MODULE 20

Writer: Jonnalyn C. Inocencio

Lay-out Artist: Miechie S. Dulce
 MODULE 20

Introduction

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World

Module aims to engage students in appreciation and critical study
of 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World, en-
compassing their various dimensions, genres, elements, structures,
contexts, and traditions.

This module allows the students to embark on a journey from

Philippine regions to the different parts of the world through various
literary encounters.

Here, the learners will be accompanied by Lito and Letty, the

ship captains of Balangay ( an old name of a Philippine boat). Lito
is a Filipino Ship Captain who is in-charge of the local destinations.
And Letty is a Lady Ship Captain from other country. She is in-
charge of the tour abroad. Lito and Letty assist each other in every
module visit.

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Legend

This Self Learning Kit is divided into 27 modules with varied parts and
respective icons:

Gearing Up
(Review)

Testing the Water

( Pre-test)

Leaving the Shore

( Priming Activity)

Rocking the Boat

( Activity Proper)

Plotting the Course

( Analysis)

Keeping Track
( Abstraction)

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 MODULE 20

Legend

Approaching Destination
(Application)

Seeing the Lighthouse

( Reflection)

Dropping the Anchor

( Post Test)

Going Back to the Ocean

( Remediation)

Discovering the Gems

( Answer Key)

Every module targets a specific Learning Competency and asks

learners to perform multiple tasks.

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 MODULE 20

Hello, dear student, our fellow voyager!

Welcome…

I’m Letty. Are you ready to set sail

and BEGIN your voyage with this module?

I’m Lito
Well, it’s time to GO
ABOARD to set your quest for
KNOWLEDGE in motion.
Have FUN!

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Horizon Overview

EN12Lit-Ie-27 Analyze the figures of speech and other literary techniques

and devices in the text.

The use of this module requires every learner to demonstrate under-

standing of how the analysis of literary devices such as figures of speech in
the text can be of help in interpreting of different literary texts.
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:

 identify figures of speech;

 display appreciation for literary texts through discovery of figures of
speech; and
 write a brief interpretation of a particular piece of literature.

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 MODULE 20

Connect with the Module:

Some reminders before
cruising:

Use the module with care especially in turning each

page.

Be reminded to answer the Pre-Test before moving

on to the Self-Learning Kit (SLK) Proper.

Read and understand the DIRECTIONS in every

exercise.

Observe honesty in answering the tests and exer-

cises and in checking your answers.

Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of this

module.

Try to finish the task at hand before proceeding to

the next.

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 MODULE 20

Gearing Up

Studying literature can be very easy

with the right amount of knowledge gained
from your journey in the past. Can you recall
module 19? How do literary and non-literary
language differ?

For your next journey , we will

guide you in gathering more literary
tools that will surely make learning
more convenient and meaningful.

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 MODULE 20

Testing the Waters

DIRECTIONS: Using the given answer sheet, darken the circle corresponding
to the letter of the best answer for each item.

1. What figure of speech is highlighted in the following lines?

He said, “You are my day, I am your night.
Our love is the sun and moon intertwined.
By God’s Will I shall never cease loving
you as my one and only loving wife.”
A.Irony
B. Simile
C.Metaphor
D. Personification

2. In general, the persona in the succeeding is compared to ________ ?

When he’s happy, he is a bird.
When relaxing, he’s a lazy crocodile.
When angered, he’s a lion running wild.
A.fishes
B.insects
C.animals
D.mammals

3. Point out the literary device used to create emphasis in the poem below.
And whistles in his sound. Last scene of all,
That ends this strange eventful history,
Is second childishness and mere oblivion,
Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything
. A. Rhyme
B. Simile
C. Metaphor
D. Repetition

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 MODULE 20

Testing the Waters

DIRECTIONS: Using the given answer sheet, darken the circle corresponding
to the letter of the best answer for each item.

4. According to the stanza below, when do trees rest?

Look at the trees as they dance in the rain,
As the wind blows them and they shed their leaves.
When the rain stops ‘tis time for them to rest,
To watch us next as they stand in the breeze.
A.when the sun smiles
B. when the rain stops
C.At noon
D.At night

5. What insight can be gained from the use of Simile

in the lines below?
“This couch,” he said, “is as soft as cotton –
Though its color is as black as ravens.
It’s cheap. To buy it is like buying sweets.”
He said, “I’ll take it then. Please make it ten.”
A. A couch is sweet
B. A couch is sensible
C. A couch is worth the money
D. A couch is cheaper than sweets

Let’s Navigate

Do you like reading poems? Have you ev-

er written one in the past? Poems are expres-
sions of our feelings and innermost thoughts. It
reveals interesting ideas about the environment
and the world we live in. Here is a love poem in a
marble from the land of ________. Let’s start with
the title of the poem.

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 MODULE 20

Leaving the Shore

Jour-

DIRECTIONS: Study the lines carefully and match items in A with the figures
in B. Unlock the title of the poem using the first letters of the answers in B.

_ _ J _ A _ A _

A. B.

1. I live in a shell as hard as a rock

I travel far and carry it at my back

2. They are one of the smallest

But when they bite
They give you pain in its best

3. Like a tower she stands

Long legs and long neck
This bird with its soft plumage lands

4. Enchanting creatures of the water

To a bachelor they seek to find forever

5. Drop the clock it’s time to play

Laugh out loud is not the game
A group battle of legends
Is coming your way

Were you able to get the title of the poem? Did

you enjoy your first activity? Let’s continue with your
journey to this lovely poem. Go to the next page of
the module and discover more.

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 MODULE 20

Rocking the Boat

DIRECTIONS: Read the poem below. Choose the letter corresponding to

the use of the italicized lines.
A. Personification B. Exaggeration C. Comparison D. Repetition

Taj Mahal
translated by Mustansir Dalvi
For you, my love, the Taj These edifices, these tombs,
may well be the quintessence these battlements, these forts,haughty
of ardour; while full well relics of the conceit of emperors,
may you regard are left behind like resilient creepers
this exquisite vale. Even so, on the face of the world,
dear one, let us meet seeped in the blood
some place else. of our forefathers.

What worth, these lowly ones, My love, those artful hands

loitering in the halls of the lords,
where on every path lie etched
remains of pomp and glory?
What worth then, the passing
of lovelorn souls?
My love, behind the veils
of love’s proud proclamations,
did you see the signs
of imperious grandeur?
You, who revel
in mausoleums of dead kings,
did you not heed the dark hovels
that fostered us?
Beyond count are those, in this
world
who have lived and loved.
Could anyone deny the truth
of their passions?
But they, like us, stay destitute,
without the means
to erect monuments to their love.
who created this beauty
would have lived
and loved too; but their lovers
are long gone, nameless,
without a trace.
To this day, no one has lit
a candle in their memory.
The lush gardens and palaces,
the Yamuna’s edge;
the exquisitely carved portals,
the arches and niches,
the handiwork of the one
emperor who, buttress’d
by infinite wealth
has mocked our very love,
our impoverish'd, destitute love.
Even so, my love,
let us meet
some place else.

Did you discover something about the poem?

To what does the speaker compare his love? Get
deeper with the love poem’s meaning as you plot the

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 MODULE 20

Plotting the Course

DIRECTIONS: Study the following questions carefully and write your answer
on each blank.

1. In the first stanza, the speaker in the poem compares his love with
which structure
________________________________________________________

2. What object is personified in the following lines? __________________

My love, behind the veils
of love’s proud proclamations,
did you see the signs
of imperious grandeur?

3. What other comparison and exaggeration are presented in the poem?

___________________________________________________________

4. Notice the repetition of the line, “Even so, my love, let us meet some-
place else,” what is the purpose of the author in doing so? What effect
does it provide the poem?
________________________________________________________

5. What do you think is the message of the speaker for his love? for the
people?
________________________________________________________

Hi! Welcome back! Did you have fun exploring

Taj Mahal? What helped you understand its
message? Move to the next page so we can
place your thoughts on the right track.

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 MODULE 20

Keeping Track

Do you know that unlocking meanings of poems in-

volves process of examining words, phrases and
lines through a familiar set of literary devices? Keep
these in mind.

Literary devices are techniques that writers use to create a special and
meaningful effect in their writing, deliver information and assist the reader in
understanding the literary text on a deeper level. These lead to the level of
clarity and weight of emphasis a learner must gain to build a significant in-
terpretation of the piece.
The following benefits can be attained from studying these devices.:

 identify author’s purpose or intent.

 locate key ideas or passages.
 make the text more interesting.
 unlock the work’s core content and meaning.

A Figure of Speech is a literary device that gives a separate meaning

from its literal definition. Relying on figurative language presents a more
colorful play of words for a more dramatic effect. Here are some of the most
common figures of speech.

Simile
A simile is a comparison between two unlike things using the words
"like" or "as."
Examples: as slippery as an eel, like peas in a pod, as blind as a bat

Metaphor
A metaphor makes a comparison between two unlike things or ideas.
Examples: heart of stone, time is money, the world is a stage

Personification
Personification gives human qualities to non-living things or ideas.
Examples: The thunder grumbled.

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Keeping Track

Hyperbole
Hyperbole uses exaggeration for emphasis or effect.

Examples:
He’s been crying a river of tears.
That must have cost a billion dollars.
I could do this forever.

Repetition
Repetition occurs when words or lines are repeated in the text
to create an effect.

Example:
The bird said, “I don’t sing because I am happy, I
am happy because I sing.”

Did you find these figures of speech in Taj Mahal? Try locating
more figures of speech from the poem. Now that you have learned
figures of speech, can you give your own example for each type?
Challenge yourself more with the next activity.

Remember:
These are just 5 of the most common figures of speech. As you sail
farther, you will meet other types including sound devices in your fu-
ture journeys.

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Approaching Destination
DIRECTIONS: Choose the letter of the figure of speech used in each item.
A. Simile B. Metaphor C. Repetition D. Hyperbole E. Personification

The Evening was Lonely

by Rabindranath Tagore

1. The evening was lonely for

me,
and I was reading a book
2. till my heart became dry,
and it seemed to me
3. that beauty was a thing fash-
ioned by the traders in words.
Tired I shut the book and snuffed
the candle.
4. In a moment the room was
flooded with moonlight.
Spirit of Beauty, how could you,
whose radiance over brims the
sky,
stand hidden behind a candle's
tiny flame?
5. How could a few vain words
from a book rise like a mist, and
veil her whose voice
has hushed the heart of earth into
indescribable calm?

How did you get on with the challenge? Was

the evening really lonely? Prove your knowledge
for the last time as you reflect on the final task.

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Seeing the Lighthouse

DIRECTIONS: Reflect on the poem “The Evening was Lonely” by Rabindranath

Tagore. Write your interpretation of the poem in 5 to 10 sentences. Follow the
given introduction below.

The poem “The Evening was Lonely” which is written by

Rabindranath Tagore expresses the writer’s
__________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________

It describes the __________________________________

___________________________________________________.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________.
______________________________________________________.
______________________________________________________.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________.

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 MODULE 20

Dropping the Anchor

DIRECTIONS: Using the given answer sheet, darken the circle corre-
sponding to the letter of the best answer for each item.

1. What figure of speech is highlighted in the following lines?

Talking to them is like hearing loud thunder.
If you say something, you can’t hear yourself.
Be like a wall that listens and speaks not
When you’re with folks who shout a lot and yell.
A. Simile
B.Metaphor
C. Repetition
D. Personification

For nos. 2 and 3

Islam is our light in this dark game called ‘Life’
Without Islam one’s life is an empty box
Without Islam and without Allah’s Love
The only right path to Heaven may be blocked
So embrace Islam, accept God’s gift from above

2. According to the poem, what would become of one’s life without Islam?
A. Sensible
B. Dangerous
C. Empty
D. Worthless

3. The poem about Islam is an example of _________.

A.Simile
B.Metaphor
C.Hyperbole
D.Personification

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Dropping the Anchor

DIRECTIONS: Using the given answer sheet, darken the circle correspond-
ing to the letter of the best answer for each item.

4. What conclusion does the speaker arrive

at in the following lines?
Our pet feline meowed to say ‘hello’, while
The dogs barked twice to roughly say ‘good day’.
The sounds of honking and beeping outside
Made me think that for work I might be late.

A. he was late
B. he was dreaming
C. his pets were talking
D. he was a kind pet lover

5. What insight can be gained from the use

of Personification below?
All my cargo of the stories of old wars
was tossed by the laughing waves
and soaked in tears and sank.
You must make this loss good to me,
my love.

A. Happy times erase lonely experiences

B. Happy people are never sad
C.Wars are easily forgotten
D.Love heals sadness

At last you’re almost through with your

journey! Did you find it easier to answer
now that you’ve learned figures of
speech? Turn to the next page and let’s
see how many exciting gems you have
discovered.

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Discovering the Gems

Hi! Here are the gems you’ve kept along the

course of your journey. Let’s count them.

PRE-TEST POST-TEST

Leaving the Shore Rocking the Boat Plotting the Course

1. TURTLE 1. B 1. TAJ MAHAL

2. ANT 2. D 2. LOVE
3. HERON 3. A 3. -
4. MERMAID 4. B 4. EMPHASIS
5. LOL 5. C 5. -

Approaching Destination Going Back to the Ocean

1. E
1. F-PERSONIFICATION
2. D
3. B 2. H-SIMILE
4. D 3. I-METAPHOR
5. A 4. S-HYPERBOLE

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(For scores 4-5)

CONGRATULATIONS!
You have succeeded in your journey to the ex-
citing atmosphere in the ocean. See you next
time!

(For scores 1-3)

Hello there! Are you satisfied with
your gems? Do you want to gain more? Get
ready because I will be with you as you
search for more gems amidst the waters.
Good luck!

Going Back to the Ocean

Figures of speech are useful expressions written

by authors who want to give a more interesting sense
to their writings. The most common among them are
Simile, Metaphor, Hyperbole, Repetition and Per-
sonification.

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DIRECTIONS: Help the fisherman to fish in the sea. Lead him to choose
the right figures of speech to complete FISH.

F - The sun dances with the clouds.

H - Wild clouds are like dragons in the air.
I - The moon and the stars are my guiding
light.
S - She lives in a forest full of enchanting
fairies and wild beasts.

Were you able to form FISH based on the

given figures of speech? Well, congratula-
tions! You can now move to your next
journey. See you next time!

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