Objection One:

“I do not remember all the conversation in detail. But the following is part of what was being discussed
at that time. Father Timothy Mock wrote a thesis paper on this subject years before Vatican II started.
He writes about what could be done and who could elect a pope if all the cardinals were killed. He then
explains about the law of devolution.1 If there are no cardinals to elect the pope, it devolves down to
those next in line who can elect a pope. After the cardinals I think it devolves to the clerics in Rome. If
there are no Catholic clerics in Rome it devolves to the other Catholic bishops in the world. It will
never devolve past these Catholic bishops because there will always be Catholic bishops on earth.
Therefore, it could not devolve down to the laity.”

I Answer That,

On the contrary, can not a person refuse to act either out of malice or out of ignorance? For example,
can the clerics out of malice and hatred to the Church, refuse to elect another pope? Yes, that is what
the gift of free will is. They can choose to do evil or to do good. Can not a person out of ignorance, not
willful ignorance (willful ignorance is a grave evil), not elect a pope because they do not know the
current situation?

Theoretically speaking, they (those clergy that are ignorant of the situation) are considered “dead”.
Because their ignorance does not allow them to act as they ought. In addition, their ignorance stops
them in their tracks.

The clergy has a few options once their ignorance is cleared.

A) Stay in their malice and refuse to help.
B) If the papacy is vacant, fill the vacancy.
C) If the papacy is filled with its proper head, help restore the Church, under the guidance of the Pope.

There is only two ultimate ends that the clergy (and laity for that matter) can head toward. Either they
revert to option A or follow option C. Purgatory is not an ultimate end, for it is a state of purgation of
sins. Eventually the souls, after satisfying Divine Justice for their sins, will be brought to Heaven to
enjoy eternal bliss. So too is ignorance not an ultimate end. For it is a state in which a soul can neither
be obedient to the Church or be disobedient. Souls that are in ignorance are like the poor souls in
purgatory, suffering dearly for their blindness and absence of the Vision of God. The ignorant souls
who are suffering in darkness, are waiting for someone, anyone for that matter, to give them the Vision
of Truth, which is the only way and cure from darkness and blindness. As I stated earlier: “Because
their ignorance does not allow them to act as they ought.” Just like there are truly only two ultimate
ends in this life, that is Hell or Heaven. Those who are disobedient to the Church and her Master, will
perish under His Justice. Those who are faithful are rewarded for their sacrifices by His Divine Mercy,
if they have completed their mission from God. “Not every one that saith to me, Lord, Lord, shall enter
into the kingdom of heaven: but he that doth the will of my Father who is in heaven, he shall enter into
the kingdom of heaven.” 2 Which from eternity was their vocation given to them by God. “For this is
the will of God, your sanctification.” 3 Therefore, it can devolve down to the laity, because they, the
clergy, failed to act, either out of malice or out of ignorance.

1. Devolution: When a patron has failed to exercise, or has exercised improperly, his right of presentation to a benefice, the
right is transferred, for that occasion only.
2. Matthew 7:21
3. 1 Thessalonians 4:3

1
Objection Two:

“Another subject discussed was: who are Catholics? I told them that in the external forum we were all
non-Catholics for belonging to the Novus Ordo sect and/or other non-Catholic sects. Therefore, I
explained why non-Catholics need to be received back into the Church by means of the Abjuration of
Error and Profession of Faith. However, that teaching is not true. Non-Catholics must be received into
the Church by means of the Abjuration of Error and Profession of Faith by some priest or bishop that
still has jurisdiction in the Church.”

I Answer That,

On the contrary, this is fatalism,4 on the grounds of the circumstance of the election. Should we wait for
a miracle for a priest or a bishop to come around for the election? After thirty years (1958), with more
and more souls perishing to Hell, can the Church really wait for a Catholic Priest or Bishop to stroll in
at the perfect time, that is at the time of the election? See footnote. 5

“Having come through Baptism to the supernatural life, being members of the Christian
society and adopted children of God, the laity belong to the "chosen race", the "royal
priesthood" (1 Peter 2:9) formed of all those who are born again in Christ. They have
therefore a right to share in the common spiritual goods of the Christian society, which
implies a corresponding obligation on the part of the clergy to bestow on them these
goods, in as far as this bestowal requires the intervention of the ministers of religion and
of the spiritual authority. But if the laity are to share in these common goods they must
employ more or less frequently the means of sanctification instituted by Jesus Christ in
His Church, and of which the clergy have been put in charge. Further, the laity, being
subject to ecclesiastical authority, must obey and respect it; but in return they have the
right to obtain from it direction, protection, and service.” 6

If the laity cannot obtain these goods, then there is no purpose for the Church to exist. The laity
must have the right to elect the pope, so the laity can be in subject to ecclesiastical authority, in addition
to direction, protection, and service. Canon 682: “The laity has the right to receive from the clergy the
spiritual good and especially the necessary means of salvation, according to the rules of ecclesiastical
discipline.” If the laity has no right to elect a pope, then their would be no Church, and we might as
well despair! What madness! Since the Catholic clergy failed to act either through malice or through
ignorance, the Catholic laity (which you claim) cannot elect a pope, then all Catholics will all perish to
Hell for they could not be subject themselves to the Pope: "Furthermore, we declare, we proclaim, we
define that it is absolutely necessary for salvation that every human creature be subject to the Roman
Pontiff." 7 (If we continue to assume the Catholic clergy stayed in their malice or ignorance) And that is
madness! Then God would have truly forsaken the Church, allegorically speaking. But we know that
cannot happen since Jesus Christ stated Himself, "behold I am with you all days, even to the
consummation of the world." 8 So if Jesus Christ stated Himself that He is to be with us, the Church,
4. Fatalism: The doctrine that all effects are produced by a blind necessity (see destiny).
Destiny: In Catholic philosophy destiny means the ordering of secondary causes that they produce their effects in
accordance by the Fatalists to be a blind necessity binding all things and all their actives. Such a view destroys free will.
(cf., Fate).
Fate (Lat. Fatum, a prediction): In its Christian sense, the ordering of secondary causes by God so that they produce their
effects in accordance with the divine providence.
5. http://www.vaticaninexile.com/WillChurchSurvive/ShouldWeAwaitaMiracle.html
6. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08748a.htm
7. Pope Boniface VIII, Encyclical Unam Sanctam, 1302
8. Matthew 28:20

2
even to the consummation of the world, then this only reaffirms the teaching of the Council of Trent:
“A visible Church requires a visible head; therefore the Saviour appointed Peter head and pastor of all
the faithful, when He committed to his care the feeding of all His sheep, in such ample terms that He
willed the very same power of ruling and governing the entire Church to descend to Peter's successors.”
So as long as Jesus Christ is with the Church, the One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church, so too
will there be a Successor to Peter for the “direction, protection, and service” of the laity. Without Peter,
there is no unity. Without Peter there is no purity of doctrine. Without Peter there are no Sacraments.
Without Peter, there cannot be the Church, thus no sanctity in society. Society will become corrupt all
the way to the core. “They are all gone aside, they are become unprofitable together: there is none that
doth good, no not one.” 9 As we can see from 1950's – present, (except the few Christians fighting this
persecution). If society does not fear that someone will punish them for their wickedness, will they not
just continue in their perversity? Without Peter, what is there left? There is one thing left. The wolf
only to devour the helpless sheep.

“I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd giveth his life for his sheep. But the
hireling, and he that is not the shepherd, whose own the sheep are not, seeth the wolf
coming, and leaveth the sheep, and flieth: and the wolf catcheth, and scattereth the sheep:
And the hireling flieth, because he is a hireling: and he hath no care for the sheep. I am
the good shepherd; and I know mine, and mine know me. As the Father knoweth me, and
I know the Father: and I lay down my life for my sheep.” 10

Society is founded first on the Church (since it is a divine institution), second on the State. To give you
an analogy, society is like man. Man has a body and soul. Society has a body and a soul, the State and
the Church. The body, when it is not mortified, passions are allowed to rule the body and the soul, vice
flourishes. Thus war, famine, injustice, is the plague God justly sends us for His chastisement, when we
commit sin. However, when the body is mortified, the soul reigns supreme, and virtue flourishes. So
when there is peace, justice, and charity in society, that shows the Church is reigning above the State.
Just as the Council of Trent teaches on death, results in the separation of the body and the soul, 11 I
answer that society dies, that is morality and sanctity disappears, when the Church is separated from the
State. Without the Church there is no need for the State. For society would not be able to stay in any
cohesiveness. However, without the State, the Church cannot execute its temporal commands, upon
Her children and Her enemies. It is the Church that must reign, if society wishes to cure this current
plague of godlessness. But it is the Vicar of Christ that we must fear, lest we should disobey, “And he
shall rule them with a rod of iron.” 12 It is only then will peace, justice, and charity will ever take its
affect. And you want a great example? Look at the world currently. No one acknowledges Pope
Michael as the true Pope. Society too is currently running rampant with lust, greed, lack of charity,
famine, unjust wars, disease, etc. However, whenever God converts the world from its pagan ways,
charity, peace, and justice will reign supreme. 13 And that is only when the Papacy is properly restored
in the world, “And I send the promise of my Father upon you: but stay you in the city till you be

9. Psalms 13:3
10. John 10:11-15
11. Council of Trent (Page 55): “Moreover as Christ was true and perfect man, He of course was capable of dying. Now
man dies when the soul is separated from the body. When, therefore, we say that Jesus died, we mean that His soul was
disunited from His body.”
12. Apocalypse 2:27
13. (All the holy Fathers agree that after the death of Antichrist (1978) the whole world will be converted, and although
some of them assert that the world will last but a few days after his death, while others say a few months, some authorities
insist that it will continue to exist many years after. St. Catherine of Sienna, St. Vincent Ferrer, St. Francis of Paula, and a
number of other saints have predicted this ultimate universal conversion. Saint John Eudes, page 319, The Admirable Heart
of Mary.)

3
endued with power from on high.” 14 When men fear the Pope, that is the time when society will be
cured. “Obey your prelates, and be subject to them. For they watch as being to render an account of
your souls; that they may do this with joy, and not with grief.” 15 “For if you have ten thousand
instructors in Christ, yet not many fathers. For in Christ Jesus, by the gospel, I have begotten you.” 16
The Pope is the father of all Christians, the Blessed Virgin Mary, allegorically speaking, is his holy
spouse, and the Mother of all Christians. Whom she gives birth spiritually to all the sons and daughters
of her seed. “I will put enmities between thee and the woman, and thy seed and her seed.” 17 Does not
the Council of Trent teach that the fourth Commandment is: “Honor thy father and thy mother, that
thou mayest be long lived upon the land which the Lord thy God will give thee.”So why do you
disobey, the Pope and the Blessed Virgin Mary?

“It is not the possession of a bit of land or of a city; it is independence of all power on
earth; being the delegation of Him who said: 'All power is given to Me in Heaven and in
earth; go, therefore, teach ye all nations.' There may, indeed, be another alternative; and I
acknowledge, looking at the stream of events, the time may come when nations,
governments, and legislatures may cease to believe that Jesus Christ has a Church upon
earth; and in the day when they cease so to believe (and I am bound to say, their acts led
us to think they are not far off from the state of unbelief), then the world will not be
Christian, and then I acknowledge that the Vicar of Jesus Christ will have no temporal
power over the world that has rejected his Master. Though I am no prophet and no
expositor of prophecy and know nothing of what is to come, save only as the Catholic
Church and faith guide me, of this I am sure from the lips of Jesus Christ, that in those
days which we call the latter times, “kingdom shall rise against kingdom, and nation
against nation, and brother betray brother to death,” and the world shall be in misery it
never knew before. When these things shall come to pass, the tyranny of the world will
be well nigh over, and the despotism of men will no more torment the Church of God;
revolutions will no longer prosper, because there is One at the door who must reign until
He puts all enemies under His feet, and when that time shall come, will come also the
'resurrection of the just'.” 18

14. Luke 24:49

15. Hebrews 13:17
16. 1 Corinthians 4:15
17. Genesis 3:15
18. The Fourfold Sovereignty of God, by Henry Edward Manning, Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster (Written in 1870-
1871)

4
Objection Three:

Pope Pius IX wrote in Quartus Supra: “For no power of electing bishops or other ministers of religion
has ever been given to the people by either divine or ecclesiastical law.”

Read also from: The Catholic Encyclopedia, Vol. VIII. Nihil Obstat, Imprimatur and Copyright, 1910.
Page 751. “The principle is that the laity as such have no share in the spiritual jurisdiction and
government of the Church…The laity are incapable, if not by Divine law at least by canon law, of real
jurisdiction in the Church…The laity (and by this word we here include the secular authority) cannot
bestow ecclesiastical jurisdiction on clerics under the form of an election properly so called, conferring
the right to an episcopal or other benefice. An election by the laity alone, or one in which the laity took
part, would be absolutely null and void.”

Do you agree at least one thing is clear from the teachings of Pope Pius IX, and The Catholic
Encyclopedia, that the laity have never been given the power to elect a pope?”

I Answer That,

On the contrary, the Papacy is not a Sacrament of the Church, it can also be resigned. As some Popes
have done. 19 There is a drastic difference between electing a bishop and electing the pope. To become a
bishop, one needs to be a priest and then be consecrated as a bishop. However, the papacy, has the
Church history has proven, laymen, deacons, priests, bishops, have been elected to the Papacy. We can
conclude that it cannot be a Sacrament, on the grounds that Holy Orders was not initially needed to be
elected to the Papacy. But if a layman, were elected to the Papacy, he would have to be consecrated as a
bishop to fulfill his office, as Bishop of Rome. But to become a bishop, one must take the Sacrament of
Holy Orders, before he is even considered being elected a Bishop.

The following quotes (1-7) were taken from here. 20

1. “A Council acting independently of the vicar of Christ is unthinkable in the constitution of the
Church. Such assemblies have only taken place in times of great constitutional disturbances, when
either there was no pope or the rightful pope was indistinguishable from anti-popes. In such abnormal
times, the safety of the Church becomes the supreme law, and the first duty of the flock is to find a new
shepherd, under whose direction the existing evils may be remedied." (Catholic Encyclopedia, Vol. IV,
Councils; Rev. J. Wilhem; www.newadvent.org)

2. “The function of the electors, whoever they may be — cardinals as at present, or others as in times
past — is to designate the person who is to occupy the vacant See of Rome. The mode of designation
has not been determined by God by any divine law, and so it remains free to be determined by
ecclesiastical law.” (Urbs et Orbis, by Rev. William Humphries 1919)

3. “When any bishop is elected Supreme Pontiff, either by cardinals or by the people according to the
times, from whom does he obtain the supreme power of jurisdiction? From Christ, of course…”
(Speech given by the Bishop of Grenada at the 22nd Session of the Council of Trent; Concilium

19. The first date is the election the second is there death. According to 'Annuario Pontificio' 1939
Benedict IX 1033-1044
Gregory XI 1044-1046
Pope Saint Celestine V 1294-1294
Gregory XII 1406-1409
20. http://www.vaticaninexile.com/LaityCanElelct.html

5
Tridentuum Editio Gorresiana, Vol. IX, # 50; 1919)

4. “For the Church without doubt has the authority of providing for itself a head, although it is not able,
without the head to decide about many things…as Cajetan rightly teaches…and presbyters of the
Roman Church taught in the epistle to Cyprian.” (De Conciliis, by St. Robert Bellarmine, Ch. 14,
"Certain Doubts Are Explained")

5. “During the vacancy of the Apostolic See, the Church possesses only the power of proceeding to the
election of a new pope, either through the cardinals, or in default of them, by other ways.” (The Church
of the Word Incarnate, by Rev. Charles Journet, Prof. at the Major Seminary of Fribourg)

6. Rev. Journet asks: In whom does the power to elect a Pope preside? Cardinal Cajetan replies: “The
Pope can settle who the electors shall be and change and limit in this way the mode of election…”
Journet comments: “In the case where the settled conditions of validity have become inapplicable, the
task of determining new ones falls to the Church by devolution, this last word being taken, as Cajetan
notes, not in the strict sense, (since devolution is strictly to the higher authority in case of default of the
lower) but in the wide sense, signifying all transmission, even to an inferior…” [Cajetan writes]: “In
the case of ambiguity” (if it is unknown who the true cardinals are or there are antipopes), then the
power “of applying the papacy to such and such a person devolves on the universal Church…In default
of the Roman clergy, the right will belong to the Church universal.” (ibid)

7. In his work on the Great Schism, the historian Walter Ullmann quotes the jurist and canon lawyer
Baldus de Ubaldis. He calls Baldus “perhaps the greatest jurist of the late 14th century.” (The Origins
of the Great Schism, 1948) One of Baldus' students was the future Pope Gregory XI and another
Francis Cardinal Zabarella. In his first Consilium, Ullmann relates, Baldus observed that "Canon Law
lays down the dictum that in doubtful situations the man elected [unless a manifest heretic] has to be
held as Pope." He also taught that a Pope could not be legally deposed long before the Church
condemned this as an heretical proposition. It appears, therefore, that Traditionalists are a day late and a
dollar short, as the saying goes, for above all a papal election must be canonical. That a doubtful Pope
is no Pope was the hue and cry of the Gallicanists. It is a principal revived and mouthed today by
Traditionalists. In the absence of cardinals and clergy, it is not the “ecclesia universalis” who are called
to vote for the Pope but the “fidelium congregatio,” or the congregation of the faithful, “a term used by
Nicholas III in the Sext. 1.6.17.” (ibid) This was the teaching of Francis Cardinal Zabarella in the 14th
century. “Only those who were not stubborn heretics or schismatics — those who kept the faith and
were distinguished from the rest in some way — could actually represent the Church.” Therefore, the
laity can elect the Pope, despite lacking clergy, for the purpose of obtaining the right for direction,
protection, and service.

6
Objection Four:

“Teresa Benns and David Bawden teach in their book that they belonged to the Novus Ordo and many
of the other Traditional Movement sects. There were no priests or bishops around before or during the
David Bawden election. Therefore, not one of those who voted for him were first received into the
Catholic Church! On his website David Bawden states Only Catholics may vote. He also states:
Traditionalists are not Catholic, therefore they cannot vote. In their book, Teresa Benns and David
Bawden tell us in a number of places they belonged to the non-Catholic Novus Ordo sect and many of
the Traditional Movement sects. The conclusion is therefore they cannot vote. But you might reply that
on his website, David Bawden also wrote: Those who have departed the Church can return to the
Church by Professing their Faith and obedience to the Church, Her Laws and the Pope to be elected.
One of many problems is that no one with jurisdiction received any of David Bawden's electors back
into the Church? In the external forum they all remained non-Catholic lay men and women. The
Catholic Church also teaches that even Catholic lay men and women cannot take part in the actual
papal election. If they attempt to do so it would be absolutely null and void.”

I Answer That,

On the Contrary, “commenting on Canons 672 and 2295, Rev Stanislaus Woywod stated that these
canons establish a precedent for cases of heresy, apostasy and schism where infamy is concerned. He
comments: 'If he has for three years given signs of complete amendment, the religious organization is
bound to receive him.' Lest it be objected that all this depends on finding a validly ordained priest who
can absolve from censure, we quote St. Thomas Aquinas: 'Just as Baptism is a necessary Sacrament, so
is Penance…The minister of Penance to whom, in virtue of his office confession should be made is a
priest; but in a case of necessity, even a laymen may take the place of a priest and hear a person's
confession.' (Supplement Q-8, Article 2)”21

After three years of his departure from both the Novus Ordo and Traditional heretical sects, Pope
Michael, formerly David Bawden, the Church is bound to receive him as a Catholic. The problem is
who? Traditionalists cannot since they are not Catholics. Novus Ordoians are not Catholics. There were
no clergy at the time of the election, because of the impossibility of finding one. Not to say that there
was not one in the world, but it is finding that needle in the haystack. Of course you will find the needle
eventually, it is just when. The Church, for the sake of saving souls, cannot wait. The more the Church
waits to be repaired the more souls there are to be lost. To give you another analogy, it is like a
prisoner, who after serving his time for three years, has served his time for his crime. The Church, is
bound to receive him back into the fold, as it shows above in bold. And that is what happened. Pope
Michael, formerly David Bawden, was elected as the Pope, to end the vacancy of the papacy. He
reestablished unity, and purity of doctrine. “The Church has but one ruler and one governor, the
invisible one, Christ, whom the eternal Father hath made head over all the Church, which is his body;
the visible one, the Pope, who, as a legitimate successor of Peter, the Prince of the Apostles, fills the
Apostolic Chair. It is the unanimous teaching of the Fathers that this visible head is necessary to
establish and preserve unity in the Church. A visible Church requires a visible head; therefore the
Saviour appointed Peter head and pastor of all the faithful, when He committed to his care the feeding
of all His sheep, in such ample terms that He willed the very same power of ruling and governing the
entire Church to descend to Peter's successors.” 22

21. http://www.vaticaninexile.com/NoDeclarationNecessary.html
22. The Catechism Of The Council Of Trent (Page: 102-104)

7
 “A layman may also be elected pope, as was Celestine V (1294). Even the election of a
married man would not be invalid (c. "Qui uxorem", 19, caus. 33, Q. 5)...Immediately on
the canonical election of a candidate and his acceptance, he is true pope and can exercise
full and absolute jurisdiction over the whole Church. A papal election, therefore, needs no
confirmation, as the pontiff has no superior on earth.” 23

“The principle is that the laity as such have no share in the spiritual jurisdiction and
government of the Church; but they may be commissioned or delegated by ecclesiastical
authority to exercise certain rights, especially when there is no question of strictly
spiritual jurisdiction, for instance, in the administration of property. The laity are
incapable, if not by Divine law at least by canon law, of real jurisdiction in the Church,
according to chap. x, "De constit." (lib. I. tit. ii): "Attendentes quod laicis etiam religiosis
super ecclesiis et personis ecclesiasticis nulla sit atributa facultas, quos obsequendi manet
necessitas non auctoritas imperandi", i.e., the laity have no authority over things or
persons ecclesiastical; it is their duty to obey not to command. Therefore no official acts
requiring real ecclesiastical jurisdiction can be properly performed by the laity; if
performed by them, they are null and void. A layman therefore cannot be at the head of a
Church or any Christian community, nor can he legislate in spiritual matters, no act as
judge in essentially ecclesiastical cases. In particular, the laity (and by this word we here
include the secular authority) cannot bestow ecclesiastical jurisdiction on clerics under
the form of an election properly so called, conferring the right to an episcopal or other
benefice. An election by the laity alone, or one in which the laity took part, would be
absolutely null and void (c. lvi, "De elect.") (see ELECTION). But this refers to
canonical election strictly so called, conferring jurisdiction on the right to receive it; if it
is merely a question, on the other hand, of selecting an individual, either by way or
presentation or a similar process, the laity are not excluded, for the canonical institution,
the source of spiritual jurisdiction, is exclusively reserved to the ecclesiastical
authority.”24

Reverend Charles Journet quotes John of St. Thomas, in his work: "The Church of the
Word Incarnate. Journet quotes both Cardinal Cajetan and John of St. Thomas in support
of a papal election by remaining Catholics, although the latter supports Constance citing
"Papa dubius, papa nullus" without directly addressing the issue of lay election. Yet, John
of St. Thomas determined that whenever qualified electors participate in the election, a
capable subject is elected and due form is observed, the election is valid. (p. 481.) He
cites the peaceful acceptance and submission of the Church as final proof of validity and
distinguishes negative acceptance "...when the election is not at once contested..." from
positive acceptance, "...when the election is first accepted by those present and then
gradually, by the rest." (p. 481.) 25

And as Canon 1827 states: “He who has a presumption of law in his favor is freed from
the burden of proof, which is thus shifted to his opponent; if the latter cannot prove that
the presumption failed...the judge must render sentence in favor of the one on whose side
the presumption stands.” 26

“God is One and Christ is One, His Church is One, His See is One, founded by the voice

23. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11456a.htm
24. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08748a.htm
25. http://www.ewtn.com/library/THEOLOGY/CHWORDIN.HTM
26. Will the Catholic Church Survive The Twentieth Century?

8
 of the Lord on Peter. No other altar can be set up, no other priesthood instituted apart
from that one altar and that one Priesthood. Whoso gathers elsewhere, scatters.” 27

“Simon, My disciple, I placed thee as the foundation of Holy Church. I had already called
thee a 'rock,' for thou art to bear up the entire edifice; thou art to be the inspector of all
those who shall build up My Church on earth; if they to build into spurious material, it
will be for you, the foundation, to repress them; thou art the source and the foundation
from which My teaching is drawn; thou art the head of My disciples; through thee will I
give drink to all the nations; thine is that lifegiving sweetness which I will dispense; thee
have I chosen that by My appointment thou mayest be as it were the firstborn and mayest
be made heir to My treasure; to thee have I given the keys of My Kingdom. Behold I
have made thee ruler over all my treasures.” 28

“Woe to him that is alone, for when he falleth, he hath none to lift him up.” 29 You my dear friend, are
indeed outside the Church, since you refuse to submit to the Pope. And you need to submit to the Pope
if you wish to save your soul. “Furthermore, we declare, we proclaim, we define that it is absolutely
necessary for salvation that every human creature be subject to the Roman Pontiff.” 30

27. St. Cyprian, ep. 50, 5. (Catholic Apologetics Page: 108)

28. St. Ephraem the Syrian (306-373), In Hebdomadam Sactam, IV, I. (Catholic Apologetics Page: 108)
29. Ecclesiastes 4:10
30. Pope Boniface VIII, Encyclical Unam Sanctam, 1302

9
Works Cited

The Roman Catechism:The Catechism Of The Council Of Trent

(Ordered By The Council Of Trent Edited Under St. Charles Borromeo Published By Decree Of Pope
St. Pius V)
Translated Into English With Notes By:
John A. McHugh, O.P., S.T.M., Litt.D.
Charles J. Callan, O.P., S.T.M., Litt.D.
NIHIL OBSTAT:
V.F. O'Daniel, O.P., S.T.M.
T. M. Schwertner, O.P., S.T. LR.
IMPRIMI POTEST: J.R. Meagher, O.P., S. T. LR. Provincialis
NIHIL OBSTAT: A. J. Scanlan. S. T. D. Censor Librorum
IMPRIMATUR:
Patritius J. Hayes, Achiepiscopus Neo-EboracensisNeo-Eboraci, Die 3 Januarii, 1923

Catholic Apologetics
(God, Christianity and the Church)
A Course In Religion For Catholic High Schools and Academics Book IV
By: Fr. John Laux, M.A.
NIHIL OBSTAT: Arthur J. Scanlan, S.T.D. Censor Librorum
IMPRIMATUR: +Patrick Cardinal Hayes Archbishop of New York August 27, 1928

Holy Bible
The Douay - Rheims
Nihil Obstat: Arthur J. Scanlan, S.T.D. Censor Librorum
Imprimatur: Francis J. Spellman, D.D. Archbishop of New York, New York February 3 , 1941
Original Publisher: The Douay Bible House, New York, 1941

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