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AUTOMATION AND
presenting the distribution SCADA and
CONTROL OF
distribution automation & its benefits. The
DISTRIBUTION USING
application of SCADA system to automate
SCADA power for Hyderabad & Secunderabad and
Document By
streamline APCPDCL electrical distribution
SANTOSH BHARADWAJ REDDY
Email: help@matlabcodes.com
network is presented. The current situation,
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present benefits, long term benefits & future
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needs are explained. Finally managing
performed manually by system operator from data monitoring and routine operations.
Before 1985, the protective functions were
control rooms. With the progress in digital
segregated from control functions. With
electronics, data processing, data communication traditional electromechanical relays and earlier
and microprocessors, a host of new devices and generation of hard-wired static relays, the
functions of protection systems were limited to
systems are being introduced for power system
sensing faults and abnormal condition, giving
automation. SCADA is a computer based alarm, tripping circuit breaker, auto enclosing of
programmable and distributed supervisory circuit breakers. Data logging and some control
and supervision functions were manually
control and data acquisition system. It is mainly
performed by system operated from control
used for remote and local supervision and rooms.In traditional substation controls the three
control of electricity and distribution on medium functions i.e., protection, control and monitoring
were not integrated fully.
voltage level. Distribution SCADA supervises
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Distribution SCADA supervises the distribution
(SCADA): system. Similar system architectures are used for
SCADA is a computer based power system SCADA and load SCADA.
programmable and distributed supervisory
control and data acquisition system. It is used to SCADA Process classified into three parts
improve overall system efficiency in case of both Input
capital and energy and to increase reliability of Analog : Continuous Electrical Signals
service to essential loads .Supervisory Control Ex.Active Power (MW), Reactive
and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system enables Power(MVAR), Voltage (KV),
to control , distribution equipment from a remote Frequency (Hz).etc..
location. It provides operating information, and Digital : Switching Signals High(1) or
perform these additional services . Low(0) Signal Ex.Breaker Close(high)
• Feasibility studies or Open(low), Isolator Closed(high) or
• System design Open(low).
• Database design Process
• Communications The signals are converted into digital
• Project management format
• Dispatcher training Implement protocol between Master
• Master Station specifications and Slave
• RTU specifications It operates with Real Time Operating
System (RTO)
Output
the results are exposed with user use of the communication lines by using them
friendly environment for multiple applications Such as SCADA,
Through displays can be possible to REMOTE IED CONFIGURATION,
control the substation and generating VIDEO SURVEILLANCE.
station. Different Users, Different Needs:
Traditionally, SCADA systems have
Distribution Automation: communicated with Remote Terminal Units
It is an integrated system concept for the digital (RTUs) located at the substations, or in
automation of distribution substation, feeder and Distribution Automation applications, RTUs
user functions.. It includes control, monitoring
and protection of the distribution system, load were also located in the field. RTUs were
management and remote metering of consumer traditionally connected to status and control
loads. Distribution automation systems provide
utilities the ability to optimize the operations of points as well as transducers to measure Voltage,
their distribution systems and directly improve Current, Power, Frequency and other electrical
reliability. Adding targeted distribution
automation capabilities can be especially parameters. RTUs connected in this way were
economical when they are an extension of only capable of measuring parameters specific to
existing investments in SCADA and in system
operations. Distribution automation can optimize the transducer type they were connected to.
system conditions or solve a specific problem for Information such as phase angle was not
a specific area or customer.
available, so calculated parameters were not
The key for distribution automation success is to available unless a dedicated transducer was
target the highest value results and not choose
the wrong technology. Interest is growing in installed.
distribution automation as utilities look to extend
their automation beyond the substation and
leverage the breadth of new communication This situation was solved once
technologies available. the "transducerless" RTUs were introduced. As
they accept direct AC inputs from Voltage and
Current Situation: Current transformers, "transducer less" RTUs
to automate and manage the power distribution
can measure and calculate any electrical
system has been evolving for a few decades now,
parameter (depending on the RTU's processing
but has not yet been implemented widely to
capability). With the introduction of electronic
achieve the highly desirable benefits of improved
devices at the substation, the capability of
customer service and retention. Today's market
providing large amounts of data related to the
conditions have made distribution automation a
operation of the substations opened.
critical part of every utility's operation. Markets
Depending on your needs, you could:
with highly restrictive reliability standards are
forcing utilities to monitor power quality issues
Communicate directly with your IEDs
and events as never before, thus storing large
without using an RTU or any sort of
amounts of data is more necessary than ever
Data Concentrator in between.
.Utilities are covering larger territories with the
same personnel, so it is important to optimize the
Configure any of your IEDs either monitor and control the power distribution
locally or remotely using the same network for the twin cities of Hyderabad and
communication line as the SCADA Secunderabad. The project scope encompassed
system. design, supply, erection & commissioning of the
SCADA system with a control center at
Retrieve non-SCADA related Erragadda, Hyderabad for 132 kV and 33 kV
information from your IEDs (events, substations in and around Hyderabad and
transients, oscillography, etc.). Secunderabad. The SCADA system will provide
immediate benefits to APCPDCL in terms of
Store an unlimited amount of historical availability and quality of power as well as lower
substation or at any remote location. been installed to monitor and control all
substations in Hyderabad & Secunderabad from
workstations as you need, so you can management of power supply to serve consumers
monitor and/or control your substation more efficiently. The system offers operational
Segregate the information generated at Remote meter reading, Load balancing, trouble
the substation for reporting to different call management etc. to facilitate effective
Power Quality
Present Benefits: As needed, generally after an event,
Manual meter reading is being replaced or upon query from building users power users
with automatic reporting. power quality records are requested.
Substation Security Fires and Door Alarms
Real time alarms and data give Early on in the design of the SCADA
operators the information they need to application, it was determined that fire/smoke
respond quickly. The Utilities Division detectors were needed in all station switch gear
can be proactive in providing quality rooms. This function, along with door alarm
information to its customers. contacts, provides the system operators with the
ability to respond instantly to these types of
More effective load management:. events.
Effective load shedding with minimum faulted circuit can be a disaster. Setting low
outage to important consumers. voltage limits that alarm instantly, warns the
maintenance personnel who can respond quickly
Long Term Benefits and Future Needs: in operator switch position was not available
Power System Operators need to be prior to the use of remote SCADA applications.
identify electrical power system failures at any Most substation transformer status
location in the distribution system. Accurate real alarms and events are monitored by the system.
time alarming and historical information is The annunciation and display of alarm
conditions ensures timely investigation of the Managers and engineers can view process data
problem. Remedial action can prevent future from their desktop whether the data is on site or
equipment damage and power outages. miles away.
Conclusion:
Distribution scada improves over
all system efficiency in use of both capital and REFERENCES :
energy. 1. DISTRIBUTION AUTOMATION
It increases reliability of service to essential BY WALTER.K.EICHELBURG
loads. 2. IEEE/PES TRANSMISSION AND
DISTRIBUTION CONFERENCE
Improves quality of supply.
Improves continuity of supply. 3. BUSINESS LINE(INTERNET
EDITION) FROM THE HINDU
Distribution automation systems provide utilities GROUP OF PUBLICATIONS
the ability to optimize the operations of their
distribution. 2. SITES:
1. WWW.APTRANSCO.COM
2. WWW.SAT-AUTOMATION.COM
3. WWW.ERCAP.ORG
DISTRIBUTION AUTOMATION SYSTEM
COMPONENTS OF SCADA SYSTEM
Document By
SANTOSH BHARADWAJ REDDY
Email: help@matlabcodes.com
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