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Foreign Exchange Trading or FX Trading, clients are able to hedge against, or speculate upon,
changes in the exchange rate of two currencies. For example, a speculator can long EUR/USD in
foreign exchange market in order to profit from capturing the appreciation of Euro against the
U.S. Dollar. Foreign exchange services provide an opportunity for clients to trade FX. Foreign
Exchange Trading is done on the foreign exchange market.
The primary purpose of the foreign exchange is to assist international trade and investment, by
allowing businesses to convert one currency to another currency. For example, it permits a US
business to import British goods and pay Pound Sterling, even though the business's income is in
US dollars. It also supports speculation, and facilitates the carry trade, in which investors borrow
low-yielding currencies and lend (invest in) high-yielding currencies, and which (it has been
claimed) may lead to loss of competitiveness in some countries.
In a typical foreign exchange transaction, a party purchases a quantity of one currency by paying
a quantity of another currency. The modern foreign exchange market began forming during the
1970s when countries gradually switched to floating exchange rates from the previous exchange
rate regime, which remained fixed as per the Bretton Woods system.
As such, it has been referred to as the market closest to the ideal of perfect competition,
notwithstanding market manipulation by central banks. According to the Bank for International
Settlements, as of April 2010, average daily turnover in global foreign exchange markets is
estimated at $3.98 trillion, a growth of approximately 20% over the $3.21 trillion daily volume
as of April 2007.