D

esde hace algunos años los autores de los José Sánchez-Arcilla

trabajos de investigación que componen este (I.P.)
libro hemos venido estudiando documenta-
ción judicial conservada en archivos de lugares muy
diferentes y en períodos relativamente diversos, con
el objetivo de comprobar la realidad efectiva de las
instituciones. Las conclusiones obtenidas han permi-
tido desterrar mitos historiográficos «traslaticios»-
que han ido pasando acríticamente de unos juristas e
historiadores a otros sin advertir que la realidad jurí-
dica estaba alejada —en ocasiones muy alejada— de
la literalidad legal. Moverse entre la documentación
manuscrita permite adentrarse en el Derecho real-
mente vivido, el que está lejos de la formulación de

CONTROL Y RESPONSABILIDAD DE LOS JUECES

los textos normativos, aunque guarde mayor relación
con las construcciones doctrinales que se expandie-
ron por toda Europa.
Estos trabajos han exigido la consulta de cientos de
legajos y expedientes en archivos nacionales y ex-
tranjeros, cuya información fue contrastada con la
literatura jurídica coetánea y los cuerpos legales.

(Siglos XVI-XXI)
Una metodología de gran complejidad no solo por la
importancia numérica de la documentación a con-
sultar, sino también por el tratamiento posterior que
fue necesario realizar para poder entender la evolu-
ción de la actividad judicial a lo largo de un período
cronológico extenso. La experiencia acumulada por
los miembros de este grupo de investigación a lo lar-
go de los últimos años ha permitido llenar lagunas
historiográficas, desterrar o cuando menos matizar
mitos histórico-jurídicos sobre la actividad judicial y
realizar sustanciales aportaciones en el campo de la
Historia judicial y penal.
CONTROL Y RESPONSABILIDAD
[Del mismo grupo de investigación Dykinson tiene DE LOS JUECES
editada su obra El arbitrio judicial en el Antiguo Ré-
gimen (España e Indias, siglos XVI-XVIII, 2012, ISBN (Siglos XVI-XXI)
978-84-15454-48-9].

José Sánchez-Arcilla Bernal

(I.P.)

cubierta.indd 1 28/11/2018 13:39:29

 

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Control y responsabilidad de los jueces

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Este libro ha sido sometido a evaluación por parte de nuestro Consejo Editorial
Para mayor información, véase www.dykinson.com/quienes_somos

© Copyright
Los autores

Editorial DYKINSON, S.L.

Meléndez Valdés, 61 - 28015 Madrid
Teléfono (+34) 91544 28 46 - (+34) 91544 28 69
e-mail: info@dykinson.com
http://www.dykinson.es http://www.dykinson.com

,6%1
'HSyVLWR/HJDO: M-33198-2017
Preimpresión realizada Pedro Andrés Porras Arboledas
 ËQGLFHJHQHUDO

¿Jueces juzgados?SRU-RVp6iQFKH]$UFLOOD%HUQDO 

 O controlo do Poder Judicial em Portugal entre a Idade

Média e a Idade ModernaSRU-RVp'RPLQJXHV  

El control del gobierno y de la administración de justicia

en tierras de Órdenes Militares a través de los juicios
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 O chanceler da Casa da Suplicacâo e o controlo dos actos

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 «Pídanmelo en residencia». Control a los corregidores

castellanosSRU3LODU(VWHYHV6DQWDPDUtD  

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de Primera Instancia (1834-1902)SRU3HGUR2UWHJR*LO  

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en Galicia según los asientos de los Libros-Registro
de la Audiencia de La Coruña:1868-1900
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dadores, meirinhos, alvazis, juízes e justiças, dizendo que não cumprem a justiça como
devem e, prometendo realizar inquirições locais, ameaça-os com a pena de morte ou outra
pena que merecessem pelas suas condutas « Ainda no século XVI, a referência a esta
origem castelhana da instituição portuguesa pode ser testemunhada no Repertório das
Ordenações, de Manuel Mendes de Castro, quando remete para Gregório Lopez e Bobadi-
lha, para além da sua própria Prática Lusitana»

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mente fazer dereito se algumas pessoas de suas correições os quiserem demandar, Man-
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«E tanto que estes coudees assi forem fectos mandade aos Juizes cada huuns em seu logar
que tirem logo emquiriçom sobre o coudel que ata aquy foy poendo em essas emquiriçõoes
todollos acomtiados E os que ham caualos e beestas E armas. E sabendo como os tem E a
rrazom porque os escusarom sse por Rogo ou por peitas ou seruiços que deles leuassem ou
por outra qualquer coussa ou sse costrangerom alguuns que nom ouuessem as contias que
os teuessem por odio. E malquerença ou por lhe peitarem E os seruirem E aprimarem E
façam os Juizes em tal guissa que o coudel ssayr ataa huum mes seia Enquiriçom acabada
E ataa quinze dias envjada a Nos çarrada E asseelada pera a nos vermos em ello
liuramento como nossa merçee ffor. E esta emquiriçom per esta guissa sera tirada de tres
em tres annos sobre o coudel que entam ssair. E assi mandarees aos Juizes que daquy em
deante. E a esses tempos forem que assi o façam E as emuyem a nos como dicto he. Jtem
emquanto essas enqueriçõoes assi tirarem os coudees que sairem nom estaram nas villas e
lugares onde as tirarem».

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espriuaaes do ofiçio e da camara como hussarom dos dictos ofiçios ou sse fezeram em elles
o que nom deuiam. E sse os beens dos horfoons sam danjficados ou mal parados
perguntade o em Jeeral E deçendendo ao espiçial ssegundo por essas enqueriçõoes virem
que compre e fecta em tal guissa que essas emqueriçõoes seiam tiradas desse dia que os
outros ssairem Ataa huum mes E enujadas a nos ataa quinze dias como susso dicto he Na
emqueriçom dos coudees. E esta maneira de enquerer sse faça daquy em deante cada uez
que esses ofiçiãaes sairem E entrarem os outros»

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«e tanto que esses alcaides sairem. E os outros forem postos tirem logo os Juizes sobre eles
emqueriçom. E seia acabada ataa huum mes. E enujada a nos ataa xv dias como susso
dicto he nos outros ofiçiaaes»

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da Casa de Bragança com prefácio do Professor Doutor Marcello Caetano)/LVERDIOY

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em Portugal 1640-1820&RLPEUD$OPHGLQDSS



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«vjº Capitollo que se saiba nos lugares e comarquas como vsarom de seus ofiçios os que
tem carego de Julgar acabado [o t]empo de seu julgado – Item Jso mesmo ao que dizees
que Nos lugares ou Comarquas homde quallquer dessembarguador sobreJuiz outro que
tenha Carreguo de Julgar acabam ho tempo de sseu Jullgado que deuemos mandar poher
aluarães pubricos e dar dello Carreguo a pesoa de boõa Conçiençia e Juizo pera ssaber
Como os taaes Julgadores husaram de seus ofiçios ou sse ffezeram allguuma Cousa
Comtra Justiça Como mais larguamente apomtaães pedijmdo nos que assy o mandeemos
eixecutar. A esto respondemos que assy estaa per djreito Comuum hordenado E assy
Mandaremos que sse Cumpra e proueJa»

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