 1 11.50 0.43 4%
2 11.67 11.3 0.2 1 11.88 0.21 2%
14
3 11.47 11.3 0.1 1 11.96 0.49 4%
4 11.3 11.1 0.1 1 11.88 0.58 5%
1 10.97 11.0 0.1 1 11.17 0.20 2%
2 10.63 10.5 0.0 1 10.92 0.29 3%
15
3 10.1 10.1 0.0 1 10.23 0.13 1%
4 9.67 9.7 -0.1 1 9.62 0.05 0%
1 9.53 9.6 -0.1 1 9.50 0.03 0%
2 9.47 9.4 -0.1 1 9.36 0.11 1%
16
3 9.5 9.5 -0.1 1 9.26 0.24 3%
4 9.27 9.3 -0.1 1 9.03 0.24 3%
1 9.5 9.5 0.0 1 9.37 0.13 1%
2 9.43 9.4 -0.1 1 9.34 0.09 1%
17
3 9.7 9.6 0.0 1 9.51 0.19 2%
4 9.9 9.9 0.0 1 9.78 0.12 1%
1 9.43 9.5 0.0 1 9.54 0.11 1%
2 9.3 9.3 0.0 1 9.28 0.02 0%
18
3 8.87 8.9 -0.1 1 8.78 0.09 1%
4 8.77 8.8 -0.1 1 8.44 0.33 4%
1 8.6 8.7 -0.1 1 8.50 0.10 1%
2 8.33 8.4 -0.1 1 8.19 0.14 2%
19
3 8.17 8.2 -0.1 1 7.86 0.31 4%
4 8.03 8.1 -0.1 1 7.58 0.45 6%
1 7.9 8.0 -0.1 1 7.77 0.13 2%
2 7.87 7.9 -0.1 1 7.62 0.25 3%
20
3 7.53 7.7 -0.1 1 7.22 0.31 4%
4 6.93 7.1 -0.2 1 6.44 0.49 7%
1 6.8 6.9 -0.2 1 6.66 0.14 2%
2 6.7 6.7 -0.2 1 6.35 0.35 5%
21
3 6.93 6.9 -0.1 1 6.38 0.55 8%
4 6.87 7.0 -0.1 1 6.33 0.54 8%
1 6.9 -0.1 0 6.71
2 6.7 -0.1 0 6.46
3 6.8 -0.1 0 6.53
4 6.9 -0.1 0 6.50
0.7 1-ALFA 0.3
0.1 1-BETA 0.9
1.0 L 4 # DE PERIODOS
0.286 ERROR% 3.00%
WINTERS
16.00
14.00
12.00
10.00
UNIDADES
PERIODOS
Factor ESTACIONALIDAD
Datos Y TENDENCIAPronostico Pronostico
DATOS
AÑO Dato TRIMESTRE estacional desestacionalizados (x regresion lineal (sin Ajuste Et Et%
(Yt)
1 1 7.53 (St) ´t) ajuste) estacional
2 2 7.7
1
3 3 7.47
4 4 7.27
5 1 7.37
6 2 7.13
2
7 3 7.4
8 4 8.33
9 1 8.83
10 2 10.43
3
11 3 12.2
12 4 12.77
13 1 12.43
14 2 12.23
4
15 3 11.7
16 4 11.2
17 1 11.27
18 2 11.47
5
19 3 11.3
20 4 11.17
21 1 11
22 2 10.63
6
23 3 10.27
24 4 10.2
25 1 9.67
26 2 9.6
7
27 3 9.6
28 4 9.5
29 1 9.5
30 2 9.03
8
31 3 8.7
32 4 8.13
33 1 7.87
9
34 2 7.67
9
35 3 7.8
36 4 7.73
37 1 7.57
38 2 7.57
10
39 3 7.33
40 4 7.57
41 1 7.63
42 2 7.6
11
43 3 8.17
44 4 9.2
45 1 10.17
46 2 10.33
12
47 3 10.4
48 4 10.37
49 1 10.6
50 2 11
13
51 3 11.4
52 4 11.73
53 1 11.07
54 2 11.67
14
55 3 11.47
56 4 11.3
57 1 10.97
58 2 10.63
15
59 3 10.1
60 4 9.67
61 1 9.53
62 2 9.47
16
63 3 9.5
64 4 9.27
65 1 9.5
66 2 9.43
17
67 3 9.7
68 4 9.9
69 1 9.43
70 2 9.3
18
71 3 8.87
72 4 8.77
73 1 8.6
74 2 8.33
19
75 3 8.17
76 4 8.03
77 1 7.9
78 2 7.87
20
79 3 7.53
80 4 6.93
81 1 6.8
82 2 6.7
21
83 3 6.93
84 4 6.87
Valor del componente
estacional irregular
X´t Factor estacional Promedio
Pendiente b1
Corte b0
DAM
MAPE
12
10
0
Regresion lineal sin estacionalidad