INSTITUTO POLITECNICO NACIONAL

ESIA
TECAMACHALCO

Estructuras reticulares

PROFESOR
Rosas López Roberto

Ejercicio #2
3er deptal.

ALUMNO
Álvarez Ubaldo Raúl Adrián

GRUPO: 5AV3
 Resolver el marco rígido siguiente por él método de “Cross - Ritter”.
Calculando los momentos flexionantes y sus esfuerzos cortantes con sus respectivos diagramas,
dadas las secciones de trabes de 25 cm por 60 cm, y la de las columnas de 35 cm por 35 cm, para
calcular momentos de inercia y rigideces de cada una de las piezas y los factores de distribución,
indicando las operaciones matemáticas y sus unidades, utilizando concreto f´c = 250 kg/cm2 y
acero de refuerzo fy = 4200 kg/cm2. Finalmente calcular y diseñar la trabe y la columna con sus
armados y estribos. Construcción del grupo. “B

● DISEÑO
4 ° Factor de distribución
1 ° Pre-dimensionamiento
5.63
Trabe Columna → 𝐹𝑑𝐴1 = = 0.71
5.63 + 2.34
60 cm x 25 cm 35 cm x 35 cm
2.34
↓ 𝐹𝑑𝐴1 = = 0.29
5.63 + 2.34
2 ° Momento de inercia 5.63
←→ 𝐹𝑑𝐵1 = = 0.39/0.39
bh³ ( 2.5 ) ( 6 )³ ( 2 ) 5.63 + 3.13
𝐼𝑇 = = = 45 dm⁴
12 12 3.13
↓ 𝐹𝑑𝐵1 = = 0.22
b⁴ ( 3.5 )⁴ ( 2 ) 5.63 + 3.13
𝐼𝐶𝑎 = = = 12.50 dm⁴
12 12 5.63
→ 𝐹𝑑𝐶1 = = 0.64
5.63 + 3.13
3 ° Rigideces
3.13
I𝑇 45 ↓ 𝐹𝑑𝐶1 = = 0.36
𝑘𝑇 = = = 5.63 5.63 + 3.13
L 8.00
I𝐶 12.50 5 ° Rigideces al corte
𝐾𝐶𝑎 = = * 0.75= 2.34
L 4
3EI 3
I𝐶 12.50 𝐹𝑑𝑎 = = = 0.05
𝐾𝐶𝑏−𝑐 = = = 3.13 H³ 4³
L 4
12 EI 12
𝐹𝑑𝑏𝑐 = = = 0.19
H³ 4³

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Estructuras reticulares
 6 ° Factor de distribución al corte
RC 0.05
𝐹𝑑𝑎 = = = 0.12
∑RC 0.05 + ( 2 ) 0.19

1 RC 1 0.19
𝐹𝑑𝑏𝑐 = * = * = 0.22
2 ∑RC 2 0.05 + ( 2 ) 0.19

7 ° Momento de empotre por sismo

𝑀𝐸𝐼𝑆𝐼𝑆𝑎 = ( Fs ) ( H ) ( FDC ) = ( 2,000 ) ( 4 ) ( 0.12 ) = 960 Kg-m

𝑀𝐸𝐼𝑆𝐼𝑆𝑏𝑐 = ( Fs ) ( H ) ( FDC ) = ( 2,000 ) ( 4 ) ( 0.22 ) = 1,760 Kg-m

8 ° Momento de empotre inicial

ꙍl² Pab² ( 3,000 )( 7.50 )² ( 2,000 )( 4.50 ) ( 3 )²

→ 𝑀𝐸𝐼𝐴1 = + = + = 15,503 Kg-m
12 L² 12 7.50²

ꙍl² Pa²b ( 3,000 )( 7.50 )² ( 2,000 )( 4.50 )² ( 3 )

← 𝑀𝐸𝐼𝐵1 = + = + = 16,223 Kg-m
12 L² 12 7.50²
ꙍl² PL ( 3,000 )( 8 )² ( 2,000 )( 8 )
↔ 𝑀𝐸𝐼𝐵1−𝐶1 = + = + = 18,000 Kg-m
12 8 12 8
ꙍl² ( 800 )( 1.80 )²
← 𝑀𝐸𝐼𝐴1 = + PL = + ( 700 ) ( 1.80 ) = 2,556 Kg-m
2 2

9 ° Cortante Isostático TRABES

ꙍl Pb ( 3,000 )( 7.50 ) ( 2,000 )( 3 )
→ 𝑉𝐼𝑆𝑂𝐴1 = + = + = 12,050 Kg
2 L 2 7.50
ꙍl Pa ( 3,000 )( 7.50 ) ( 2,000 )( 4.50 )
← 𝑉𝐼𝑆𝑂𝐵1 = + = + = 12,450 Kg
2 L 2 7.50
ꙍl P ( 3000 )( 8 ) ( 2,000 )
↔ 𝑉𝐼𝑆𝑂𝐵1−𝐶1 = + = + = 13,000 Kg
2 2 2 2

← 𝑉𝐼𝑆𝑂𝐴1 = ꙍl + P = ( 800 )( 1.80 ) + 700 = 2,140 Kg

9 ° Cortante Isostático COLUMNAS

𝑉𝐼𝑆𝑂𝐵0−𝐵1 = ( FS ) ( FDC ) = ( 2,000 ) ( 0.12 ) = 240 kg

𝑉𝐼𝑆𝑂𝐵0−𝐵1 = ( FS ) ( FDC ) = ( 2,000 ) ( 0.22 ) = 440 kg
𝑉𝐼𝑆𝑂𝐶0−𝑐1 = ( FS ) ( FDC ) = ( 2,000 ) ( 0.22 ) = 440 kg

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Estructuras reticulares
 10 ° Cortante hiperestático
M2+M1 21,407 - 5,924
𝑉𝐻𝐼𝑃𝐴1−𝐵1 = = = 2,064 Kg
L 7.5
M2+M1 2,477 - 25,337
𝑉𝐻𝐼𝑃𝐴1−𝐵1 = = = 2,857 Kg
L 7.5

M2+M1 5,924
𝑉𝐻𝐼𝑃𝐴0−𝐴1 = = = 1,481 Kg
H 4.00

M2+M1 3,730 + 3,787

𝑉𝐻𝐼𝑃𝐵0−𝐵1 = = = 1,898 Kg
H 4.00

M2+M1 -652 - 4.237

𝑉𝐻𝐼𝑃𝐶0−𝐶1 = = = -1,222 Kg
H 4.00

11 ° Calculo de diagramas

V = 9,986 – 3,000 ( 4.5 ) = -3,514 - 2,000 = -5,514 – 3,000 ( 3 ) = 14,514 Kg

M = 9,986 ( 3.32 ) / 2 = 16,578 – 5,858 = 10,653 kg

V = 15,857 – 3,000 ( 4 ) = 3,857 – 2,000 = 1,857 – 3,000 ( 4 ) = - 10,143 Kg

M = 15,857 + 3,857 ( 4 ) / 2 + 1,857 ( 0.619 ) / 2 = 40,003 – 25,337 = 14,666

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Estructuras reticulares
 NODO A₁ B₁ C₁
PZA ↓ → ← ↓ → ← ↓ →
FD -0.29 -0.71 -0.39 -0.22 -0.39 -0.64 -0.36 -
FDC -0.12 -0.22 -0.22
MEI 960 -15,503 16,223 1,760 -18,000 18,000 2,556 1,760
1D 4,217 10,326 7 4 7 -14,282 -8,034 -
1T 3 5,163 -7,141 3 -
1C 939 1,722 1,722 -
2D -273 -669 100 56 100 -1,104 -621 -
2T 50 -335 -552 50 -
2C 134 247 247 -
3D -53 -131 250 141 250 -190 -107 -
Σ.M.F 5,924 -5,924 21,407 3,930 -25,337 2,477 -4,237 2,556
VI 240 12,050 12,450 440 13,000 13,000 440 2,140
VH 1,481 -2,064 2,064 1,929 2,857 -2,857 -1,222 -
ΣV 1,721 9,986 14,514 2,369 15,857 10,143 -782 2,140
NODO A₀ B₀ C₀
PZA ↑ ↑ ↑
FDC - -0.22 -0.22
MEI - 1,760 1,760
1T - 2 -4,017
1C - 1,722 1,722
2T - 28 -311
2C - 247 247
3T - 28 -53
Σ.M.F - 3,787 -652
VI - 440 440
VH - 1,929 -1,222
ΣV - 2,369 -782

12 ° Diseño de trabe

Mu ( 25,270 )( 100 )( 1.4 )

d=√ =√ = 56 cm Sección por diseño: h = d + recubrimiento
ku ∗ b 44.47 ∗ 25
= 56 + 5 cm = 60 cm

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Estructuras reticulares
 13 ° Calculo de áreas de acero A1-B1
( 2,140,700 ) ( 1.4 )
𝑉𝑆 = = 17.19 cm2 = 4 ∅ # 8
( 3113 ) ( 56 )

( 1,065,300 ) ( 1.4 )
𝑉𝑆 = = 8.55 cm2 = 2 ∅ # 7
( 3113 ) ( 56 )

( 592,400 ) ( 1.4 )
𝑉𝑆 = = 4.75 cm2 = 4 ∅ # 4
( 3113 ) ( 56 )

14 ° Calculo de áreas de acero A1-B1

As ( 4 ∅ # 8 ) ( 5.07 )
% 𝐴𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝐴𝑔 = p = = = 0.014 < 0.015
b*d ( 25 ) ( 56 )

𝑉𝑐𝑟 = 0.5 FR * b * d √f´c = ( 0.5 ) ( 0.8 ) ( 25 ) ( 56 ) (√ 250 )

= ( 0.5 ) ( 0.8 ) ( 25 ) ( 56 ) (15.81 ) = 8,854

𝑉𝑒 = 𝑉𝑢 - 𝑉𝑐𝑟 = 14,514 – 8,854 = 5,660

14,514 5,660 Fr * Av * fy * d ( 0.8 ) ( 0.49 * 2) ( 4200 ) ( 56 )

= = X = 1.16 m S= = = 32cm
3.00 X Vu - Vcr 15,836 - 8,854

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Estructuras reticulares
 13 ° Calculo de áreas de acero B1-C1
( 2,533,700 ) ( 1.4 )
𝑉𝑆 = = 20.37 cm2 = 4 ∅ # 8
( 3113 ) ( 56 )

( 1,466,600 ) ( 1.4 )
𝑉𝑆 = = 11.77 cm2 = 2 ∅ # 8
( 3113 ) ( 56 )

( 247,700 ) ( 1.4 )
𝑉𝑆 = = 1.98 cm2 = 2 ∅ # 4
( 3113 ) ( 56 )

14 ° Calculo de áreas de acero B1-C1

As ( 4 ∅ # 8 ) ( 5.07 )
% 𝐴𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝐴𝑔 = p = = = 0.014 < 0.015
b*d ( 25 ) ( 56 )

𝑉𝑐𝑟 = 0.5 FR * b * d √f´c = ( 0.5 ) ( 0.8 ) ( 25 ) ( 56 ) (√ 250 )

= ( 0.5 ) ( 0.8 ) ( 25 ) ( 56 ) (15.81 ) = 8,854

𝑉𝑒 = 𝑉𝑢 - 𝑉𝑐𝑟 = 15,857 – 8,854 = 7,003

15,857 7,003 Fr * Av * fy * d ( 0.8 ) ( 0.49 * 2) ( 4200 ) ( 56 )

= = X = 1.76 m S= = = 10 cm
4.00 X Vu - Vcr 15,857 - 8,854

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Estructuras reticulares
 15 ° Diseño de columna A0-A1/C0-C1
F*c = 200 Kg/cm2 F´´c = 170 Kg/cm2
Columna ( A2 – A1 )

𝑃𝑢 = ( P ) ( Fc ) = ( 11,250 ) ( 1.4 ) = 15,750 Kg

𝐴𝑔 = ( b ) ( h ) = ( 35 ) ( 35 ) = 1,225 cm2
C 0.32
F=(P)( ) ( Fch ) = ( 11,250 ) ( ) ( 1.1 ) = 990 Kg
Q 4

𝑀𝑢 = ( F ) ( H ) = ( 990 ) ( 4.00 ) = 3,960 Kg

r = 4 cm d = h – r = 35 – 4 = 31 cm

Pu 15,750
K= = = 0.09
( Fr ) ( bh) ( F´´c ) ( 0.8 ) ( 35 x 35 ) ( 170 )

Mu 396,000
R= = = 0.06
( Fr )( bh)²( F´´c ) ( 0.8 )( 35 x 35² ) ( 170 )

Áreas de acero

( 20 )( Ag ) ( 20 )( 1,225 )
𝐴𝑆𝑚𝑖𝑛 = = = 5.83 cm2
Fy 4,200

( q )( bh )( F´´c ) ( 0.2 )( 1,225 )( 170 )

𝐴𝑆𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 = = = 9.91 cm2 = 4 ∅ # 6
Fy 4,200

Diseño de estribos

b 35
e = Del #2 = 0.32 𝑆= = = 18 cm
2 2

S
𝑆 = e #2 @ 18 cm en el centro = e #2 @ 9 cm
2

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Estructuras reticulares
 15 ° Diseño de columna B0-B1
F*c = 200 Kg/cm2 F´´c = 170 Kg/cm2
Columna ( A2 – A1 )

𝑃𝑢 = ( P ) ( Fc ) = ( 23,250 ) ( 1.4 ) = 32,550 Kg

𝐴𝑔 = ( b ) ( h ) = ( 35 ) ( 35 ) = 1,225 cm2
C 0.32
F=(P)( ) ( Fch ) = ( 23,250) ( ) ( 1.1 ) = 2,046 Kg
Q 4

𝑀𝑢 = ( F ) ( H ) = ( 2,046 ) ( 4.00 ) = 8,184 Kg

r = 4 cm d = h – r = 35 – 4 = 31 cm

Pu 32,550
K= = = 0.19
( Fr ) ( bh) ( F´´c ) ( 0.8 ) ( 35 x 35 ) ( 170 )

Mu 818400
R= = = 0.14
( Fr )( bh)²( F´´c ) ( 0.8 )( 35 x 35² ) ( 170 )

Áreas de acero

( 20 )( Ag ) ( 20 )( 1,225 )
𝐴𝑆𝑚𝑖𝑛 = = = 5.83 cm2
Fy 4,200

( q )( bh )( F´´c ) ( 0.2 )( 1,225 )( 170 )

𝐴𝑆𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 = = = 9.91 cm2 = 4 ∅ # 6
Fy 4,200

Diseño de estribos

b 35
e = Del #2 = 0.32 𝑆= = = 18 cm
2 2

S
𝑆 = e #2 @ 18 cm en el centro = e #2 @ 9 cm
2

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Estructuras reticulares