CONSACA – NARIÑO
2019
SUSTANTIVOS
GRADO: 6-2
CONSACA-NARIÑO
2019
TABLA DE CONTENIDO
Como su denominación lo indica, son las palabras que utilizamos para designar a
los seres u objetos que existen en el universo, tanto en la realidad como en el
pensamiento. Son los nombres de las cosas, como puedes ver en los siguientes
ejemplos:
1. Terminación:
2. Posición:
3. Función:
Una tragedia
Esta frase
Mi coche
3. Función en la oración
Los sustantivos tienen ciertos roles (o funciones) en una oración. Por ejemplo
1. El plural regular
Importante: los sustantivos que acaban en vocal + y no sufren ningún cambio: day – days;
boy- boys
Los sustantivos que acaban en – o tienen una forma de plural regular, con la
marca “s”: photo – photos, piano- pianos.
2. El plural irregular
El plural en –ves
Un sustantivo singular en inglés hace referencia a una persona, cosa, lugar o idea.
Un sustantivo plural hace referencia a más de una persona, cosa, lugar o idea.
En español es igual.
Si el sustantivo acaba en -th o -ph, añade una -s al final, igual que con las palabras
de arriba.
mouth → mouths (boca → bocas)
photograph → photographs (fotografía → fotografías)
potato → potatoes (patata → patatas)
tomato → tomatoes (tomate → tomates)
leaf → leaves (hoja → hojas)
knife → knives (cuchillo → cuchillos)
2. Cuándo añadir -es
Algunos sustantivos siempre acaban en -es al formar el plural.
axis → axes (eje → ejes)
oasis → oases (oasis → oasis)
crisis → crises (crisis → crisis)
3. Cuándo añadir -ies
Solo hay un tipo de palabra a la que tienes que añadir -ies para formar el plural.
Sin embargo, como verás abajo, también hay una excepción a esta regla.
4. Cuándo añadir -i
Esta es otra regla fácil que solo necesitas conocer para un tipo de palabra.
Sustantivos que acaban en -us
Para los sustantivos que acaban en -us, quita -us y añade -i al final de la
palabra.
Algunos ejemplos de este tipo son:
fungus → fungi (hongo → hongos)
cactus → cacti (cactus → cactus)
4) EJERCICIOS DE APLICACIÓN DE SUSTANTIVOS SINGULAR Y
PLURAL
Definición El sustantivo es la palabra que usamos para nombrar a los objetos, a las
personas, a los países, etc. Igual que los artículos, tienen género (femenino o masculino),
y número (singular o plural). Estas características deben coincidir siempre con las del
artículo.
los
el pantalón
ÓN pantalones
el corazón los corazones
el árbol los árboles
L
el papel los papeles
Y el rey los reyes
la ley las leyes
la pared las paredes
D
el ataúd los ataúdes
el los
computador computadores
R
los
el comedor
comedores
Terminación palabra
Singular Plural
aguda
Example:
1. TERMINATION OF A NOUN
There are some suffixes that clearly show that a certain English word is a noun. For
example:
• ity> Madness
• lie> disappointment
• Ness> Sadness
A tragedy
A lemon
The nurse
3. FUNCTION IN PRAYER
Nouns have certain roles (or functions) in a sentence. For example
The plural of nouns in English is a problematic subject for students of all levels. The
difficulty comes from the different types of nouns: regular nouns, irregular nouns, nouns
with singular form only or only with plural form, "foreign" plurals, etc. There are many
exceptions, some we will see in today's post.
The plural mark in English is an "s" added to the singular form of a noun: house - houses;
dog - dogs. By adding the plural ending, some modifications can be made in the noun
script:
• Nouns that end in a consonant + and become a consonant + ies: party - parties; baby -
babies
Important: nouns that end in vowel + and do not undergo any change: day - days; boy-
boys
• Nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s, -x or -z add the ending "-es": church- churches; brush -
brushes; box - boxes; buzz-buzzes
• Nouns that end in - or have a regular plural form, with the "s" mark: photo - photos, piano
- pianos.
Important: some nouns ending in -o add the ending "-es": potato - potatoes; tomato -
tomatoes; hero - heroes.
Some nouns ending in -f (e) convert the -f into a -v and add the "-es" mark: half-halves;
knife - knives; leaf - leaves; life - lives; shelf - shelves; thief - thieves; wife - wives; wolf -
wolves
Important: there are other nouns ending in -f (e) that have a regular plural: cliff -cliffs.
A singular noun in English refers to a person, thing, place or idea. A plural noun refers to
more than one person, thing, place or idea. In Spanish it is the same.
The plural in English: learn to form it with these simple rules (with examples and
exceptions)
1. When to add -s
For most nouns in English, simply add the letter -s at the end. Easy, right?
There are also specific word categories (and some exceptions, unfortunately) that you can
learn by groups to make it easier for you
Nouns ending in -th or –ph
If the noun ends in -th or -ph, add a -s at the end, just like the words above.
Nouns ending in -o
The general rule for nouns that end with the letter -or is to add -s to the end. Some
examples of these nouns are:
Nouns ending in -y
For nouns that end with the letter -y, the general rule is to remove the -y and add -ies to
the end.
fairy → fairies (fairy → fairies)
candy → candies (candy → candies)
dummy → dummies (puppet → puppets)
Exception: Add -s
Good news! There is a simple way to remember this exception. Look if there is a vowel
before the letter - and in the singular form.
If there is a vowel before the letter -y, it is very easy. Just add -s after the noun.
way → ways (form → forms)
monkey → monkeys (monkey → monkeys)
toy → toys (toy → toys)
4. When to add -i
This is another easy rule that you only need to know for one type of word.
Nouns ending in -us
For nouns ending in -us, remove -us and add -i to the end of the word.
Some examples of this type are:
fungus → fungi (mushroom → mushrooms)
cactus → cacti (cactus → cactus)
4) EXERCISES OF APPLICATION OF SINGULAR AND PLURAL SUBSTANCES
Definition
The noun is the word we use to name objects, people, countries, etc. Like the articles, they have
gender (female or male), and number (singular or plural). These characteristics must always
coincide with those of the article.
To classify the noun we take into account the number (one or more than one).
The plural, on the other hand, is distinguished by the presence of more than one element.
1) Words that end in vowel -A, -E, -O; they must be added "-S".
examples
Terminatió
Singular Plural
n
The
The glass
glasses
A
The
The table
tables
The tiger The tigers
E The The
thower towers
O The The
course courses
The book The
books
Terminatió
Singular Plural
n
The trees
L The tree
The paper The papers
The king The kings
Y
The law The laws
The wall The walls
D
The coffin The coffin
The The
computer computers
R
The dinning The dining
rooms
room
3) Nouns ending in -S or -X have a special treatment. If the word is acute (with force on
the last syllable) the plural is formed by adding "-ES".
Examples:
Terminatión palabra
Singular Plural
aguda