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OJOg^o 2, 1974.

2. aJJ0rO«5)ca>o 1 C3td(03l212(3fAflQ ,eja6)o: 1

3 . e0fiai3a)Q^(TU0fijOl(3>^ iiJ(OlL«J)o, CoJ, 536

4. gT) c9><OT3)l6)ag LnJ<TV)<e(a)eO(/)o 6)«9>.6)«e>.ajfini2mQ (3ia6m3JG^«9.«)1o n^tPJOTnOO)

rao1«d.ra1^§j6re.

5. (rujejooOjroS ^QJOJOOS, ISOO aulcroosmcS i

6. 6)i0>.6)€a>.l2)2fir>2ffi(3 (3T36rilQ2(03ce!>(Dlo ,000^1(3 OrUODOS^OnO IZ)c0<I5)l(3)63J3(/3'slaj^(t)lt.(3)o


(SnJ^ 88-95

7. (i3)JaO(i£l<aKJ)JGj3 (3Ta61Jai)O^,aJa<0an<S>o, OJOI, ejcQOol, CoJSt. 2

8. cn)1.6)<e>. ifcolo, c«a)0§ la^cnjejlo (U)Qa)0<flSsol,fiJ20o. 58i 6)ca>a^1, i960

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10. ffljorueilo SCDOJJO oflg^oe^ocruajjo, fflcecnl KoeanoS crooujcasm <a>^(3)l<9>a3

11. n o o s i n^o. i2jaf)maQj<ej6gg, aj<06)o taroejoilcmjo orxsojoroioooD ODOcoJcajoaaojo.


CnJK 31, 32.

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G«9>0§QQ)o, 1979

13. ri^o.o^. OfiOffioaS, aoryigffloojns L-TJsnlaj^ojnnoosmsc^ ,nj^ce6)2(3>1fi> KjsnS 2009

14. ej.anasru^, raraosnil aeJODag oruorinlcu)^ iij(ol(.ro)o, C Q J ^ . i34, a^(ru.fijl.nrul ri^oro


C<9)0§CQ)o, 1979
15. ajidonricrojglaS cmdooms, o^ipjtOTDjiaGJCxsogRjnnloa^ ajoroejlo aJloro(?J)ora63T3u3,
LfiJcsnjocDcno crocaJrai^ct^ oJRnloj, 2010

280

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