Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Ezhilraman
Subject: Geography
For Class: IX
PGT-Social Science
JNV Lepakshi
02-03-2015 R. Ezhilraman, PGT-Social Science 1
What is Climate?
Climate is the characteristic condition of the
atmosphere near the earth's surface at a certain
place on earth.
It refers to the sum total of weather conditions and
variation over a large area for a long period of time.
It is the long-term weather of that area which
remains at least 30 years.
RELATED TO AIR
RELATED TO LOCATION
PRESSURE & WIND
Latitude is the
distance a place
lies north or
south of the
equator and is
measured by an
imaginary line
called lines of
latitude.
02-03-2015 R. Ezhilraman, PGT-Social Science 10
LATITUDE
High range
of Temp
High Temp
Low range
EQUATORIAL REGION
Temperate Zone
Torrid Zone
Temperate Zone
DARJILING
40C in January
LOW ALTITUDE
Water Bodies
Large bodies of water such as lakes and oceans have an
important effect on the temperature of an area because
the temperature of the water body influences the
temperature of the air above it.
Atmospheric Circulation
Global winds are another factor that influences climate
because they distribute heat and moisture around Earth.
Solar Activity
When the Sun is most active, it contains dark blemishes
called sunspots. The formation of sunspots appears to
correspond with warm periods in Europe and North
America.
Earth Motions
Geographic changes in Earth’s land and water bodies
cause changes in climate. Changes in the shape of
Earth’s orbit and the tilt of Earth on its axis are other
Earth motions that affect global climates.
Global Warming
As a result of increased levels of carbon dioxide and
other greenhouse gases, global temperatures have
increased. This increase is called global warming.
POLAR HIGH
POLAR HIGH
HIGH PRESSURE
IN WINTER
ARABIAN BAY OF
SEA BENGAL
INDIAN OCEAN
SIMLA
DELHI
KOLKOTA
MUMBAI
CHENNAI
Receives high
rainfall
Receives low
rainfall
TIBET
Polar Climate
02-03-2015 R. Ezhilraman, PGT-Social Science 57
Climate of Antarctica
Darwin
Tahiti
1990
Delay in
Monsoon
Equatorial Warm
Current
El-Nino
Homboldt Cold
Current
The Bay of Bengal branch also advances rapidly and arrives in Assam
in the first week of June. The lofty mountains causes the monsoon
winds to deflect towards the west over the Ganga plains.
Delhi generally receives the monsoon showers from the Bay of Bengal
branch by the end of June (tentative date is 29th of June). By the July
first week, western Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana and eastern
Rajasthan experience the monsoon. By mid-July, the monsoon reaches
Himachal Pradesh and the rest of the country.
02-03-2015 R. Ezhilraman, PGT-Social Science 70
02-03-2015 R. Ezhilraman, PGT-Social Science 71
End of the Monsoon
Withdrawal or the retreat of the monsoon is a more gradual
process. The withdrawal of the monsoon begins in north-western
states of India by early September. By mid-October, it withdraws
completely from the northern half of the peninsula. Then it
quickly withdraw from the southern half of the peninsula. By
early December, the monsoon has totally withdrawn from the
country.
The islands receive the very first monsoon showers, from south to
north, between the last week of April and the first week of May.
Then it withdraw from north to south during the first week of
December to the first week of January. By this time, the other
parts of the country is already influencing the winter monsoon.
During winter, the northeast trade winds blow from land to sea. So, most part of
the country faces a dry season. Some amount of rainfall occurs on the Tamil
Nadu coast from these winds as, trade winds blow from sea to land.
In the northern part of the country, a feeble high-pressure region develops, with
light winds moving outwards from this area. Influenced by the relief, these
winds blow through the Ganga valley from the west and the northwest. The
weather is normally marked by clear sky, low temperatures and low humidity
and feeble, variable winds.
100
150
C`
C
200
C
200
250 200 C
C C
200 250
C
C
HIGH
PRESSURE
101
4
Bay of Bengal
RAINFALL DUE
TO WESTERN
DISTURBANCES
RAINFALL DUE
TO NORTH EAST
WIND
250
C
300
C
BARDOLI
CHHEERHA
LOO
KALBAISAKHI
MANGO
SHOWER
BLOSSOM
SHOWER
INTER TROPICAL
EQUATOR
CONVERGENCE ZONE
> 200cm
100-200cm
50-100 cm
< 50cm