Adv DM v6.3 06a Coupled Flow

6DOF Solver and 1DOF
UDF
Advanced FLUENT Dynamic

Mesh Training
© 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Advanced Dynamic Mesh Training Fluent User Services Center
FLUENT v6.3 January 2008 www.fluentusers.com
6 DOF Solver – Introduction

So ffar, we hhave only
S l usedd prescribed
ib d motion
ti – we specifiedifi d the
th
location or velocity of the object using the in-cylinder tool or a profile.
Now we would like to move the object as a result of the aerodynamic
forces and moments acting together with other forces
forces, such as the force
due to gravity, thrust forces, or ejector forces (i.e., forces used to
initially push objects away from an airplane or rocket, to avoid
collisions). The motion and the flow field are thus coupled, and we
call
ll this
hi coupled
l d motion.
i
z Store separation
z Stage separation
Fluent provides a 6DOF solver that computes the trajectory of an
object based on the aerodynamic forces/moments, gravitational force,
and ejector forces.
Fluent also provides a 1DOF UDF for 1 degree of freedom coupled
flow
© 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 6-2 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
6 DOF UDF – Theory

U ddefines
User fi severall parameters
t in i the
th panell
z Gravitational force
z Initial conditions including CG location, CG orientation, CG linear
velocity, and CG angular velocity
User also defines the following parameters in a UDF. A UDF is used
so that they can be a function of time
z Mass and momentum of inertia.
z Ejector forces (optional)
Fluent will compute the aerodynamic forces and moments
Based on the force balance (aerodynamic, gravity, and ejector forces),
compute the translational acceleration, then integrate to calculate the
translational velocity. Based on the moments, compute the angular
acceleration, then integrate to calculate the angular velocity.
Compute the new CG location and Euler angles
Example 1 – 2D Store Separation

Apply
A l 6 DOF solver
l to the
h airdrop
id off the
h rescue podd
Below is the UDF used to specify the mass matrix and ejector force:
#include "udf.h"
DEFINE_SDOF_PROPERTIES(store, prop, dt, time, dtime)
{
/* Define the mass matrix */
prop[SDOF_MASS]
p p[ ] = 5000.0;
;
prop[SDOF_IZZ] = 5e3;
/* add ejector forces, moments */
if (time <= 0.3)
{
prop[SDOF_LOAD_F_X] = -40000;
prop[SDOF_LOAD_F_Y] = -80000;
prop[SDOF_LOAD_M_Z] = -2200.0;
}
Message0("\nUpdated 6DOF properties\n");
}
Example 1 – DM Parameters
Select
S l t Six
Si DOF S Solver
l
Enter Gravitational Acceleration
Smoothing and Remeshing parameters are the same as in the non-coupled case
Example 1 – Dynamic Zones

T dynamic
Two d i zones
z Wall-object: rigid body motion plus initial condition
z Fluid-bl: identical setup as wall-object except for Passive
Example 1 – Mesh Motion

Even in
E i cases withith
coupled motion, it is wise
to preview the mesh
motion before performing
p g
the calculations.
In this case, start without
initializing, and the object
will
ill simply
i l drop
d under
d the
h
influence of gravity and/or
external forces.
Observe the effect of
dynamic mesh parameters
(spring constant, size
function, maximum
skewness, etc.)
Example 1 – Animation
The figure
Th fi shows
h
pressure contours
corresponding to a
freestream Mach
number of 0.8
Note how the object has
drifted aft,
aft and how it
goes forward at the
beginning due to ejector
force
This problem exists as a
tutorial.
Example 2 – 3D Store Separation

Store dropped
St d d
from a delta wing
(NACA 64A010)
at Mach 1.2.
Ejector forces
dominate for a
short time.
All-tet mesh.
Smoothing.
remeshing with
size
i function.
f ti
Fluent results
agree very well
with wind tunnel
results!
Example 3 – 2D Store Separation with VOF
Example 2 – 2d Rocket Stage Separation
1DOF UDF
Si il to 6DOF solver,
Similar l a UDF iis written
i ffor 1DOF coupled
l d flow
fl
z Lagrange gun
z Check valve
The 1DOF UDF also considers the min and max distance that the
object can travel, which is normally important for 1DOF application.
z Note that the 6DOF solver will not consider the boundary. The user needs
to make
k sure that
h the
h object
bj never hits
hi any boundary
b d
Pure layering is normally used for 1DOF application. For 6DOF
applications, pure tri/tet mesh is normally used.
Tutorial exists for 1DOF UDF
Example 1 – Missile Silo Launch
Example 2 – Muzzle Brake

Projectile
P j il moving i
inside and out of a
barrel.
I i i l patchh in
Initial i theh
chamber drives the
motion.
U
User-defined
d fi d reall
gas law (Abel-Nobel
Equation of State).
L
Layering.
i
Tutorial exists.
Example 2 – Results
IInitial
i i l patchh in
i Fi l condition
Final di i at shot
h exit
i
the chamber
drives the motion
of the 50 kg
bullet/piston.
User-defined real
gas law (Abel
(Abel-
Nobel Equation
of State).
Very good
agreement (red Initial condition at time t = 0
and green data)
all the way to
shot exit!
6 DOF Coupled Motion – Tips

Even in
E i cases with
i h coupled
l d motion,
i iti is
i wise
i to preview
i theh meshh
motion before carrying out the flow calculations (which can be
expensive).
z Sometimes
S ti you can proceedd without
ith t initial
i iti l linear/angular
li / l velocity,
l it andd
observe a linear motion in the direction of the gravity vector.
z Other times, it may be useful to provide an initial condition in order to
impart initial translational and/or rotational velocity components.
components
z It is usually better (but more expensive) to compute a steady solution in
order to obtain an initial distribution of pressures and shear stresses.
After convergence,
g switch to the unsteady
y solver and hook the UDF.
During the preview, the object will move based on the forces that resulted
from the steady calculation. The resulting motion usually involves both
translation and rotation.
6 DOF Coupled Motion – Tutorial

A this
At hi time
i we recommendd that
h you do
d on off our 6DOF tutorials
i l
z 2D Store Separation – Air Drop of a Rescue Pod
z 3D Store Separation – Delta Wing

Adv DM v6.3 06a Coupled Flow

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6DOF Solver and 1DOF

Advanced FLUENT Dynamic

© 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

6 DOF Solver – Introduction

6 DOF UDF – Theory

Example 1 – 2D Store Separation

Example 1 – Dynamic Zones

Example 1 – Mesh Motion

Example 2 – 3D Store Separation

Example 3 – 2D Store Separation with VOF

Example 2 – 2d Rocket Stage Separation

Example 1 – Missile Silo Launch

Example 2 – Muzzle Brake

6 DOF Coupled Motion – Tips

6 DOF Coupled Motion – Tutorial

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