Marcos Daniel Ruiz

Ing. Eléctrica
CX 0907844 - UNT

PROBLEMA 1

1: P1=1kg/cm2
T1=297°k
29,27.297 .10−4 m3
pv=nRT → V1= =0.878
1 kg

2: P2/P1=7 → P2=7 kg/cm2

1,4-1
7
→ T2=297 ()
1
1,4
=517°K

29,27.517 .10−4 m3
pv=nRT → V2= =0,217
7 kg

3: P3=P2=7 kg/cm2
T3=1500°K
29,27.1500. 10−4 m3
pv=nRT → V3= =0,627
7 kg

4: P4=P1=1 kg/cm2
1,4-1
1
→ T4=1500 ()
7
1,4
=860,23°K

29,27.860,27. 10−4 m3
pv=nRT → V4= =2,518
1 kg
 Marcos Daniel Ruiz
Ing. Eléctrica
CX 0907844 - UNT

WC kcal KJ
=0,24 ( 97−517,9 )=−53,01 =−221,78
m kg kg
WT kcal KJ
=0,24 ( 1500−860,27 )=153,54 =−642,39
m kg kg
Q1 kcal KJ
=C p ( T 2 −T 3 ) =0,24 ( 517,9−1500 )=−235,7 =−986,22
m kg kg
W T +W C
η=
Q1
153,54−53,01
η= =42,6 %
235,7

W C 53,01
= =0,345
W T 153,54

W neto =m(W T +W C )
100.3600.1000 kg
m= =8,56.105
642,39−221,78 h

Q 1=m . q1

kcal
Q 1=8,56 .105 .235,7=2,02.108
h
 Marcos Daniel Ruiz
Ing. Eléctrica
CX 0907844 - UNT

Q1
L=
PC .η C

2,02.10 8 m3
L= =24724
9600.0,85 h

C=L . $
$
C=24724.410=101,37
MWh

PROBLEMA 2

T x =T 2 +σ (T 4 −T 2 )

T x =517,9+0,6 ( 860,27−517,9 ) =723,31° K

 Marcos Daniel Ruiz
Ing. Eléctrica
CX 0907844 - UNT

Q1 kcal
=C p ( T x −T 3 )=0,24 (723,31−1500 )=−186,4
m kg

W T +W C
η=
Q1
153,54−53,01
η= =54 %
186,4

m3
L=24754,9
h
Supondremos relación lineal:

L1 L 2
=
η2 η1
η1 m3
L2=L1 . =19528,8
η2 h
Horas de utilización:

6 m3
L1 anual=24754,9.5200 h=128,7.10
h

m3
6
L2 anual=19528,8.5200 h=101,5.10
h

m3
Ahorro=27,2. 106
h
 Marcos Daniel Ruiz
Ing. Eléctrica
CX 0907844 - UNT

Entonces: $=27,2. 106.410=11. 106

PROBLEMA 3
Marcos Daniel Ruiz
Ing. Eléctrica
CX 0907844 - UNT
 Marcos Daniel Ruiz
Ing. Eléctrica
CX 0907844 - UNT

Datos:
Kg Kg Kg Kg
p1=1
[ ]
cm 2
p2=2,64
cm2 [ ] [ ]
p4 =4
cm2
p6=3,74
cm2 [ ]
Estado 1:

Kg Kg
p1=1
[ ]
cm 2
=1.10 4 2
m [ ]
T 1=297 ° K =24 ° C

n . R . T 1 29,27.297 m3
V 1=
p1
=
1.10
4
=0,87
Kg [ ]
Estado 2: (compresión adiabática)

Kg
p2=2,64
[ ]
cm2
γ −1 1.4 −1
p2 2,64
T 2=T 1 ( ) ( )
p1
γ
=297.
1
1.4
=391,94 ° K

n . R . T 2 29,27.391,94 m3
V 2=
p2
=
2,64.10
4
=0,435
Kg [ ]
Estado 3:

Kg
p2= p3 =2,64
[ ] cm2

T 3=T 1=297 ° K

n . R .T 3 29,27.297 m3
V 3=
p3
=
2,64.10
4
=0,329
Kg [ ]
Estado 4:

Kg
p4 =7
[ ]
cm2
 Marcos Daniel Ruiz
Ing. Eléctrica
CX 0907844 - UNT

γ −1 1,4 −1
p1 7
T 4=T 3 ( )
p2
γ
=297. ( )
2,64
1,4
=392,4 ° K

n . R . T 4 29,27.392,4 m3
V 4=
p4
=
7.10
4
=0,164
Kg [ ]

Estado 5:

Kg
p5=7
[ ]cm2

T 5=1500 ° K

n . R .T 5 29,27.1500 m3
V 5=
p5
=
7.10
4
=0,627
Kg [ ]
Estado 6:

Kg
p6=3,74
[ ]
cm 2
γ−1 1,4−1
p6 3,74
T 6=T 5 ( )
p5
γ
=1500. ( )7
1,4
=1254,04 ° K

n . R .T 6 29,27.1254,04 m3
V 6=
p6
=
3,74. 10
4
=0,216
Kg
Estado 7:
[ ]
Kg
p7=3,74
[ ]
cm2

n . R .T 7 29,27.1500 m 3 Estado 8:
T 7=T 5=1500 ° K V 7=
p7
=
3,74.10
4
=1,174
Kg [ ]
Kg
p8=1
[ ]cm2
 Marcos Daniel Ruiz
Ing. Eléctrica
CX 0907844 - UNT

γ−1 1,4−1
p8 1
T 8=T 7 ( )
p7
γ
=1500. ( )
3,74
1,4
=1028,99 ° K

n . R .T 8 29,27.1028,99 m3
V 8=
p8
=
1.10
4
=3
Kg [ ]

Wc1 Kcal
m
=c p ( T 1−T 2 )=0,24. ( 297−391,94 )=−22,78
Kg [ ]
Wc2 Kcal
m
=c p ( T 3−T 4 ) =0,24. ( 297−392,4 )=−22,89
Kg [ ]

Q ext 1 Kcal
m
=c p ( T 4 −T 5 ) =0,24. ( 392,4−1500 ) =−256,82
Kg [ ]
Q ext 2 Kcal
m
=c p ( T 6−T 7 )=0,24. ( 1254,04−1500 )=−59,03
Kg[ ]
Wt1 Kcal
m
=c p ( T 5 −T 6 ) =0,24. ( 1500−1254,04 )=59,03
Kg[ ]
Wt2 Kcal
m
=c p ( T 3 −T 4 )=0,24. ( 1500−1028,99 )=113,04
Kg[ ]

Qsal1 Kcal
m
=c p ( T 2−T 3 ) =0,24. ( 391,3−297 )=22,63
Kg [ ]
Qsal2 Kcal
m
=c p ( T 8−T 1) =0,24. ( 1028,99−297 )=175,67
Kg[ ]
 Marcos Daniel Ruiz
Ing. Eléctrica
CX 0907844 - UNT

W t 1 +W t 2 +W c1 +W c 2
η= .100=38,9 %
Qent 1+ Q ent 2

T x =T 4 + σ ( T 8−T 4 )=392,4+ 0,6. ( 1028,99−392,4 )=774,354 ° K

Q'ext 1 Kcal
m [ ]
=c p ( T x −T 5 )=0,24. ( 774,354−1500 )=−174,15
Kg

W t 1+ W t 2 +W c1 +W c 2
η´= .100=54,2%
Q ´ ent 1+Q ent 2