Annexture II

Homework Title/No. : _______1_______________Course Code :___INT406_________________

Course Instructor : _Manmeet Singh_____Course Tutor(if applicable) :________________________

Date of Allotment :_______________ Date of submission : _1-31-2011________________________

Student’s Roll No. :__A13_________________ Section No. :_E2802_____

Declaration :

I declare that this assignment is my individual work. I have not copied from any other student’s work or
from any other source except where due acknowledgement is made explicitly in the text,nor has any part
been written for me by another person.

Student’s Signatur: PANKAJ KUMAR

Evaluator’s comments :

___________________________________________________________________________

Marks obtained :______________________ out of _________________________

Content of Homework should start from this page only:

QUS1. What is the difference between windows server 2003 and Red hat Linux.
ANS:
1. Windows Server 2003 delivered significantly better File server throughput compared to
Red Hat Linux Advanced Server 2.1 and Red Hat Linux 8.0 on the configurations we
tested.

2. Windows Server 2003 delivered between 66 and 95 percent better File server throughput
in our tests on a HP DL760 server using up to eight processors compared to Red Hat
Linux Advanced Server 2.1.

3. Windows Server 2003 delivered 100 percent better File server throughput in our tests on
a HP DL380 server using two processors compared to Red Hat Linux Advanced Server
2.1.

Windows sever 2003:

1. Windows Server 2003 has a well-designed graphical user interface (GUI). The entire
operating system is built with the GUI as part of the 'selling point' of the operating
system.

2. Security is very granular, with both User-based (using Active Directory administrative
GUI interfaces) and file-based security.

3. File-based security (including folder-based security) can be set on a per-user or per-group

basis.
4. Only one computer in a domain can be running Windows Server 2003 for Small Business
Server.
5. Windows Server 2003 for Small Business Server is limited to 4GB of RAM (Random
Access Memory).

New and updated features:

1. Internet Information Services (IIS) v6.0 - A significantly improved version of IIS.

2. Increased default security over previous versions, due to the built-in firewall and having
most services disabled by default.

3. Significant improvements to Message Queuing.

4. Improvements to Active Directory, such as the ability to deactivate classes from
the scheme, or to run multiple instances of thedirectory server (ADAM)
5. Provides a backup system to restore lost files.
6. Improved scripting and command line tools, which are part of Microsoft's initiative to
bring a complete command shell to the next version of Windows.
Red Hat Linux:

Red Hat Linux, assembled by the company Red Hat, was a popular Linux based operating
system . It was originally called "Red Hat Commercial Linux" It was the first Linux distribution
to use the RPM Package Manager as its packaging format, and over time has served as the
starting point for several other distributions, such as Mandriva Linux and Yellow Dog Linux.
Fedora, developed by the community-supported Fedora Project and sponsored by Red Hat, is
the free version best suited for home use.

Features:
1. Version 3.0.3 was one of the first Linux distributions to support Executable and Linkable
Format .

2. Red Hat Linux introduced a graphical installer called Anaconda, intended to be easy to
use for novices, and which has since been adopted by some other Linux distributions. It
also introduced a built-in tool called Lokkit for configuring the firewallcapabilities.

3. It also introduced a built in total called lokit for configuring the firewall capabilities.

In version 6 Red Hat moved to glibc 2.1, egcs-1.2, and to the 2.2 kernel. It also
introduced Kudzu, a software library for automatic discovery and configuration of
hardware.

4. Red Hat Linux lacked many features due to possible copyright and patent problems. For
example, MP3 support was disabled in both Rhythmbox and XMMS; instead, Red Hat
recommended using Ogg Vorbis, which has no patents.

5. Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server offers the standard Unix-based user and group
provisioning capabilities, along with user- and group-based file security. File and folder
security can be set on a per-user or per-group basis.
6. For Red Hat Enterprise Linux servers, postfix and sendmail are the two enterprise email
offerings, with sendmail being the long-standing defacto standard.

QUS2.How can we say that NTFS file system is more secure and reliable than
FAT file system. What is the default file system on open Source NOS?
ANS:
 1. NTFS is newer than FAT and it is better. FAT has a limit for the size of the file (4 GB,
not sure) but NTFS doesn't have that. Also, NTFS is faster than FAT.

2. FAT - the only file permissions FAT has is the ability to make a file read only, however
any user may change that flag and therefor anyone with access to the file system has
access to any file on that file system
3. NTFS sets read/write/execute file permissions to users and or user groups (actually NTFS
can set more complex permissions than that- but thats basicly it)
4. NTFS will fix automatically the file clusters that have failed. This file system does not
need file system checking feature and does not need operating system maintenance. The
file cluster size partitioned will be smaller than in FAT32.

5. NTFS is a journalizing file system. It recovers from hard reboots a lot better than FAT.

6. NTFS is also called journaling file system which is a critical function of a file system.
The NTFS will not allow the unauthorized users to operate and make any changes.
7. NTFS can transform the file information effectively and automatically into unreadable
form. This encrypted file will be safely stored.
8. NTFS has the option to implement various security and administrative features in the
operating system. It is found to support domain names of active directory.

The whole thing is that on a FAT file system anyone can access anyfile, where on a NTFS file
system permissions can be denyed per user, restricting access to the file system.so that the NTFS
file system is more sequre then FAT.

QUS3.Compare the four flavours of Windows Server 2003.

ANS:

Hardware Support:

Standered edition and Web edition not support the 64-bit Support for Intel Itanium-based
Computer and Hot Add Memory but Enterprise and Data center Edition support.

Standerd edition support 4GB RAM,4 way SMP,Enterprise support 32GB,8way SMP,Data
center edition support 64GB,32 way SMP and Web edition support 2GB RAM,2 way SMP.

Directory Services:
Standerd,Enterprise and Data center Edition Fully support Active directory service but Web
edition support partially.

Enterprise and data center edition support Microsoft Identity Integration Server(MIIS) but
standard and Web edition not support.
Security Services:
Standad and enterprise edition support Internet Connection Firewall (ICF) but Web and Data
center edition not support.

Terminal Services:
All Edition support Remote Desktop for Administration.

Clustering Technologies:
Data center and Enterprise edition support Cluster Service but Standad and Web is not support.

Communications and Networking Services:

Standrad,Data center and Enterprise edition support Virtual Private Network(VPN) but Web
edition partially support.

Standrad,Data center and Enterprise edition support Internet Authentication Service but Web
edition not support.
Standrad,Data center and Enterprise edition support Network Bridge and Internet Connection
Sharing but Web edition and Data center not support.

ALL are support IPv6 for Communication.

.NET Application Services:

All are support .NET Application Services and ASP.NET.

Standrad,Data center and Enterprise edition support Universal Description, Discovery, and
Integration (UDDI) but Web edition not support.

QUS4. Write a short note Windows NT and Sun Solaris and what are the system
requirements.
ANS:
Windows NT:
Windows NT is a family of operating systems produced by Microsoft, the first version of which
was released in July 1993. It was a powerful high-level-language-based, processor-independent,
multiprocessing, multiuser operating system with features comparable toUnix. It was intended to
complement consumer versions of Windows that were based on MS-DOS. NT was the first fully
32-bit version of Windows, whereas its consumer-oriented counterparts, Windows
3.1x and Windows 9x, were 16-bit/32-bit hybrids. Windows 2000,Windows XP, Windows
Server 2003, Windows Vista, Windows Home Server, Windows Server 2008, and Windows
7 are based on Windows NT, although they are not branded as Windows NT.

Major features:
1. Windows NT 3.1 was the first version of Windows to utilize 32-bit "flat" virtual memory
addressing on 32-bit processors. Its companion product, Windows 3.1, used segmented
addressing and switches from 16-bit to 32-bit addressing in pages.

2. Windows NT 3.1 featured a core kernel providing a system API, running in supervisor
mode, and a set of user-space environments with their own APIs which included the new
Win32 environment, an OS/2 1.3 text-mode environment and a POSIX environment. The
full preemptive multitasking kernel could interrupt running tasks to schedule other tasks,
without relying on user programs to voluntarily give up control of the CPU, as in
Windows 3.1 Windows applications (although MS-DOS applications were preemptively
multitasked in Windows starting with Windows 1.0).

3. Notably, in Windows NT 3.x, several I/O driver subsystems, such as video and printing,
were user-mode subsystems. In Windows NT 4, the video, server, and printer spooler
subsystems were integrated into the kernel. Windows NT's first GUI was strongly
influenced by (and programmatically compatible with) that from Windows 3.1; Windows
NT 4's interface was redesigned to match that of the brand new Windows 95, moving
from the Program Manager to the Start Menu/Taskbar design.

4. NTFS, a journaled, secure file system, was created for NT. Windows NT also allows for
other installable file systems, and with versions 3.1 and 3.51, NT could also be installed
on DOS'sFAT or OS/2's HPFS file systems. Later versions could be installed on a FAT32
partition, in select cases, including Vista versions.Windows Vista and Windows 7 require
a FAT32 partition to boot on an EFI based system.

Hardware requirements:

The minimum hardware specification required to run each release of the professional
workstation version of Windows NT has been fairly slow-moving until the 6.0 Vista releases,
which requires a minimum of 15 GB of free disk space, a 10-fold increase in free disk space
alone over the previous version.
 Windows NT desktop (x86) minimum hardware requirements
NT version CPU RAM Free disk space
NT 3.1 12 MB
386, 25 MHz 90 MB
NT 3.1 Advanced Server 16 MB
12 MB
NT 3.5 Workstation 386, 25 MHz 90 MB
16 MB
NT 3.5 Server
12 MB
NT 3.51 Workstation 386, 25 MHz 90 MB
16 MB
NT 3.51 Server
12 MB
NT 4.0 Workstation 486, 25 MHz 124 MB
16 MB
NT 4.0 Server
32 MB
2000 Professional Pentium, 133 MHz 650 MB
128 MB
2000 Server

Solaris:

Solaris is a Unix operating system originally developed by Sun Microsystems. It superseded

their earlier SunOS in 1992. Oracle Solaris, as it is now known, has been owned by Oracle
Corporation since Oracle's acquisition of Sun in January 2010.

Solaris is known for its scalability, especially on SPARC systems, and for originating many
innovative features such as DTrace, ZFS and Time Slider. Solaris supports SPARC-based
and x86-based workstations and servers from Sun and other vendors, with efforts underway to
port to additional platforms. Solaris is registered as compliant with the Single Unix
Specification.

Supported architectures:
Solaris uses a common code base for the platforms it supports: SPARC and i86pc (which
includes both x86 and x86-64).

Solaris has a reputation for being well-suited to symmetric multiprocessing, supporting a large
number of CPUs. It has historically been tightly integrated with Sun's SPARC hardware
(including support for 64-bit SPARC applications since Solaris 7), with which it is marketed as a
combined package. This has often led to more reliable systems, but at a cost premium
over commodity PC hardware. However, it has also supported x86 systems since Solaris 2.1 and
the latest version, Solaris 10, includes support for 64-bit x86 applications, allowing Sun to
capitalize on the availability of commodity 64-bit CPUs based on the x86-64 architecture. Sun
has heavily marketed Solaris for use with both its own "x64" workstations and serversbased
on AMD Opteron and Intel Xeon processors, as well as x86 systems manufactured by companies
such as Dell, Hewlett-Packard, and IBM. As of 2009, the following vendors support Solaris for
their x86 server systems:

1. Dell - will "test, certify, and optimize Solaris and OpenSolaris on its rack and blade
servers and offer them as one of several choices in the overall Dell software menu"
2. IBM - also distributes Solaris and Solaris Subscriptions for select x86-based IBM System
x servers and BladeCenter servers
3. Intel
4. Hewlett-Packard- distributes and provides software technical support for Solaris
on ProLiant server and blade systems

QUS5. How active directory is installed, list two different ways and document the
whole procedure.

ANS:

Here is a quick list of what you must have:

1. An NTFS partition with enough free space

2. An Administrator's username and password
3. The correct operating system version
4. A NIC
5. Properly configured TCP/IP (IP address, subnet mask and - optional - default gateway)
6. A network connection (to a hub or to another computer via a crossover cable)
7. An operational DNS server (which can be installed on the DC itself)
8. A Domain name that you want to use
9. The Windows Server 2003 CD media (or at least the i386 folder)

To install Active Directory on Windows Server 2003 :

•
1. Click Start, click Run, type dcpromo, and then click OK.

2. On the first page of the Active Directory Installation Wizard, click Next.

3. On the next page of the Active Directory Installation Wizard, click Next.
 4. On the Domain Controller Type page, click Domain Controller for a new domain, and
then click Next.

5. On the Create New Domain page, click Domain in a new forest, and then click Next.

6. On the New Domain Name page, in the Full DNS name for new domain box, type
corp.contoso.com, and then click Next.

7. On the Database and Log Folders page, accept the defaults in the Database folder box
and the Log folder box, and then click Next.

8. On the Shared System Volume page, accept the default in the Folder location box, and
then click Next.

9. On the DNS Registration Diagnostics page, click Install and configure the DNS server on
this computer and set this computer to use this DNS server as its preferred DNS Server,
and then click Next.

10. On the Permissions page, click Permissions compatible only with Windows 2000 or
Windows Server 2003 operating systems, and then click Next.

11. On the Directory Services Restore Mode Administrator Password page, enter a password
in the Restore Mode Password box, retype the password to confirm it in the Confirm
password box, and then click Next.

12. On the Summary page, confirm the information is correct, and then click Next.

13. When prompted to restart the computer, click Restart now.

14. After the computer restarts, log on to CONT-CA01 as a member of the Administrators
group

To install AD DS on a member server by using the Windows interface:

1. Click Start, and then click Server Manager.

2. In Roles Summary, click Add Roles.
3. If necessary, review the information on the Before You Begin page, and then click Next.
 4. On the Select Server Roles page, select the Active Directory Domain Services check box,
and then click Next.
5. If necessary, review the information on the Active Directory Domain Services page, and
then click Next.
6. On the Confirm Installation Selections page, click Install.
7. On the Installation Results page, click Close this wizard and launch the Active Directory
Domain Services Installation Wizard (dcpromo.exe).
8. On the Welcome to the Active Directory Domain Services Installation Wizard page, click
Next.

If you want to install from media, identify the source domain controller for AD DS
replication, or specify the Password Replication Policy (PRP) for an RODC as part of the
installation of the additional domain controller, click Use advanced mode installation.

9. On the Operating System Compatibility page, review the warning about the default
security settings for Windows Server 2008 domain controllers, and then click Next.
10. On the Choose a Deployment Configuration page, click Existing forest, click Add a
domain controller to an existing domain, and then click Next.
11. On the Network Credentials page, type the name of any existing domain in the forest
where you plan to install the additional domain controller. Under Specify the account
credentials to use to perform the installation, click My current logged on credentials or
click Alternate credentials, and then click Set. In the Windows Security dialog box,
provide the user name and password for an account that can install the additional domain
controller. To install an additional domain controller, you must be a member of the
Enterprise Admins group or the Domain Admins group. When you are finished providing
credentials, click Next.
12. On the Select a Domain page, select the domain of the new domain controller, and then
click Next.
13. On the Select a Site page, select a site from the list or select the option to install the
domain controller in the site that corresponds to its IP address, and then click Next.
14. On the Additional Domain Controller Options page, make the following selections, and
then click Next:
QUS6.How many partitions we require to install WIN Server 2003.Which type of
partition we require while installing Windows Server 2003 and why?

ANS:
One partition required to install window server 2003. Windows Server 2003 supports the NTFS
file system in addition to the file allocation table (FAT) and FAT32 file systems. Windows
Server 2003, Windows XP Professional, Windows 2000, and Windows NT are the only
Microsoft operating systems that you can use to gain access to data on a local hard disk that is
formatted with NTFS. If you plan to gain access to files that are on a local Windows Server 2003
partition with the Microsoft Windows 95 or Windows98 operating systems, you should format
the partition with a FAT or FAT32 file system.