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The ACN-PCN method provides a standardized international system for classifying the relative damage effects of aircraft on different pavement types, and for reporting the load-bearing capacity of airport pavements. Each aircraft is assigned an Aircraft Classification Number (ACN) and each pavement is assigned a Pavement Classification Number (PCN). An aircraft with an ACN lower than the PCN of a pavement can use that pavement without restrictions. The system ensures aircraft and pavements are utilized to their maximum potential without detrimental effects. However, the method is purely for classification and reporting strengths - it is not intended for pavement design or evaluation.
The ACN-PCN method provides a standardized international system for classifying the relative damage effects of aircraft on different pavement types, and for reporting the load-bearing capacity of airport pavements. Each aircraft is assigned an Aircraft Classification Number (ACN) and each pavement is assigned a Pavement Classification Number (PCN). An aircraft with an ACN lower than the PCN of a pavement can use that pavement without restrictions. The system ensures aircraft and pavements are utilized to their maximum potential without detrimental effects. However, the method is purely for classification and reporting strengths - it is not intended for pavement design or evaluation.
The ACN-PCN method provides a standardized international system for classifying the relative damage effects of aircraft on different pavement types, and for reporting the load-bearing capacity of airport pavements. Each aircraft is assigned an Aircraft Classification Number (ACN) and each pavement is assigned a Pavement Classification Number (PCN). An aircraft with an ACN lower than the PCN of a pavement can use that pavement without restrictions. The system ensures aircraft and pavements are utilized to their maximum potential without detrimental effects. However, the method is purely for classification and reporting strengths - it is not intended for pavement design or evaluation.
States are required to evaluate and publish the strength of airport pavements The ACN-PCN system is easy to use. Each aircraft is assigned a number that using ICAOs ACN-PCN system. The method concentrates on classifying the expresses the structural effect on a pavement for a specified pavement type relative damage of aircraft. ICAO foresees that each pavement authority will and a standard subgrade category. Each airport operating authority reports define a Pavement Classification Number (PCN) by whatever means is site pavement strengths using the same numbering system. The pavement is considered suitable to indicate the support level of a particular pavement capable of accommodating unrestricted operations provided the aircraft load such that all aircraft with a published ACN equal to or less than the reported number is less than or equal to the pavement strength number. Maximum tire PCN can use that pavement safely, without load bearing failure or undue pressure limitations may also be applied to some pavements which may damage to the structure. further restrict certain aircraft operations. The ACN is based on the static application on aircraft loads to the pavement surface making them somewhat The ACN-PCN system provides a standardised international conservative in nature. Member States to ICAO are required to evaluate and airplane/pavement rating system replacing the various S, T, TT, LCN, AUW, publish the strength of airport systems using the ACN/PCN system. The ISWL, etc., rating systems throughout the world. In 1981 ICAO promulgated national CAA publishes weight bearing limits in terms of ACN/PCN in an the ACN/PCN method as the single universal system for determining the Aeronautical Information Publication for civil and international use. The intent weight limitation of aircraft operating on airport pavements by a procedure of is to provide planning information for individual flights or multi-flight missions comparing an airport’s Pavement Classification Number (PCN) with an Aircraft which avoid either overloading of pavement facilities or refused landing Classification Number (ACN). To avoid accelerated deterioration and excessive permission. The ACN and PCN are defined as follows: maintenance costs and for the safeguarding of pavement integrity and assurance of optimum service life ICAO utilises the ACN /PCN load 1. ACN is a number that expresses the relative structural effect of an classification method for reporting pavement strength. According to this aircraft on different pavement types for specified standard subgrade world-wide standard, aircraft can safely operate on a pavement if their ACN is strengths in terms of a standard single-wheel load. less than or equal to the pavement load bearing capacity or PCN. An aircraft 2. PCN is a number that expresses the relative load-carrying capacity of a having an ACN equal to or less than the PCN can operate without weight pavement in terms of a standard single-wheel load. restrictions on a pavement. 3. The system is structured so that a pavement with a particular PCN value can support, without weight restrictions, an aircraft that has an It must be noted that the ACN/PCN method is not a design or evaluation ACN value equal to or less than the pavement's PCN value. method, but purely a classification system. Unfortunately the fact that the 4. ACN values will normally be provided by the aircraft manufacturers. method of calculating ACN utilises two common design and analysis methods The ACN has been developed for two types of pavements, flexible and (the CBR equation and Westergaard theories) has led a surprisingly large rigid, and for four levels of subgrade strength. number of people to assume that it is a design and evaluation method. It is 5. The PCN value is for reporting pavement strength only. The PCN value not uncommon for reference to be made to PCN’s calculated by the ACN/PCN expresses the results of pavement evaluation in relative terms and method. In fact the ICAO documentation makes it very clear that it is not a cannot be used for pavement design or as a substitute for evaluation. design/evaluation method and that the PCN is simply the ACN of the most It must be noted that the ACN/PCN method is not a design or damaging aircraft that can use the pavement on a regular basis (regular evaluation method, but purely a classification system. being defined by the operator). Unfortunately the fact that the method of calculating ACN utilises two The ACN/PCN method only deals with aircraft weighting in excess of 5.700 kg common design and analysis methods (the CBR equation and Westergaard ( 12,566 lb.) as the airports with pavement for smaller size aircraft need only theories) has led a surprisingly large number of people to assume that it is a report the maximum allowable mass and the maximum allowable tire design and evaluation method. It is not uncommon for reference to be made pressure if applicable. The ACN/PCN system ensures that both aircraft and to PCN’s calculated by the ACN/PCN method. In fact the ICAO documentation pavement can be utilised to their maxi-mum extend without detrimental makes it very clear that it is not a design/evaluation method and that the effects. According to the Design Manual the method is meant only for PCN is simply the ACN of the most damaging aircraft that can use the publication of pavement strength data in the Aeronautical Information pavement on a regular basis (regular being defined by the operator). Publication (AIPs). It is not intended for design or evaluation of pavements, nor does it contemplate the use of a specific method by the airport authority either for the design or evaluation of pavements. Although the Design Manual states that any method may be used to determine the load rating of the pavements, it is obvious that the use of layered elastic method in conjunction with calibrated failure criteria is preferred.