IT-3RD SEMESTER

DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Elements of a General Communication System, Modulation, Need for Modulation, Fundamental
Limitations of a Communication System, Analog and Digital Signals and Systems, Baseband
and Bandpass Communication, Introduction to Radio Communication, Analog Modulation
Techniques: Amplitude Modulation and Frequency Modulation.

UNIT II ELEMENTS OF DIGITAL COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION THEORY

Model of a Digital Communication System, Logarithmic Measure of Information, Entropy and
Information Rate, Conditional Entropy and Redundancy, Source Coding, Fixed and Variable
Length Code Words, Source Coding Theorem, Prefix Coding and Kraft Inequality, Shannon-
Fano and Huffman Coding for 1st, 2nd and 3rd Order Extensions, Mutual Information and Channel
Capacity of a Discrete Memoryless Channel, Calculation of Channel Capacity of a Discrete
Memoryless Channel, of a BSC, Hartley-Shannon Law.

UNIT III PULSE MODULATION AND WAVEFORM CODING TECHNIQUES

Sampling and Reconstruction of Analog Signals, Types of Pulse Modulation System: PAM,
PWM and PPM, Quantization, Encoding, Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), Bandwidth of PCM,
Differential PCM, Delta Modulation (DM), Threshold of Coding and Slope Overload, Adaptive
Delta Modulation (ADM), ADPCM, Comparison of PCM and DM
Line Coding and its Properties, NRZ and RZ Types, Signaling Format for Unipolar, Polar,
Bipolar (AMI), and Manchester Coding, Digital Multiplexing.

UNIT IV DIGITAL MODULATION TECHNIQUES

Types of Digital Modulation, Waveforms for Amplitude, Frequency and Phase Shift Keying,
Method of Generation and Detection of Coherent and non-coherent Binary ASK, FSK and PSK,
Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK), Quadrature Modulation Techniques: Quadrature
Amplitude Modulation (QAM) and Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), Minimum Shift
Keying (MSK).

UNIT V ERROR CONTROL CODING

Error Free Communication over a Noisy Channel, Hamming Code, Relation between Minimum
Distance and Error Detecting and Correcting Capability, Linear Block Codes, Encoding and
Syndrome Decoding, Cyclic Codes, Encoder and Decoder for Systematic Cyclic Codes,
Convolution Codes, Code Tree and Trellis Diagram, Viterbi and Sequential Decoding, Burst
Error Correction.

TEXT BOOK: B. Sklar, “Digital Communications: Fundamentals and Applications,” Pearson Education.
REFERENCES:
1. B.P. Lathi “Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems,” Oxford University Press.
2. S. Haykin, “Digital Communication,” John Willey.
3. R.P. Singh and S.D. Sapre, “Communication Systems: Analog and Digital,” Tata McGraw-Hill.
4. T. Schilling, “Principles of Communication Systems,” TMH.
5. J.J. Proakis, “Digital Communications,” Mc Graw Hill.
6. A.B. Carlson, “Communication Systems,” TMH.
7. G. Kennedy, “Electronic Communication Systems,” TMH.
Course Instructor: Arun Prakash (LT-3101)