Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
1
pirvel rigSi daxmarebas vuwevT 1. obstruqciul sunTqvis an centraluri
cianozis, respiratoruli distresis niSnebiT Semosul pacients. Semdeg
E
2. komatozur mdgomareobebSi myof, an gulyriT Semosul pacientebs
da
3. Semdeg mZime dehidrataciiT Semosul pacientebs(dehidrataciis niSnebia:
leTargia, Cacvenili Tvalebi, turgoris daqveiTeba) . Tu am niSnebidan 2 mainc
aris gamoxatuli, saxezea mZime dehidratacia.
2
laringotraqeobronqits, emateba xmauriani eqspiracia (vizingi) da
produqtiuli xvela.
3
pacienti stridoriT
istoria gadawyviteT:
daadgineT:
SeafaseT angioelema
aspiracia/ucxo sxeuli
mwvave respiratoruli distresis xarisxi morecidive/
qronikuli
saSualo mZime Zalian mZime
bronqodilatatorebis dozebi
5
parenteraluri i.v. 10 mkg/kg _ 10 wT-is ganmavlobaSi
gaagrZeleT infuzia 0,2 mkg/kg/wT maqs.
2 mkg/kg/wT
bronqioliti
epiglotiti
peritonzilaruli abscesi
difteria
pnevmoToraqsi
daxrCoba
8
respiratoruli distresi: mstvinavi sunTqva, asTma, filtvebis qronikuli
obstruqciuli daavadeba fqod + ( pacientebi <16 w) (pediatriuli)
ABC
Hhaergamtari gzebis, sunTqvis da cirkulaciis swrafi Sefaseba
uzrunvelhyavi haergamtari gzebis gamtaroba (ventilacia, sanacia)
BLS ALS
9
Tu saWiroa moiTxove kvalificiuri uzrunvelyavi sasunTqi gzebis gamavloba
speializirebuli brigadis daxmareba (Tu aseTi *1
arsebobs)
mkurnal eqimTan SeTanxmebis Semdeg daexmare daiwye ekg-s monitoringi, Tu
pacients danidaniSnuli sainhalacio saSualebis adgili aqvs ariTmias, gamoiyene Sesabamisi
miRebaSi ariTmiis protokoli
moaTavse pacienti komfortul mdgomareobaSi, mousmine sunTqvas, mstvinavi sunTqvis
Tbil garemoSi, pacientis transporti moaxdine dros – albuteroli 2,5mg/3 ml natriumis
mSobelTan erTad (Tvalyuri adevne qloridSi inhalaciurad.
haergamtari gzebis finqcias, nevrologiur
statuss da sasicocxlo niSnebs) intarvenurad natriumis qloridis
SemanarCunebeli siTxe (saSualo an mZime
SemTxvevebSi)
moaTavse pacienti komfortul
mdgomareobaSi,
Tbil garemoSi, pacientis transporti
moaxdine
mSobelTan erTad (Tvalyuri adevne
haergamtari gzebis finqcias,
nevrologiur statuss da sasicocxlo niSnebs)
Semdgomi mkurnaloba
10
samkurnalo RonisZiebebi (variantebi):
mstvinavi sunTqva – miewodos albuteroli 2,5 mg/3 ml fiziologiur xsnarSi
gaxsnili nebulaizeriT uwyvetad.
stridori – nebulaizeriT fiziologiuri xsnaris orTqlis miwodeba.
stridori an mstvinavi sunTqva ar aris – epinefrini 5 mg (1:1000) nebulaizeriT
an 0,01 mg/kg kanqveS.
maqsimaluri doza 0,35 mg.
*1 intubacia Semoinaxe im pacientisTvis visac aqvs daqveiTebuli mentaluri
statusi da respiratoruli aresti, sxva SemTxvevaSi agresiulad umkurnale
medikamentebiT sanam gadawyvet intubacias!
xarisxis Semowmeba:
e.t.milis mdebareobis Semowmeba, sawyisi SaO2, pasuxi Terapiaze,
sunTqvis xmianoba. pacientis mdgomareoba SaO2
mkurnalobis Semdeg
Semoklebebi:
B- sunTqvis uzrunvelyofa
11
siTburi dakvra
hipoTermia
12
infuzuri Terapiis principebi pediatriaSi
14
K meqv/l = 0,3×M kg×(4,5- K W)
Na- 2-4 meqv/100ml
K- 2-3 meqv/100ml
deficitis mixedviT:
0.6(vaJebSi)
koreqcia:
Ca Chloratis 10%
15
axalS. 33-50 mg/kg intravenurad 8 sT-Si erTxel.
mmol/l : 4 = mg/dl
metaboluri darRvevebi
16
bikarbonatuli sistema, romelic akavSirebs filtvebisa da Tirkmelebis
muSaobas naxSirmJavas disociaciis reaqciiT.
pH mJavianobis mxares gadaxrisas filtvebi iwyeben Co2-is gaZlierebul
gamoyofas hiperventilaciis gziT. xolo Tirkmelebi SardSi zrdian
wyalbadis ionebis koncentracias, riTac mJava-tutovani mdgomareoba
wonasworobaSi rCeba. tutianobis mxares gadaxrisas, ki piriqiT filtvebi
ikaveben Co2-s, xolo Tirkmelebi wyalbadis ionebs.
reanimaciis procesSi sainteresoa arteriul sisxlSi gazebis gansazRvra,
magram zogjer es ver xerxdeba da xdeba kapilaruli, an venuri sisxlis
gamokvleva gazebze. samive SemTxvevaSi maCveneblebi gansxvavebulia
erTmaneTisagan. gansakuTrebiT Co2 da O 2 parcialuri Semcvelobaa aris
gansxvavebuli.
pH-art- 7,35-7,45 mm Hg
pH venuri- 7,33-7,4 mm Hg
pH kapil. 7,33-7,4 mm Hg
p CO2-art.- 35-45 mm Hg
p O2-art.- 90-100 mm Hg
p O2 venuri 30-50mm Hg
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anu adeqvaturi ventilaciiT. metaboluri ki saWiroebs garda ventilaciis
mowesrigebisa, natriumis bikarbonatis intravenurad Seyvanas. misi Seyvana
rekomendirebulia mxolod im SemTxvevebSi, Tu gansazRvrulia sisxlSi gazebi
da dadasturebulia metaboluri acidozi. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi misi Seyvana
pacientis mdgomareobas kidev ufro daamZimebs da ratom?
sodis saboloo daSlis produqtebia CO2 da H2O. respiratoruli acidozis
dros organizmSi isedac Warbadaa CO2 da araadeqvaturi ventilaciis
pirobebSi(hipoqsia), arasaWiroebis dros misi Seyvana kidev ufro moumatebs
CO2 dones, rac gamoiwvevs uku reaqcias, anu pacientis mdgomareobis damZimebas.
misi Seyvanisas aucilebelia iyos adeqvaturi ventilacia. dozireba 1-2 meqv/kg.
unda SeviyvanoT Zalian nela ,
sasurvelia infuzomatiT, did ganzavebaSi da magistralur sisxlZarRvebSi.
ara SeiZleba misi Seyvana endotraqealurad kaustikuri efeqtis gamo.
alkalozis dros xdeba pH momateba > 7,45. respiratorulis mizezs
warmoadgens hiperventilacia, am dros naxSirorJangis done sisxlSi
qveiTdeba. misi koreqcia mdgomareobs gamomwvevi mizezis moxsnaSi da
adeqvaturi ventilaciis SerCevaSi. metaboluri alkalozis mizezebi SeiZleba
iyos Seupovari Rebineba,diuretikebis an steroidebis xangrZlivi mireba,
sodis araadeqvaturi Seyvana. koregireba mdgomareobs hipokalemiis
koregirebasa da adeqvaturi infuzuri Terapiis SerCevaSi. agreTve diakarbi
iniSneba peroralurad 5 mg/kg erTxel dReSi yoveldRe an dRegamoSvebiT.
alkalozi ufro Znelad eqvemdebareba koreqcias, vidre acidozi.
komponenti +2 +1 -1 qulebi
wona >20kg 10-20 kg <10kg
haergamtaroba normaluri SenarCunebuli ar aris
SenarCunebuli
sist art. >90 50-90 <50
wneva sxivis Zvalze saZile palpaciiT ar
arteriaze isinjeba
cns srul gaZnelebulia koma
gonebazea kontaqti
motexiloba ar aris daxuruli an mravlobiTi
saeWvo daxuruli an
motexilobaze Ria
Wriloba ar aris mcire didi
penetrirebuli
an damwvroba
18
>10%
qulebis jami
9-12 mcire tramva
6-8 sasicocxlo funqciebis SesanarCuneblad saWiroebs tramvis centrSi
moTavsebas
0-5 saWiroebs tramvis centrSi moTavsebas
< 0 saWiroebs uaxloes klinikaSi moTavsebas
Cvilebi Zilis dros ZiriTadad zurgze wvanan, rac SIDS-is mizezi xdeba;
Tumca SesaZlebelia mucelze wolis drosac ganviTardes SIDS; mniSvneloba
aqvs dedis anamnezs, perinatalur infeqciebs, Tandayolil infeqciebs,
sindromebs (daunis, pier-robanis da sxva), filtvebis daavadebebs, gulis
Tandayolil daavadebebs, dedis mier medikamentebis gamoyenebas, sigaretis
mowevas, travmebs da sxva.
SIDSE _ ganviTarebis yvelaze xSiri mizezi aris GER _ 12%; krunCxva 5%;
pnevmonia an bronqioliti 5%; metaboluri darRvevebi 2%; meningiti an
encefaliti 1%.
febriluri gulyra
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epistatusi
Cvenebebi: yvela pacienti romelsac aReniSneba aqtiuri krunCxva, krunCxviTi aqtivoba bolo 1 saaTis
ganmavlobaSi da ar aqvs winamorbedi epilefsiis amnamnezi. pacientebi, romlebsac aReniSnebaT
cnobierebis darRveva romelic asocirebulia Tvalis deviaciasTan; nawlavis da/an Sardis buStis
moqmedebaze kontrolis dakargva; sxeulis uneblie, riTmuli an tonuri moZraobebi
21
darwmundi sasunTqi gzebis gamavlobaSi
BLS ALS
SeniSvnebi:
*1 Tu sisxlis glukozis gansazRvra ver xerxdeba da eWvi gvaqvs hipoglikemiaze, miawode glukoza
xarisxis maCveneblebi
23
cnobierebis done sasicocxlo niSnebi da art. sisxlis saturacia Terapiaze pasuxi
pacientis mdgomareoba
Semoklebebi:
komatozuri mdgomareobebi
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mozrdili, bavSvi, axalSobili, Cvili
Tvalebis spontanuri, mizanmimarTuli 4
gaxela
reaqcia xmaze 3
reaqcia tkivilze 2
reaqcia ar aris 1
verbaluri kiTxvaze adeqvaturad pasuxobs, 5
reaqcia sicili,titini, mzeris gayoleba
kiTxvaze abneulad 4
pasuxobs(dizorientirebulia),
gamaRizianebeli tirili
15 qula –
kiTxvaze araadeqvaturad pasuxobs, 3 naTeli
tirili tkivilze cnobiereba,
warmoTqvams gaugebar bgerebs, 2 13-14 qula
kvnesa tkivilze stupori, 9-
12 qula-
ar laparakobs, 1
sopori, 4-8
pasuxi ar aris
qula koma,
motoruli asrulebs miTiTebebs, 6
3 qula
reaqcia spontanuri moZraoba
Tavis
mizanmimarTuli moZraoba(tkivilze), 5
tvinis
mocileba Sexebaze
qerqis
sikvdilis
mocileba(tkivilze)/ amoZravebs 4
realuri
kidurebs
saSiSroeba.
tkivilze paTologiuri 3
moxra(dekortikacia)
tkivilze paTologiuri 2
gaSla(decerebracia)
moZraoba ar aReniSneba 1
26
hipoglikemia: deqxtroza 25% 1 g/kg
hiperkalemia &: 10% kalciumis qloridi 20 mg/kg ZvalSi an intravenuli bolusis saxiT
(maqsimaluri erTjeradi doza 500 mg) an natriumis bikarbonati1 meq/kg ZvalSi an
intravenurad.
an naloqsoni 0,1 mg/kg <5 w an <20 kg. naloqsoni 2 mg Tu >an= 5 w an >an= 20 kg. *7
SeniSvnebi:
*4 gamoiyene epinefrinis maRali dozebi (1:1000) 0,1 – 0,2 mg/kg meore da momdevno ineqciisas.
27
*8 magniumis sulfati intravenuri bolusis saxiT: 2 g-mde , ganzavdes SpricSi 10 ml
natriumis qloridSi.
Semoklebebi:
B- sunTqvis uzrunvelyofa
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da savarudo hipoTermiiT. pacienti SesaZloa daemsgavsos klinikurad mkvdars gulisa da centraluri
nervuli sistemis funqciis daqveiTebis gamo, is SeiZleba iyos civi da rigiduli, magram reanimacia
mainc unda iqnes dawyebuli. pulsis da sunTqvis mcdelobebis dadgena SesaZloa Zalze rTuli iyos,
ris ris gamoc maTi gamokvleva unda moxdes sruli 30 wamis gamnavlobaSi.
samkurnalo RonisZiebebi:
moaxdine pacientis transportireba iseT ganyofilebaSi sadac saswrafo eqstrakorporuli
membranuli oqsigenaciis (ekmo- xelovnrui gul-filtvis aparati) saSuleba aris (Tu aseTi
arsebobs). &
Seasrule damatebiTi defibrilacia &
29
miawode damatebiT i.v. siTxeebi &
damatebiTi epinefrinis doza 1:1000 0,1 mg/kg intravenurad/ZvalSi an endotraqeulad 5 wuTSi
erTxel. *6 &
gamoiyene antiariTmiuli saSualebebi. *6
& - gadawyvetilebis misaRebad daamyare kontaqti samedicino xelmZRvanelTan an eqim-
specialistTan
SeniSvnebi:
*1 defibrilaciisTvis aRniSnuli energiis done mowodebulia monofazuri Sokis dros,
bifazuri Sokis dros energiis dabali donis miwodebacaa SesaZlebeli samedicino
xelmZRvanelTan SeTanxmebis Semdeg.
*2 unda ganxorcieldes maqsimum 2 intubaciis mcdeloba, Tu intubacia da ventilacia ver
xerxdeba, saWiroa 2 piris mier Sesrulebuli ambu niRbiT ventilacia an e.w. combi-tube-is
Cadgma an laringealuri niRbis Cadgma..
*3 rekomendirebulia pacientis frTxilad moZraoba, radgan zedmetma uxeSma moZraobebma
SesaZloa parkuWovani fibrilacia gamoiwvios.
*4 sasurvelia intravenuri midgoma iqnes miRweuli. SesaZloa ZvalSida infuziis da
ineqciebis Sesruleba ZvalSida an msxvili intravenuri kaTeteris gamoyenebiT wina
proqsimalur antekubitalur fosoSi. ZvlaSida an intravenuri wamlebi Seyvanili unda iqnes
swrafad bolusis saxiT. Tu pacientis riTmi gardaiqmneba supraventrikulurad
antiariTmiuli saSualebis Seyvanamde, Seiyvane lidokaini 1 mg/kg ZvalSi an intravenurad an 2
mg/kg endotraqeulad.
*5 moacile pacients yovelgvari sveli tansacmeli, siTbos Semdgomi kargvis Tavidan
acilebis mizniT.
*6 Rrma hipoTermiis dros medikamentebis miwodebas Soris dro unda gaxangrZlivdes
sasurveli efeqtis misaRebad. wamlebi da defibrilacia xSirad araefeqturia.
xarisxis maCveneblebi:
gulis gaCerebidan gasuli drois codna, defibrilaciaTa raodenoba axlomdgomi,
saintubacio milis swori mdebareoba, pacientis mdgomareoba romelic asrulebs
g-f reanimacias,
medikamentebis dozireba,
Sesabamisi ganyofilebis arseboba.
Semoklebebi:
B- sunTqvis uzrunvelyofa
30
C- cirkulacia (Sefaseba, uzrunvelyofa maT Soris gul-filtvis reanimacia)
Hhipotenziis kriteriumebi
BLS ALS
31
&kardioversiamde moTxovnilebis infuzia
ganixile premedikaciis
saWiroeba
mkurnalobis variantebi
& sinq. kardioversia & amiodaroni 2,5mg/kg 100mlD5 Tan
araefeqturobis SemTxvevaSi i.v. nela, wveTovnad 20-60 wT-Si.
gavzardoT doza 1-2j/kg-ze
premedikacia
& diazepami 0.1mg/kg i.v./i..o. (maqs doza CvilebSi & morfini 1-3mg i.v./i.o.
SeniSvnebi:
xarisxis maCvenebeli
xangrZlivoba
Semoklebebi:
32
B- sunTqvis uzrunvelyofa
BLS ALS
33
amiodaroni an
lidokaini 1mg./kg i.v. nela
mkurnalobis variantebi
premedikacia
SeniSvnebi:
xarisxis maCvenebeli
Semoklebebi:
B- sunTqvis uzrunvelyofa
34
C- cirkulacia (Sefaseba, uzrunvelyofa maT Soris gul-filtvis reanimacia)
VT – parkuWovani taqikardia
D5 – 5% glukozis xsnari
gamonaklisebi: Tavis travma, Soki, masiuri travmuli dazianeba, mwvave respiratoruli distresi an
seriozuli ariTmia. dauyovneblis gamoiyene Sesabamisi protokoli Tu pacienti aris: apneaSi,
cianozuri, hipoventilaciisagan cnobiereba daqveiTebuli, an aReniSneba sunTqvis ukmarisobis an
gulis ariTmiis niSnebi.
BLS ALS
Sesabamisi protokoli
35
samedicino selmZRvanelTan SeTanxmebiT,
saWiroebisas
izrune transportirebaze
SeniSvnebi:
*1 & Tu pacients aqvs diabetis anamnezi da SeuZlia akontrolos sasunTqi gzebis gamavloba,
samedicino konsultantma SeiZleba girCios glukozis oraluri miwodeba. glukoza oralurad
unda miewodos mcire raodenobiT, radganac moaswros gadnoba Semdegi dozis sublingvalurad
36
micemamde. oraluri glukozis micema xdeba mxolod diabetis anamnezis mqone pacientebTan
romlebsac SeuZliaT akontrolon sasunTqi gzebis gamavloba.
*2 Tu sisxlis glukozis gansazRvra ver xerxdeba da eWvi gvaqvs hipoglikemiaze: miawode i.v.
glukoza an glukagoni 0,1 mg/kg (maqs. 1 mg)
*3 naloqsoni
xarisxis maCveneblebi
pacientis mdgomareoba
Semoklebebi:
B- sunTqvis uzrunvelyofa
37
mizani: samkurnalo RonisZiebebis Cvenebebis an ukuCvenebeis amocnoba, da maTi ganxorcieleba,
anafilaqsiis simptomebis Sesamsubuqeblad.
Cvenebebi: savaraudo alergiuli reaqcia, romelic dakavSirebulia hipoperfuziasTan
(Secvlili mentaluri statusi, hipotenzia), zemo sasunTqi gzebis distresi an sxva
simptomebi (tkivili gulmkerdis areSi, gaZnelebuli sunTqva, Tavbrusxveva).
mkurnalobis variantebi:
rCevebi Rrma hipotenziis dros – epinefrini (1:10,000) 0,01 mg/kg (0,1 ml/kg) nela intravenurad,
damatebiT i.v. natriumis qloridis xsnari 20 ml/kg.
Sokis sawinaaRmdego sartyelis gaberva.
Zlieri bronqospazmis dros: albuterolis (salbutamolis) mudmivi miwodeba nebulaizeriT,
ganixile intubaciis sakiTxi, epinefrini kanqveS, kunTSi, intravenurad an endotraqeulad.
xarsixis maCveneblebi:
sasicocxlo niSnebi da SaO2, SaO2, mkurnalobis Semdeg pasuxi mkurnalobaze,
gamonayaris
38
filtvis xmianoba pacientis mdgomareoba arseboba.
.
Semoklebebi:
39
gulmkerdis nemsiT Cxvleta-dekompresia, Cvenebis
Mmoaxdene drouli transportireba mixedviT *1
(maqs. adgilze gaCerebis dro 10 wT.)
Tu saxifaTo garemoa:
moaxdine swrafi evakuacia, ventilaciiTa da gul-
filtvis reanimaciiT.
moaxdine drouli transporti
(maqs. adgilze gaCerebis dro 10 wT.)
ZvalSi an intravenurad Cadgi msxvili kaTeteri,
daiwfiz.xsn. an ringer-laqt. infuzia wneviT 20 ml/kg *3
epinefrini (1:1000) 0,01 mg/kg
ZvalSi/intravenurad an epinefrini (1:1000) 0,1 mg/kg
endotraqeul milSi *4
Tu ar aris gulmkerdis travma –daawvine travmis
sawinaaRmdego leibze
& miiRe konsultacia an gadawyvite pacientis
mdgomareobis mixedviT.*2
samkurnalo RonisZiebebi:
damatebiTi siTxis intravenuri bolusi 20 ml/kg &
antiariTmuli saSualebebis gamoyeneba &
SeniSvnebi:
*1 unda ganxorcieldes maqsimum 2 intubaciis mcdeloba TiToeuli samedicino personalis
mier, Tu intubacia da ventilacia ver xerxdeba, saWiroa 2 piris mier Sesrulebuli ambu
niRbiT ventilacia an laringealuri niRbis an e.w. combi-tube Cadgma.
*2 Tu dro saSualebas iZleva gabere samedicino Sokis sawinaaRmdego leibis samive
ganyofileba.
*3 sasurvelia intravenuri kaTeteri iqnes Cadgmuli. SesaZloa ZvalSida infuziis da
ineqciebis Sesruleba ZvalSida an msxvili intravenuri kaTeteris gamoyenebiT wina
proqsimalur antekubitalur fosoSi. ZvlaSida an intravenuri wamlebi Seyvanili unda iqnes
swrafad bolusis saxiT. Tu pacientis riTmi gardaiqmneba supraventrikulurad
antiariTmiuli saSualebis Seyvanamde, Seiyvane lidokaini 1 mg/kg ZvalSi an intravenurad an 2
mg/kg endotraqeulad.
40
*4 gamoiyene epinefrinis maRali dozebi (1:1000) 0,1 – 0,2 mg/kg meore da momdevno ineqciisas. &
& satelefono konsultacia samdicino xelmZRvanelTan an eqim-specialistTan
Semoklebebi:
B- sunTqvis uzrunvelyofa
ufro naklebi).
hemodinamikuri parametrebi:
41
_____________________________________________________________________________
__________
BLS ALS
saWiroa ALS
42
Atropine 0,02 mg/kg (minim. doza 0,1 mg)
dauyovnebeli transportireba
3 - 5 wT-Si erTxel.
SeniSvnebi:
ABC uzrunvelyofa.
kbili win unda uswrebdes QRS, 100 sixSirze). gazarde voltaJi 5 mA-iT
xarisxis maCveneblebi
sasicocxlo niSnebis
CaTvliT
Semoklebebi:
44
ABC – A -sasunTqi gzebis gamavlobis uzrunvelyofa
B- sunTqvis uzrunvelyofa
ET – endotraqealuri mili
BLS ALS
45
ganixile premedikacia) moTxovnileba
mkurnalobis variantebi
&sinq. kardioversia gavzardoT doza & adenozini 1-
2j/kg-ze araefeqturobis SemTxvevaSi. gaaormage da gaimeore doza (maqs. meore
doza12mg)
&amiodaroni 2,5mg/kg 100mlD5 Tan & lidokaini1mg/kg i.v.
i.v. nela, wveTovnad 20-60 wT-Si (mxolod farTokompleqsovanis dros!!!)
premedikacia
yvela wamalma SeiZleba gamoiwvios hipotenzia an sunTqviTi depresia
& diazepami 0,1 mg/kg (maqs. erTjeradi doza CvilebisTvis 5 mg, mozardebisTvis 10 mg)
& კეტამინი 6-8მგ/კგ ი.მ 2მგ/კგ ი.ვ.
SeniSvnebi:
xarisxis maCvenebeli
Semoklebebi:
B- sunTqvis uzrunvelyofa
Soki (pediatriuli)
Hhipotenziis kriteriumebi
BLS ALS
47
moiTxoveT kontaqti gadaudebeli samedicino
daxmarebis ganyofilebis eqimTan daaintubireT Tu ver xerxdeba
daiwye swrafi transportireba haergamtari gzebis gamavlobis da
(vakontroloT sunTqva, nevrologuri statusi adeqvaturi ventilaciis SenarCuneba.*1
Dda sasicocxlo parametrebi)
gamoviyenoT monitoringi gavarCioT
ekg, Tu ariTmiaa gamoviyenoT Sesabamisi
ariTmiis protokoli.
(sruli monitoringiT)
mkurnalobis variantebi:
SeniSvna:
*1 Mmaqsimum intubirebis ori cda, Tu SeuZlebelia milis Cayeneba, daixmareT ori adamiani
niRbiT xelovnuri sunTqvis CatarebisaTvis (“ambuTi”)
xarisxis maCvenebeli
48
Ffiltvis xmianoba mentaluri statusi mkurna-
kapilaruli avseba SeafaseT mentaluri lobis Semdeg
statusi da
sasicocxlo niSnebi
Semoklebebi:
B- sunTqvis uzrunvelyofa
A sasunTqi gzebi
(maTavseT swor poziciaSi da CaatareT sanacia)
BB sunTqva
(sunTqvis stimulireba)
C cirkulacia
49
bavSvis Tavis swori pozicia sasunTqi gzebis gamavlobisaTvis, sasunTqi gzebis
sanacia saWiroebisamebr. Tavi unda iyos odnav ukan gadaweuli, e.w. "Seynosvis "
pozaSi. sasunTqi sistema unda imyofebodes swor horizontalur xazze, raTa
haergamavloba iyos saukeTeso.
.
B (bloki) sunTqva Tu bavSvs aReniSneba apnoe da gcs <80, Tqven exmarebiT
bavSvs spontanuri sunTqvis aRdgenaSi da iwyebT filtvebis dadebiTi wneviT
ventilacias . Tu igi cianozuria, SegiZliaT miawodoT damatebiT Jangbadi.
natriumis bikarbonati 5%an 8,4 %-iani- Zalian nela, did ganzavebaSi, msxvili
yalibris sisxlZarRvebSi araviTar SemTxvevaSi endotraqealurad, kaustikuri
efeqtis gamo. dozireba 1-2 meqv/kg. mxolod adeqvaturi ventilaciis pirobebSi.
50
dopamini – 2-20 mkg/kg/wT 400 mg dopamini ganzavebuli 250 ml fiz. Seicavs 1600
mkg/ml.
endotraqealuri intubacia
(asaki(wlebSi) : 4 ) + 4
51
eqimi detalurad unda erkveodes amaTu im reJimSi aparatis muSaobis
principebSi, raTa arsebobdes pacientis usafrTxoebis garantia da
warmatebuli mkurnalobis safuZveli.
terminologia da abreviaturebi:
52
moculobis kontroliT ventilatorebiT akontroleben pH da pCO2
53
sicocxlis gadarCenis ZiriTadi algoriTmi (BLS) mozrdilebSi
ganaxorciele 1 CasunT
pulsi ar aris wm-Si erTxel
Seamowme pulsi 2 wT-S
defibrilatori damuxtulia
gansazRvre ritmi
ki ara
saWiroa el. Soki?
54
Caatare 1 ganmuxtva dauyovnebliv Caatare gfr 5
dauyovnebliv Caatare gfr 5 cikli. yoveli 5 ciklis Semdeg
cikli Seamowme ritmi. gaagrZele gfr
sanam Catardeba ALS an
axalSobilTa reanimaciis algoriTmi
dabadeba
sanayofe siTxe
sufTaa?
rutinuli
droulia?
(Cveulebrivi)
sunTqavs an tiris? diax movla:
kunTTa tonusi
kargia?
siTburi
kani vardisferia? reJimi
ara
sasunTqi
gzebis sanacia
uzrunvelyaviT siTbo gamSraleba
swori pozicia;
sasunTqi gzebis
sanacia* (rogorc
saWiroa);
gamSraleba,
taqtiluri
stimulacia, repozicia
Jangbadis miwodeba
(saWiroebisamebr)
ventilacia,gcs> 100
filtvis ventilacia
vardisferi mimdinare
dadebiTi wneviT*
mudmivi,meTvalyu
gcs < 60 gcs > 60 reoba
filtvis ventilacia
dadebiTi wneviT*
gulis arapirdapiri masaJi
gcs < 60
55
SeiyvaneT adrenalini
mwvave mowamvlebi
paracetamoliT intoqsikacia_
- mieciT naxSiri
- infuzuri Terapia
- pulsoqsimetriis Catareba.
antiqolinerguli
simptomebi: midriazi, mxedvelobis dabindva, cxeleba, kanis simSrale,
hiperemia, gauvaloba, Sardis Sekaveba, taqikardia, hipertenzia, fsiqozi, koma,
krunCxvebi, mioklnusi; medikamenti / toqsini: antihistaminuri saSualebebi,
atropini, baklofeni, benztropini, cikluri antidepresantebi, fenoTiazinebi,
propanTelini, skopolamini; antidoti: fizostigmini (ar gamoiyenoT cikluri
antidepresantebiT mowamvlis dros),
natriumis bikarbonati (cikluri antidepresantebiT mowamvlis SemTxvevaSi).
qolinerguli
simptomebi: salivacia, Sardva, diarea, kuW-nawlavis sistemis spazmebi,
Rebineba, qoSini, oflianoba, bronqorea, bradikardia, miozi; medikamenti /
toqsini: karbamati, fosfororganuli naerTebi, fizostigmini, pilokarpini;
antidoti: atropini, pralidoqsimi (fosfororganuli naerTebis
sawinaaRmdegod).
beta adrenerguli
simptomebi: taqikardia, hipotenzia, tremori; medikamenti / toqsini:
albuteroli, kofeini, terbutalini, Teofilini; antidoti: beta blokatorebi
(sifrTxiliT gamoiyeneT asTmis dros).
alfa adrenerguli
simptomebi: hipertenzia, bradikardia, midriazi; medikamenti / toqsini:
fenilefrini, fenilpropanolamini; antidoti: hipertenziis dros fentolamini
an nitroprusidi; ar gamoiyeneba mxolod beta blokerebi.
sedaciur/hipnozuri
simptomebi: stupori da koma, konfuzia, gaugebari metyveleba, apnoe;
medikamenti/toqsini: antikonvulsantebi, antifsiqozuri, barbituratebi,
benzodiazepinebi, eTanoli, meprobamati, opiatebi; antidoti: opiatebis
SemTxvevaSi _ naloqsoni, benzodiazepinebis dros _ flumazenili,
fenobarbitalis SemTxvevaSi _ Sardis gatutianeba.
halucinogenuri
57
simptomebi: halucinaciebi, fsiqozi, panika, cxeleba, midriazi, hiperTermia;
medikamenti / toqsini: amfetaminebi, kanabinoidebi, kokaini, lsd; antidoti:
benzodiazepinebi, haloperidoli.
eqstrapiramiduli
simptomebi: rigidoba/tremori, opistotonusi, trizmi, hiperrefleqsia,
qoreoaTetozi; medikamenti / toqsini: haloperidoli, fenoTiazinebi;
antidoti: difenilhidramini, benztropini.
narkotikuli
simptomebi: Secvlili cnobiereba, neli sunTqva, miozi, bradikardia,
hipotenzia, hipoTermia, Sesustebuli peristaltika; medikamenti / toqsini:
deqstromeTorfani, opioidebi, pentazocini, propoqsifeni; antidoti:
naloqsoni.
specifikuri antodotebi
toqsini an medikamenti specifikuri
antidoti
acetaminofeni N- acetilcisteini
benzodiazepinebi flumazenili*
β-blokatorebi atropini,
glukagoni
kalciumis arxis atropini, kalciumi,
blokatorebi glukagoni
naxSiris monoqsidi hiperbaruli
oqsigenacia
qolinesTerazas atropini,
inhibitorebi pralidoqsimi
cianidebi amil
nitriti/natriumis
nitriti/natriumis
Tiosulfati
saTiTuras preparatebi digoqsin Fab
antodoti
eTilen glikoli fomepizoli,
eTanoli,
piridoqsini,
Tiamini
heparini protamin sulfati
rkina deferoqsamini
izoniazidi piridoqsini
58
meTanoli fomepizoli,
eTanoli, folati
metotreqsati foliumis mJava
methemoglobinemia meTilenis lurji
opioidebi naloqsoni
oraluri hipoglikemiuri deqstoza,
agentebi glukagoni
organofosfatebi atropini,
pralidoqsimi
simpatomimetikebi fentolamini,
benzodiazepinebi
varfarini vitamini K, plazma
*benzodiazepinebis mier gamowveuli
intoqsikaciis mosaxsnelad am preparatebze
aradamokidebul pacientebSi
fasci mxolod
kula- atropinis
ciebi Semdeg
da mozrdili: 1
sisus g IV
te bavSvebi: 25
mg/kg IV
simptomebis
persistirebi
s SemTxvevaSi
gameoreba 1
sT-is Semdeg
fenoTiazi difenhidra- simpt 0.5-1.0 mg/kg
-nebi mini omuri IV, IM.
intoq araumetes 50
64
si- mg
kacia
qolinesT atropini simpt mozrdilebi:
e-razas omuri 1-5 mg IV,
inhibito- intoq saWiroebisas
rebi si- dozis
kacia, gaormageba 3-
bronq 5 wT-Si
orea erTxel
bavSvebi: 50
mkg/kg
(minimaluri
0.1 mg,
maqsimaluri
0.5 mg) IV.
saWiroebisas
pralidoqsim dozis
i gaormageba 3-
5 wT-Si
simpt erTxel
omuri
intoq
si- mozrdilebi:
kacia 1-2 g IV
infuzia 30
wT-is
ganmavlobaSi
, Semdeg
infuzia 500
mg/sT mZime
pacientebSi.
bavSvebSi: 20-
50 mg/kg
(maqsimum 1-2
g) IV infuzia
30-60 wT-is
ganmavlobaSi
, Semdeg 10-20
mg/kg/sT
(maqsimum 500
mg/sT).
L- valproatis Sard klinikurad
karnitini mJava ovana gamovlenili:
s 100 mg/kg
momat (maqs 6 g) IV
eba, infuzia 30
AST/A wT-is
65
LT ganmavlobaSi
momat , Semdeg 15
eba mg/kg infuzia
30 wT-is
ganmavlobaSi
4 sT-Si
erTxel.
66