IMPROVING THE LABORATORY SERVICES OF NEW SINAI MDI

HOSPITAL THROUGH THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A HISTOPATH

SECTION:
A FEASIBILTY STUDY

Text
Text

A Project Study

Submitted to the

Faculty of the Graduate School

St. Joseph's College of Quezon City

In Partial Fulfillment of

The Requirements for the Degree

Master in Hospital Management

Josephine T. Policar, M.D.

September 2017

1
 APPROVAL SHEET

This project entitled “Improving the Laboratory Services of New Sinai MDI
Hospital Through the Establishment of a Histopath Section: A Feasibility Study”,
submitted by Josephine T Policar, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
of Master in Hospital Management, has been examined and recommended for oral
examination.

Miss Mia Monica Bernabe

Adviser

Approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree for Oral Examination
Committee:

Jose Pepito M. Amores, MD, MHA, PhD

Chairman

_______________________________ _______________________________
Member Member

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in

Hospital Management.

Comprehensive Examination: PASSED

Oral Defense:

Sr. Marivic Galamay, SFIC

Dean Graduate School

2
Contents
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................................ 7
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................. 8
CHAPTER 1 .................................................................................................................... 10
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 10
Background of the Study .............................................................................................. 10
Statement of the Problem .............................................................................................. 12
Objective ....................................................................................................................... 13
Significance................................................................................................................... 13
Background ................................................................................................................... 13
Scope and Delimitations ............................................................................................... 14
CHAPTER II ................................................................................................................... 15
MARKET STUDY ........................................................................................................... 15
The Market .................................................................................................................... 15
Geographical considerations ......................................................................................... 15
Demographics ............................................................................................................... 16
Psychographics ............................................................................................................. 18
Target market ................................................................................................................ 19
Environmental Analysis ................................................................................................ 21
Significant Findings ...................................................................................................... 22
Competitive Grid .......................................................................................................... 23
Industry Environment and Macroeconomics ................................................................ 23
Rivalry among Existing Competitors: Moderate ...................................................... 24
Threat of New Entrants: Moderate ........................................................................... 24
Bargaining Power of Buyers: Moderate ................................................................... 24
Threat of Substitutes: Strong .................................................................................... 25
Bargaining Power of Suppliers: Weak...................................................................... 25
Marketing Objectives (Key Result Areas) .................................................................... 25
Sales .......................................................................................................................... 25
Profit ......................................................................................................................... 29
Market Share ............................................................................................................. 29
Marketing Strategies ..................................................................................................... 29
Positioning ................................................................................................................ 29
Product ...................................................................................................................... 30

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 Price .......................................................................................................................... 30
Place .......................................................................................................................... 31
Promotion.................................................................................................................. 31
CHAPTER III ................................................................................................................. 33
TECHNICAL STUDY...................................................................................................... 33
Objective of the Study .................................................................................................. 33
Infrastructure ................................................................................................................. 33
Equipment ..................................................................................................................... 34
CHAPTER IV.................................................................................................................. 37
MANAGEMENT STUDY ............................................................................................... 37
Form of Business Ownership and Rationale ................................................................. 37
Organizational Structure of Clinical Laboratory .......................................................... 37
CHAPTER V ................................................................................................................... 39
FINANCIAL STUDY ....................................................................................................... 39
Total Project Cost ......................................................................................................... 39
Sources of financing ..................................................................................................... 39
Projected Cash Flows .................................................................................................... 41
Computation of Net Cash Inflow .................................................................................. 42
Budgeting Techniques .................................................................................................. 43
Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC)............................................................ 43
Net Present Value (NPV) .......................................................................................... 43
Internal Rate of Return (IRR) ................................................................................... 44
Payback Period and Discounted Payback Period...................................................... 45
Profitability Index (PI) .............................................................................................. 46
Financial Assumptions .................................................................................................. 46
CHAPTER VI.................................................................................................................. 48
SOCIOECONOMIC ......................................................................................................... 48
CHAPTER VII ................................................................................................................ 50
CONTINGENCY PLAN .................................................................................................. 50
CHAPTER VIII .............................................................................................................. 51
SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS, CONCLUSION ............................................... 51
APPENDIX ...................................................................................................................... 52
APPENDIX 1. Guidelines for charging Histopathology biopsy specimen .................. 52
APPENDIX 2. Computation of Revenues .................................................................... 52

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 APPENDIX 3. Computation of Yearly Depreciation Expense .................................... 53
APPENDIX 5. Computation of Interest Expenses ....................................................... 54
APPENDIX 6. Computation of Electricity Expense .................................................... 54
APPENDIX 7. Computation of Advertising and Promotional Expense....................... 55
APPENDIX 8. Histopathology Quality Procedure as a requirement by the DOH ....... 55
APPENDIX 9: Bill of Quantities .................................................................................. 71
Appendix 10. Letter of Proposal from the Supplier .................................................. 72
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS: .............................................................................. 72
REFERENCES ................................................................................................................ 79

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List of Tables
Table 1. Total Household Population of the City of Santa Rosa ...................................... 18
Table 2. Number of samples per year referred by Doctors within the 10 km radius
Hospitals ........................................................................................................................... 20
Table 3. SWOT analysis of New Sinai MDI Hospital – Histopathology Section ............ 21
Table 4. List of Hospitals in the Area that offers histopath .............................................. 23
Table 5. Price Comparison at present of NSMDIH and PHMC- Biñan ........................... 23
Table 6. Projected Sales per year in 5 years. .................................................................... 27
Table 7. Number of specimens for histopath per year by doctors from the different
hospitals within the 10 km radius from New Sinai MDI Hospital ................................... 28
Table 8. Projected Histopathology procedures per year in 5 years................................... 28
Table 9. Distribution of sales in Percentage. .................................................................... 29
Table 10. Projected Net Cash inflow. ............................................................................... 29
Table 11. Gantt Chart of the Histopathology Activities. .................................................. 32
Table 12. Total Project Cost ............................................................................................. 39
Table 13. Projected Cash Flows........................................................................................ 41
Table 14. Net Cash Inflow. ............................................................................................... 42
Table 15. Payback Period and Discounted Payback Period ............................................. 45

List of Figures
Figure 1. Vicinity Map ...................................................................................................... 11
Figure 2. Façade of New Sinai MDI Hospital. ................................................................ 11
Figure 3. Map of Santa Rosa, Province of Laguna. .......................................................... 15
Figure 4. Map of ............................................................................................................... 20
Figure 5. Proposed floor plan of Histopathology section. ................................................ 33
Figure 6. Manpower requirements of the Histopathology Section. .................................. 37

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank the following person who helped me in my Feasibility

Study, my husband Romeo C. Policar and my children, Roberto Jacob Policar, Juliana

Regina T Policar, Ramon Joshua T. Policar, and Jessica Ratu T. Policar, my groupmates,

Marian Colasito, M.D., Grace Mercado-Gito, M.D., Joel Colasito, M.D. Also the

Medical Director of University of Perpetual Help Medical Center-Binan Dr Adrien

Quidlat, Ms Cristina Alinsunurin provider of medical equipment and Ms Gima Chief

Medical Technologist of New Sinai Medical Center, Miss Antonio chief Med Tech of

Perpetual Help Medical Center- Binan.

I would also like to acknowledge my professors who taught me everything I know

of Hospital Management. If someday I built and operate a successful hospital, it is

because of the knowledge they generously shared.

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 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

New Sinai MDI Hospital is a six (6) storey building with 90 bed capacity tertiary

hospital located in a sprawling 4,800 m2 lot in Brgy. Tagapo, Sta. Rosa, Laguna. It is

owned and managed by 26 founders, and 835 stockholders, mostly composed of

competent medical specialists. It started its formal operations in its new location as a

hospital on July 07, 2007. After more than 2 years of service, the hospital was able to

establish a school that trains students in paramedical specialties like physical therapy,

medical technology, nursing, radiologic technology, occupational therapy, social work

and ancillary studies. Currently, there are 41 Clinical Specialties and 16 ancillary services

in New Sinai MDI Hospital. Thus New Sinai MDI Hospital is considered as the referral

center of San Pedro, Biñan, Sta Rosa, Cabuyao, San Pablo, and Carmona-GMA Cavite

areas. It has been known to be the leading medical and diagnostic center providing

quality care servicing the general public and become a competitive tertiary hospital in the

south. But even if there are several ancillary services NSMDIH offers, its laboratory still

has no Histopathology section. Thus setting up a Histopathology section is proposed to

improve the present laboratory of NSMDIH.

The histopathology section shall be housed in the hospital laboratory with an area of 24

m² and equipped with a total of 4 equipment purchased from a reputable equipment

manufacturing company. The laboratory shall be managed by a Pathologist and shall

have a capacity of 8-9 samples per day.

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Before it’s actual operation, training on used of equipment shall be conducted by the

technical staff from equipment supplier. The section shall operate daily from 8:00 am to

5:00 pm and shall be manned by a licensed medical technologist. The laboratory shall

maintain an inventory of materials required for the process and shall be replenished from

a supplier of choice from Metro Manila.

As indicated in the study, the target market are the populations of the neighboring towns

of Sta Rosa, Biñan, Cabuyao, and Carmona. The market also includes hospitals and

clinics within the considered 10 km radius from NSMDIH. These are hospitals which do

not have in-house histopath laboratory and send out specimen to hospitals of choice by

the hospital’s respective Consultants.

With a capital expenditure of Php 6,000,000.00 coming partly from owner’s equity and

partly from bank loan the project is expected to payback in 4 years. Financial projections

were derived from data available publicly such as census of samples referred by New

Sinai and neighboring hospitals to Perpetual Binan and Census of gathered from

Perpetual Help Medical Center- Binan for in and out patients.

The project is seen to create positive social impact on the area. The introduction of a

competition for the lone provider of histopath shall provide the patients a choice. This is

also seen as another center of possible business growth as New Sinai becomes successful

to its new venture, providers of supplies shall see the opportunity to set us business in the

locality.

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 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

New Sinai Hospital started as a diagnostic clinic inside the Medical Center of

Muntinlupa on October 12,1995 and was known as Muntinlupa Diagnostics Inc. or MDI.

MDI for years continued to progress and expand providing additional services to its

clientele with an ultimate goal of becoming a hospital complex. Today, New Sinai Hospital

is a 90 bed, secondary level hospital located in a sprawling 4,800 m² lot in Tagapo, Sta

Rosa, Laguna.

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Figure 1. Vicinity Map1

Figure 2. Façade of New Sinai MDI Hospital.2

New Sinai MDI Hospital started its formal operations in its new location as a

hospital on July 8, 2007. MDI has since been recognized as a leading medical and

diagnostic center providing quality care for the general public and a competitive tertiary

hospital in the south.

Upon its expansion from a diagnostic clinic to a hospital complex New Sinai MDI

begun to offer a wider range of services, both for inpatient and outpatient cases. The

diagnostics procedures the hospital offers are almost complete for OB Gyne and cardiology

1
New Sinai MDI Hospital.Google map. Retrieved from http://www.google.com.ph/maps/place/New
Sinai+MDI+Hospital
2
New Sinai MDI Hospital.Google map. Retrieved from http://www.google.com.ph/maps/place/New
Sinai+MDI+Hospital

11
and probably one of the reasons it is currently considered as the referral center for the towns

and cities of Laguna and Cavite. The hospital is affiliated with 24 Health Medical

Organizations making healthcare services more appealing and accessible to the local

residents as well as that of the nearby towns. There are 41 Clinical Specialties also available

in NSMDIH.

While the hospital is very strong in its diagnostics department the clinical

laboratory offers very limited services. To list, the hospital offers only the following:

1. Clinical Microscopy

2. Routine Chemistries

3. Microbiology

4. Drug Test

5. Thyroid Test

6. Hematology Test

At present, there is still no Histopath section in the laboratory and all tissue

specimen examinations needed for tissue processing are sent outside.

Statement of the Problem

While being known and recognized as the referral center of the south, NSMDIH

send out tissue specimen to other hospitals for all its HISTOPATH requirements. There is

no hospital in Sta Rosa which has a histopath section, all histopath specimens from the

town are sent to the nearest hospital which is in Binan and is about 2.1 km away from

NSMDIH.

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Objective

1. To determine the feasibility and profitability of operating a histopathology section inside

NSMDIH to cater to its own tissue processing requirements and to offer the same services

to other hospitals and clinics around the area

2. To provide the management indications as to its internal capability to operate such a

section and the capability of both the personnel, the management and the process to the

changes in its operations

3. To determine the socio-economic feasibility of the section

Significance

The study aims to project financial outcome in a scenario where a histopath

section is operated in NSMDIH to cater the unmet demands of service on histopath of

Sta. Rosa. Predominantly, it intends to provide information on the management and

expediency on the operation of a histopath section.

Background

The project aims to establish a Histopath section for NSMDIH within the existing

part of the building. The hospital shall ensure that requirements from both local and

national government are met and complied with. The project is intended to address the

needs of both adult and pediatric patients needing diagnostic and therapeutic services in

the municipality of Sta. Rosa and the neighboring towns and cities. The inclusion of a

13
histopath section in the hospital operation is an operational improvement that should

generate additional patients and revenue for the hospital.

Scope and Delimitations

The study is limited on the establishment of a histopath section as an additional

service the laboratory would offer.

This study looks at a new Histopath section and established for the purposes of

financial projections.

The data gathered on the prices of Perpetual Help Medical Center –Biñan, Binan

Hospital and Medical Center and Santa Rosa Hospital was thru telephone calls. While the

2016 Census of the Histopathology section being processed was gathered through the

collaboration of the Medical Director and Head of the Laboratory.

The most recent National Census available publicly is 2010.

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 CHAPTER II
MARKET STUDY

The Market
Geographical considerations

Figure 3. Map of Santa Rosa, Province of Laguna. 3

New Sinai MDI Hospital is located along National Highway, Brgy. Tagapo, Sta.

Rosa, Laguna. It was strategically built near two distinguished shopping malls namely

Robinson’s place and SM Sta. Rosa. Likewise, MDI is located just a few meters away

from the Grand Pavilion Mall in Binan, Laguna.

3
Santa Rosa, Laguna.Google map.https://www.google.com.ph

15
 The NSMDIH is accessible by public transport such as PUJ or FX from Alabang.

Patients may reach NSMDIH via Olivares Complex in Binan, Laguna through Mamplasan

exit. Alabang to Calamba bound clients may take PUJ passing along National Highway to

go directly to the hospital site. Same route goes for privately owned vehicles. Santa Rosa

is bounded by the following:

Northwest : Binan

South and Southwest : Cabuyao

West : Cavite

The city is located along the south corridor of Luzon and about 40 km south of

Manila. It lies 50 kilometers northwest of Santa Cruz, The capital town of the Province of

Laguna. The City of Sta. Rosa is accessible to people coming from and entering Metro

Manila and other Southern Provinces due to the construction of South Luzon Expressway

(SLEX), The Manila South Road and the Philippine National railroad South line. It can

also be accessed by those from Silang, Cavite. Water transport to the nearby coastal town

is also available.4

Demographics

The City of Sta Rosa is known as the Lion City of South Luzon because of its

booming and vibrant economy. This city houses 4 car manufacturers, 4 Philippine Export

Processing Zones and some of the major and biggest manufacturing in the country, to name

one Coca Cola’s biggest plant in the Far East is here. The congregation of these zones and

corporations has provided jobs to more than 100,000 work force. This has also brought

4
Physical Profile.Geography. City of Santa Rosa, Laguna. Retrieved from http://www.santarosacity.gov.ph

16
great growth in the city’s revenue and has made it to become part of the billionaire’s club

of local government in the Philippines.

This economic leap has spurred population growth due to migration. An excerpt from the

government’s website states: “Thirty years ago, the population of Santa Rosa was only

47,639 persons. The population size is almost five times the population of the City of

Santa Rosa in the 2010 actual census of population and housing (Figure 1). The

enumerated upward sloping population data from various censuses through the years can

be attributed with the favorable economic development brought by the private sector

making Santa Rosa as an alternative location for the businesses and residences other than

Metropolitan Manila.”5

With a record of 289,946 population count, the city of Sta. Rosa is divided into 18

barangays covering a total of 5,543 hectares. Within a few of the barangays, numerous

health facilities can also be found to cater to the general population. The hospital is

located in the most populated barangay of Sta. Rosa, Tagapo with a total population of

20,954, directly catering to 7% of the total population of the city. With the city of Sta.

Rosa allocating 31% of their land area for residential use, the city’s population continues

to grow with migrants and citizens seeking job opportunities and education. In 2012

survey, it has an estimated household of 67,500 and an average household size of 4.3.

5
Demography. Total Population. City of Santa Rosa, Laguna. Retrieved from
http://www.santarosacity.gov.ph

17
Table 1. Total Household Population of the City of Santa Rosa 6

Psychographics

Sta. Rosa has a dynamic mix of culture and heritage. At a very fast rate of

industrialization and commerce the city still has 15% of its total land irrigated and use for

agriculture. This group is expected to maintain the old traditional life of Sta. Rosa, on the

other hand about 10% of its population are migrants of which some percentage are

retirees and expatriates who are looking for a quiet and relaxing haven. Professionals

from the manufacturing and BPO industries, as well as young families also call the city

their home.

Sta. Rosa is also one of the provinces with the highest number of college graduates,

6
Demography. Projected Population. City of Santa Rosa, Laguna. Retrieved from
http://santarosacity.gov.ph

18
residents of other Laguna towns and municipalities are flocking to what is considered as

the “Makati of Southern Luzon” in hopes of better professional prospects.

Laid back yet progressive, Sta Rosa can be considered as a city that champions

work-life balance.

Here, residents can look forward to a productive day at the office and still come

home to their loved ones with a lot of energy remaining; after all, they aren’t stressed by

the chaos of regular city life.

Target market

With the establishment of a histopath section within the hospital’s laboratory, the

clientele of the hospital is predicted to grow which will translate to additional revenue for

the hospital. In addition to this, the hospital’s processes will also benefit from it because

there is no need to send out tissue samples to other hospitals providing more time for staff

to do other productive things. Also through this development, New Sinai may be able to

cater to nearby towns and cities on their histopath needs.

The target market are hospitals and clinics within the 10KM radius from the New

Sinai MDI Hospital which send out their histopathology specimens.

Doctors from these hospitals are part of the market since it would be their

decision to decide to which outside laboratory will the samples for histopath be sent. The

only competitor is Perpetual Help Medical Center in Binan. The hospital should organize

lunches or dinners with a different group of doctors every week to present the capability

and the capacity of the laboratory, especially detailing on the processes to ensure quality

19
and reliability of results. This should be on top of the special price that New Sinai can

offer.

Figure 4. Map, 10 KM radius from New Sinai MDI Hospital

Table 2. Number of samples per year referred by Doctors within the 10 km radius
Hospitals
Hospitals Number of Doctors
1 9
2 12
3 12
4 10
5 20
6 22
7 12
8 22
9 71
10 22
11 20
12 15
13 22
14 12

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Based on data gathered thru survey and research there are 14 hospitals in the area with a

total of 280 OB gynecologists and Surgeons. Surveyed resulted to an average of 485

specimens sent out for histopath for every 20 doctors per year.

Environmental Analysis

Table 3. SWOT analysis of New Sinai MDI Hospital – Histopathology Section

STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
1. Strategically located between 2 Malls, SM 1. Med Tech needs to undergo training on
Sta. Rosa and Robinsons Place. Histopath

2. Accessible to all modes of transportation 2. Low ancillary services utilization.

24/7
3. Perceived expensive rate of services.
3. Has a school for allied Health
Professionals. Employee search may be easier 4. Fast turnover of staff.
and graduates’ familiarity could be a source
for service reference 5. Non- aggressive marketing initiatives.

4. Recognition from respectable institution

for excelling to the standard of service among
the nearby hospitals. This should remove
doubts from patients on the credibility of a
new laboratory (Center of excellence, PHIC)

5. Composed of high numbers of accredited

specialists like Surgeons, Obstetrics and
Gynecologists, Internist, ENT, Pediatricians
who can bring patients in NSMDIH.

6. Some Pathologists are stockholders.

OPPORTUNITIES THREATS

1. Tie up with other hospitals as a referral 1. Presence of a histopath section in Binan

center for Histopath since nearby clinics and which is about 2.5 km from New Sinai
hospital do not have a Histopath section. (Perpetual Help Medical Center).

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 2. Serves as catchment area for smaller clinics 2. Fast turnover of staff that chose to work
and health facilities. overseas.

3. Increasing population due to migration

(Migrant settler moving in the district to be
nearer to their place of work).

4. 4.3% growth rate. Brgy Tagapo (7.3%) is

the top 5 in Sta. Rosa City (development of
New Residential Subdivisions)

5. Located in a district that houses two large

Industrial estates. As new companies open in
the sites there is a strong possibility that new
residents will come in and increase possible
market.

7. Increase Morbidity and mortality cases on

Neoplasms.

Significant Findings

As indicated, the opportunity lies mainly in the hospitals and clinics located

within the 10 km radius from New Sinai MDI Hospital. Medical Specialists from these

hospitals are also connected and some are major stockholders of NSMDIH, who will

refer patients and histopath specimens for process in NSMDIH. The fast rate population

growth as well as the industrialization and commercialization of Santa Rosa City is also

an opportunity. In addition, with increase in the morbidity and mortality in the

Philippines as stated from an article, As of February 2010, the World Health

Organization predicted that the number of cancer deaths worldwide would increase from

7.6 million to 17 million deaths in 2030. In the Philippines, cancer ranked third in the list

of leading causes of death in the country in 2010. 7 The lack of competition and

accessibility from all provinces surrounding it bespeak of the strong possibility to capture

22
50% of the market. This opportunity is fortified by the inherent strength of the hospital

being recognized as respectable institution and have proven excellence in service.

The identification of the weaknesses and threats give the shareholders the time

and opportunity to prepare and solve the problems before it surfaces. The unfamiliarity of

the management and the staff can be easily remedied by training, exposure and hiring.

Competitive Grid
Table 4. List of Hospitals in the Area that offers histopath

Histopath Travel
Name of Hospital Level Address Distance
section Time
10
Perpetual Help Sto. Nino,
3 Yes 2.1 KM minutes’
Medical Center -Binan Binan, Laguna
drive

Table 5. Price Comparison at present of NSMDIH and PHMC- Biñan

Price Comparison
NSMDIH PHMC-Binan
Specimen In patient Out patient In patient Out patient
small 1,623.00 1,461.00 1,050.00 950.00
medium 2,115.00 1,904.00 1,215.00 1,100.00
large 3,208.00 2,888.00 1,815.00 1,650.00
radical 4,618.00 4,157.00 2,500.00 2,250.00
FNAB 2,087.00 1,879.00 718.00 650.00
Cytology 2,087.00 1,879.00 718.00 650.00

Industry Environment and Macroeconomics

23
Industry competitors : moderate
Threat of Bargaining Threat of Bargaining
new power of substitute: power of
entrants : buyers: suppliers:
strong
moderate moderate weak

Figure 5. Porter’s Five Forces Model

Rivalry among Existing Competitors: Moderate

Competition is considered moderate, because Perpetual Help Medical Center -

Binan has been in operation since? and has established itself in the area as the only

laboratory with Histopath section.

Threat of New Entrants: Moderate

Sta Rosa Hospital and Medical Center and Biñan Doctors Hospital is considered

threat in NSMDIH since Sta Rosa Hospital is just 4.2 km via Balibago road and Biñan

Doctors is 1.2 km only via National Highway from NSMDJH and on the opposite sides.

If they also plan to build up a histopath section, clientele will be diluted. And also

NSMDIH is sandwiched between the 2 other hospital (Sta Rosa Hospital and Medical

Center and Binan Doctors Hospital).

Bargaining Power of Buyers: Moderate

24
 Buyers are actually the doctors, patients and other facilities or small clinics

nearby which refer patients and histopath specimens for process to NSMDIH. Their

power rests on their capacity to look for another hospital where they can send their

specimen for Histopath with the same services. At present, the only laboratory that offers

Histopathology// is Perpetual Help Medical Center in Binan which is 2.1 km only away

from NSMDIH.

Threat of Substitutes: Strong

At present, only 1 hospital has a Histopath section which is 2.1 km away from

NSMDIH.

Bargaining Power of Suppliers: Weak

There is a good competition among suppliers and providers of laboratory

equipment, accessories and consumables. Suppliers may try different marketing packages

to entice customers which would be good for the hospital and gives them a good footing

on the bargaining of equipment prices and delivery lead time.

Marketing Objectives (Key Result Areas)

Sales

25
 The sales will come from the in-patients admitted by the specialists like Surgeons,

OB gynecologists, Pediatricians, Internist and OPD patients from other institution or

hospitals sending their specimen to NSMDIH for processing.

Our projected total sale per annum is Php 3.4 M with an average annual growth of

15%. No price increase considered.

26
Table 6. Projected Sales per year in 5 years.

27
Table 7. Number of specimens for histopath per year by doctors from the different
hospitals within the 10 km radius from New Sinai MDI Hospital

Surveyed 20 Doctors Samples/Year

Doctor 1 9
Doctor 2 8
Doctor 3 27
Doctor 4 43
Doctor 5 3
Doctor 6 60
Doctor 7 45
Doctor 8 23
Doctor 9 25
Doctor 10 12
Doctor 11 38
Doctor 12 52
Doctor 13 40
Doctor 14 32
Doctor 15 30
Doctor 16 20
Doctor 17 6
Doctor 18 7
Doctor 19 3
Doctor 20 2
485

Table 8. Projected Histopathology procedures per year in 5 years.

28
Table 9. Distribution of sales in Percentage.

Table 10. Projected Net Cash inflow.

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
Net Cash
755,092.66 1,501,424.56 1,870,487.91 2,292,166.58 2,772,456.87
Inflow

Profit

Profit will be an increase of 15% yearly.

Market Share

Maybe 15 % within the 11 km radius due to the presence of other competitor doing the

same procedure (Perpetual Help Med Center –Binan is 2.5 km away from NSMDIH) and

had established already a name in the healthcare industry.

Marketing Strategies

Positioning

The Histopath section of NSMDIH will be a referral hospital of choice of Medical

Doctors Especially Surgeons and OB- Gyne to bring their specimen for process in an

affordable and of quality service.

29
Product

NSMDIH Histopath section will offer the following products:

Processing of the following Tissue specimen:

1. Large tissue specimen

2. Medium tissue specimen
3. Small tissue specimen
4. Radical tissue specimen

Cytology

FNAB (Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy)

Price

Catégories : OPD In- patient

Tissue Specimen
- Small Php 950 Php 1050
- Medium 1100 1216
- Large 1650 1895

Radical 2250 2500

FNAB 650 720
Cytology 650 720

The present price of NSMDIH is much higher compared to perpetual Help Medical

Center-Biñan, since all specimen are sent out. To be competitive, NSMDIH has to lower

the price of its services to match that of Perpetual Help Medical Center- Biñan. The out-

patient price is computed 10% less of the in-patient price.

30
Place

The Histopath section will be placed adjacent to the existing clinical laboratory, it

is a 24 m² room.

Promotion

Below are the promotional mix that the hospital will employ for the Histopath section.

1. Social media

- NSMDIH will update its website on the improvement of its Laboratory

Department, the creation of Histopath section. This is to enable the Surgeons and Ob- Gyne

from the nearby hospital to send their specimen in NSMDIH.

2. Open house

- At the opening week of the new Histopath section, Medical Doctors, Consultants,

Government officials, President of different Homeowners from the nearby villages will be

invited.

3. Streamers

- These will be posted in front of the hospital to announce the newly operated

Histopath section.

4. Lunch/Dinner

- Potential Medical Consultants especially Surgeons, and OB- Gynecologists,

Internist, Patho;ogists of our hospital as well as from the different nearby hospitals will be

invited for a lunch out or dinner monthly.

5. Consultants will be given 3% incentives for every referrals

31
Table 11. Gantt Chart of the Histopathology Activities.

ACTIVITIES J F M A M J J A S O N D BUDGET
Brochure
Streamers ₱ 50,000
Social media
Open house
Lunch/Dinner ₱ 100,000
Rebates to MDs

32
 CHAPTER III
TECHNICAL STUDY

Objective of the Study

The study aims to assess the feasibility of setting up a histopath section in the

laboratory of New Sinai MDI Hospital. It intends to provide the unmet needs of the hospital

to process the specimen for histopath.

Infrastructure

There is existing room which at present is the office of the chief Medical

Technologist. This is a 24 sqm room. Minimal renovation is needed to convert it to a

Histopathology Section. Below is the proposed floor plan as recommended by the DOH.

Figure 6. Proposed floor plan of Histopathology section.

33
Equipment

Total Cost Php 5,483,420.00

Equipment Specifications

Equipment 1
“LEICA” RM2125 RTS - Manual Rotary Microtome
It has been designed for effortless manual sectioning via
counter-balanced , exceptionally smooth-running hand wheel.
The object head with 8◦ X/Y orientation is equipped with a
fast specimen clamp exchange system for improved
workflow.
Technical specifications:
- Section thickness selection : 0.5 to 60 µm
- Section thickness increments :
from 0-2 µm in 0.5-µm increments
from 2 to 10 µm in 1-µm increments
from 10 to 20 µm in 2-µm increments
from 20 to 60 µm in 5-µm increments
Vertical stroke length: 59 mm / 2.32inches
Total horizontal specimen travel range : 25 mm/0.98
inches
Specimen retraction : on /off
Trimming 10 µm and 50 µm
Equipment 2
“LEICA” HI1210 Digital Tissue Floatation Bath, 220-
240VAC/50-60Hz.
Rectangular water bath with jet black aluminum surface
ensuring high thermal conductivity and resistant plastic
coating.

Equipment 3
“LEICA” HI1210 Digital Tissue Floatation Bath, 220-
240VAC/50-60Hz.
Rectangular water bath with jet black aluminum surface
ensuring high thermal conductivity and resistant plastic
coating.

Equipment 4

34
Leica CM1860 - Cryostat for Clinical Applications
Freestanding cryostat with encapsulated, splash-proof
microtome.
Cryochamber temperature selection from 0◦C to 35◦C,
adjustable in 1K increments at ambient temperature of 20◦C .
It is easy to clean , with actively cooled specimen preparation
zone, with quick-freezing shelf for up to 8 specimens (
maximum temperature -42◦C).
2 Peltier element freezing stations( 17 K temperature
difference to the quick-freezing shelf when the chamber
temperature is -35◦C)
Cryochamber may be defrosted manually or via automatic hot-
gas defrosting once every 24 hrs. The cycle may be
programmed in 15- minute increments.

35
Other equipment and supplies (consumables) that are needed in Histopathology
procedure

1. Solutions
a. 10% Formalin
b. 95% ethyl alcohol
c. absolute alcohol
d. Paraffin wax
e. xylene
f. Chloroform
g. Hematoxylin stain
h. Acid alcohol
i. Ammonia water
j. Eosin stain
2. Slides
3. Microscope
4. Blades

36
 CHAPTER IV
MANAGEMENT STUDY

Form of Business Ownership and Rationale

At present the Clinical laboratory has its existing organizational structure, headed

by a Department head with 4 pathologists and 15 Medical technologists.

Organizational Structure of Clinical Laboratory

Figure 7. Manpower requirements of the Histopathology Section.

37
The histopath section will need the following manpower :

a. Medical Technologists (2)

Duties :

- will receive and check the request and specimen.

- suspend the specimen in adequate fixative agent

- perform gross examination of the surgical specimen, and body fluid for

cell block.

Refer to Appendix 8 Implemeting Guidelines 8.1

- Perform tissue processing: fixation,dehydration, clearing and infiltration.

- Perform embedding of the tissue and then trimming of the paraffin block

- sectioning using the micrtome then staining, mounting and labelling of the

specimen

b. Pathologists ( 5)

- examine and describe the specimen grossly, and then takes sections,

placing them in the cassettes

- interpretation of the processed specimen

38
 CHAPTER V
FINANCIAL STUDY

Total Project Cost

Table 12. Total Project Cost

A. Machine Php 5,483,420.00

B. Microscope 33,000.00
C. Space renovation ( cabinet, sink, 100,000.00
long table, paint)

D. Clinic equipment
Aircon (1 .5 HP) Php 19,000.00
Refrigerator 16,000.00
Computer 27,000.00

Printer 10,000.00
72,000.00
E. Furnitures and Fixtures
Table Php 8,000.00
Chair 10,000.00

18,000.00
Total Fixed Asset Php 5,706,920.00
F. Working Capital 279,739.25
Total Project Cost Php 5,986,659.25

Sources of financing

The total amount to be loan will be Php 6,000,000.00. 50% will be financed thru

bank loan payable in 5 years and another 50% from equity equivalent to Php 3,000,000.00.

39
40
Projected Cash Flows

Table 13. Projected Cash Flows.

41
Computation of Net Cash Inflow

Table 14. Net Cash Inflow.

42
Budgeting Techniques

Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC)

WACC is the rate that a company is expected to pay to all its security holders to finance

its assets.

WACC = ( weight of debt x cost of debt) + ( weight of equity x cost of equity )

= ( 7% x 50% ) + ( 6% x 50% )

= ( 0.07 x 0.5 )+ ( 0.06 x 0.5)

= 0.035 + 0.03

= 0.065 or 6.5 %

Net Present Value (NPV)

Year Net Cash Inflow Factor Present Value

1 755,092.66 0.939 709,032.01
2 1,501,424.56 0.882 1,324,256.46
3 1,870,487.87 0.828 1,548,763.96
4 2,292,166.58 0.777 1,781,013.43
5 2,772,457.18 0.730 2,023,893.74
Total present value 7,386,959.60
Less Total Project Cost 5,986,659.25
NPV 1,400,300.35

The Net Present Value is the difference between the present value of the future

Cash inflow from the investment and the amount of investment. Present value of the

expected cash flows is computed by discounting them at the required rate of return.
 Accept a project if its NPV is positive, reject it if its NPV is negative and stay

indifferent between accepting or rejecting if NPV is zero.

In the case of NSMDIH, the NPV is calculated as follows:

NPV= Present value cash inflow – Cost of investment

= 7,986,659.25 – 5986,659.25

NPV = Php 1,400,300.35

The calculated NPV at a WACC of 6.5% is Php 1,400,300.35 thus the project is

acceptable.

Internal Rate of Return (IRR)

Internal Rate of Return method also takes into account the time value of money.

It analyzes an investment project by comparing the IRR to the minimum required rate of

return of the company.

If the IRR promised by the investment project is greater than or equal to the

minimum required rate of return, the project is considered acceptable otherwise the project

is rejected.

44
 In the case of NSMDIH, IRR is calculated as follows:

IRR= rate of WACC where a (+) NPV is derived + (+) NPV x difference of the two rating

= 0.065 + 1,400,300 x (0.085)

(1,400,300.35+ 277,465.05)

= 0.065 + (0.834 x 0.085)

= 0.065 + 0.071
= 0.136 = 13.6%

IRR = 13.6%

Since the calculated IRR is 13.6 % which is higher than the WACC of 6.5%, the

project is acceptable.

Payback Period and Discounted Payback Period

Table 15. Payback Period and Discounted Payback Period

Year Net Cash Inflow Present Value Payback Period Discounted

Payback Period

0 5,986,659.25 5,986,659.25
1 755,092.66 709,032.01 5,231,617.19 5,277,627.24
2 1,501,424.56 1,324,256.46 3,730,192.63 3,728,863.28
3 1,870,487.87 1,548,763.96 1,859,704.76 1,947,849.85
4 2,292,166.58 1,781,013.43 166,836.42
5 2,772,457.18 2,023,893.74

Discounted Payback Period is 4 years. Payback Period is 3 years and 10 months.

45
Profitability Index (PI)

Profitability index is a financial tool which tells us whether an investment should

be accepted or rejected.

If PI is greater than 1, accept the investment. If PI is less than 1, reject the

investment and if PI is equal to 1 then indifferent (may accept or reject the decision).

PI = Total present value

Total cost of investment

PI = 7,386,959.60
5,986,659.25
PI = 1.23

The computed Profitability Index for this project is 1.23, which is greater than 1,

thus the project is acceptable.

Based on the calculations of the different capital requirements, the project is

financially acceptable.

Financial Assumptions

1. Assumed census of outpatient is 50% of the in-patients which will come from the

nearby hospitals and clinics while the in patients census was the same census with

that of the competitor.

2. Projected revenues will increase by 15% compounded yearly.

46
3. Salaries of the two Medical Technologist are estimated to increase by 3%

compounded yearly, while SSS and Philhealth contributions are computed at 4%

increase every 2 years.

4. There will be no major repairs and parts replacement in the first 5 years of the life

of the equipment. Only the semi-annual preventive maintenance to be conducted

by the supplier was estimated at 10% compounded yearly increase starting at year

2. Free repairs and maintenance for the first year under the warranty period.

5. Insurance is estimated to be 0.2% of the total amount insured.

6. Share in Administration is projected at 5% of total net revenues.

7. Taxes and Licenses is projected at 2% of total net revenues.

47
 CHAPTER VI
SOCIOECONOMIC

The creation of a histopath section in the medical laboratory of NSMDIH will cause

social impact on the following stakeholders:

1. The residents of the South:

a. A new histopath laboratory in the south whether be it by NSMDIH or by other

hospital will create a competition which does not exist at present. The sole hospital

providing histopath to the south dictates cost and pricing because there is no

competition and in any competition the public benefits from better prices and better

quality of services.

b. There is now better access to the services for residents closer to NSMDIH

c. Job opportunities is also increased, a new business will create new jobs for the

locals

2. The government

a. Increase revenue will mean increase taxes and revenue for the government which

will translates to better services from the government to the people or the

municipality

b. The increase of hospital providing histopath services in the south may also attracts

new players such as providers of consumables for histopath and services for

equipment

48
3. Other Medical Clinics/ Hospitals

a. With the rise of another Histopath service in the south, the hospitals will now have

better and faster access to the services not to include better prices. This should

encourage the hospitals to cater to medical services that would require histopath.

Medical Tourism was one of the project of the government to lure tourist to Philippines.

However due to lack of some critical and important medical services some areas cannot be

promoted to cater to this new market, the plan of NSMDIH will and may help.

49
 CHAPTER VII
CONTINGENCY PLAN

The following are assumptions made that shall require contingency plan because failure

of assumption could lead to failure of the project.

1. Positioning .The histopath section of NSMDIH will be a referral hospital of choice of

Surgeons and OB- Gyne to bring their specimen for process in an affordable and of

quality service.

2.Market share. Assumed at 50% within the 11 km radius due to the presence of other

competitor doing the same procedure (Perpetual Help Med Center-Binan is 2.5 km away

from NSMDIH) and has established already a name in the healthcare industry.

New Sinai should close a deal with neighboring hospitals not equipped for a histopath

that all histopath requirements will be sent to New Sinai. New Sinai can offer lower

charges or promotion in different form of packages that would be attractive to the

prospective clients in exchange for guaranteed market share.

New Sinai may also develop partnership with transportation companies in the area for the

cheaper transport cost of sample and in order to guarantee correct transportation procedure.

This contingency plan may also be an opportunity to extend services to areas farther than

11 km radius from the hospital.

50
 CHAPTER VIII
SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS, CONCLUSION

This paper features an analysis on the market area and subjects using demographics

and geography in the area of about 11 km radius from the location of New Sinai. It captured

data available in public documents to arrive at conclusions that would show whether

operating a histopath section is feasible as a section of the medical laboratory.

This study also intends to contribute to the body of knowledge on hospital

management, particularly in the operation of a histopath section catering to surgeons and

pathologists of Sta Rosa . It attempts to give hospital management an inferred decision to

put up a histopath section in their existing laboratory.

In summary, the feasibility study to improve the existing laboratory by establishing a

histopath section in New Sinai MDI Hospital shows positive result. It can actually gain

more profit if it can market more patients. This study therefore recommends the project to

be undertaken.

51
 APPENDIX

APPENDIX 1. Guidelines for charging Histopathology biopsy specimen

Guidelines for charging Histopathology biopsy specimen based on the specimen size and
per container.

a. Small biopsy – less than 3 cm ( less than 1 inch)

i.e gastric, skin punch, bone marrow, small mole, wart, fallopian tube,
curettings
b. Medium - 4 cn to 7 cm ( 2 inches – 3 inches )
i.e. appendix, gallbladder, thyroid , tonsil, fibroadenoma, breastmass
c. Large - 8 cm to 12 cm (4 inches – 5 inches)
i.e. placenta, uterus, myoma, sleeve gastrectomy
d. Radical - 13 cm above ( 6 inches above)
i.e. TAHBSO , intestine, amputated specimen, whole breast( per breast)

APPENDIX 2. Computation of Revenues

Specimen OPD Price Total In Price Total

Cases patient
Cases
Large 68 Php 1650 Php 112,200.00 136 Php1815 Php 246,840.00
Medium 384 1100 422,400.00 768 1216 933,888.00
Radical 40 2250 90,000.00 80 2500 200,000.00
Small 440 950 418,000.00 880 1050 924,000.00
Cytology 29 650 18,850.00 58 720 41,760.00
FNAB 43 650 27,950.00 86 720 61,920.00
Total 1004 Php 987,100.00 2008 Php2,408,408.00

Total Revenue = Php 3,395,508.00

Total Specimen = 3012 / 12 (months) / 26 (days )
= average of 9 procedures per day

52
APPENDIX 3. Computation of Yearly Depreciation Expense

The estimated economic life of the asset is 5 years, hence yearly depreciation
expense is Php 1,171,584.00

Depreciation expenses = Total fixed assets

5

= 5,706,920
5
= Php 1,141,38
APPENDIX 4. Computation of employee compensation

Computation of salaries ,13th month pay, vacation leave and employer’s SSS, Philhealth
and Pag-ibig Contributions.

Position Med Tech

No. of Staff 2

COMPENSATION (2) (Php)

Monthly sharing 30,000
SSS 2,270
Philhealth 375
Pag-ibig 200

Salaries are estimated to increase by 3% compounded yearly, while SSS, and Philhealth
contributions at 4% increase every 2 years.

Year Salary Vacation 13th month SSS Philhealth Pag ibig

Leave salary

1 360,000.00 - 30,000.00 27,240.00 4,500.00 2,400.00

2 370,800.00 5942.00 30,900.00 27,240.00 4,500.00 2,400.00
53
 3 381,924.00 6,121.00 31,827.00 28,330.00 4,680.00 2,400.00
4 393,382.00 6,304.00 32,782.00 28,330.00 4,680.00 2,400.00
5 405,184.00 6,493.00 33,765.00 29,463.00 4,867.00 2,400.00

APPENDIX 5. Computation of Interest Expenses

Computation of Interest Expenses for Php 3 million loan at 7% interest per year for 5 years
to pay.

Year 1 Php 3,000,000.00 x 7% = Php 210,000.00

2 2,400,000.00 x 7% = 168,000.00

3 1,800,000.00 x 7% = 126,000.00

4 1,200,000.00 x 7% = 84,000.00

5 600,000.00 x 7% = 42,000.00

APPENDIX 6. Computation of Electricity Expense

Computation of Electricity Expense:

Electricity expense is computed based on the following :

Use of the machines 3,000.00

Use of aircon, refrigerator, computer, printer, and lightings 2,000.00
Php 5,000/month

Electricity expense = Php 60,000.00 per year

54
APPENDIX 7. Computation of Advertising and Promotional Expense

Computation of Advertising and Promotional Expense:

1) Ribbon Cutting ( Opening)

Flowers ------------------------- Php 3,500.00
Food ------------------------------ 16,500.00
2) Flyers ---------------------------------- 10,000.00
3) Tarpaulin ( 10m x 1 m ) ------------- 20,000.00
_____________
Php 50,000.00

APPENDIX 8. Histopathology Quality Procedure as a requirement by the DOH

Histopathology Quality Procedure as a requirement by the DOH

8.1 Implementing Guidelines
8.1.1 Receiving request for Histopathologic Examination
8.1.2 When a request for histopathologic examination is desired, the specimen is
submitted together with the properly filled-out Surgical Pathology Request Form (FM-
OPR-003-11/0) to the laboratory
8.1.3 The following should be checked first before accepting any request and specimen
for Histopathologic examination.
8.1.4 The specimen submitted should be suspended in adequate fixative (10% neutral
buffered formalin at a 1:20 ratio).
8.1.5 The specimen should be properly labeled with the following:
a. Complete name
b. Age
c. Sex/Gender
d. Room number or Department
e. Kind of surgical specimen that was submitted
55
 8.1.6 Only when these entire requirements have been met should such request for
Histopathologic examination be accepted.
8.1.7 The Receptionist, upon examining both request and specimen and finding them
acceptable, should then enter the data in the log book and require the one who submitted
the specimen to sign the logbook indicating the date and time when the specimen was
received.
8.1.8 The Record of the Specimen (FM-OPR-003-10/0) and Surgical Pathology Request
Form (FM-OPR-003-11/0) together with the specimen is then forwarded into the
Histopathology section.
8.1.9 Upon receipt, the request is then entered in the logbook labeled
“HISTOPATHOLOGY LOGBOOK”. Again, all pertinent data are recorded. A surgical
number is assigned to the specimen which identifies the specimen throughout its
processing. The specimen bottle is marked with the surgical number as well as the request
form. These are then placed in gross area.
8.2 Gross Pathology
8.2.1 The Pathologist shall examine and describe the specimen grossly and then takes
sections, placing them in the cassettes. He/she may be assisted by the Histo Technologist
or by a Medical Technology staff on duty.
a. Surgical Specimen:
- Size
- Consistency
- Color
- Weight
- General Appearance
Shape
Relationship with adjacent tissue
Superficial and cut surface characteristics
Contents if cystic or hallow organ
b. Body Fluid for Cell Block:
- Color
- Volume
56
 - Appearance and note of coagulum
8.2.2 After the gross examination, the tissue cassettes are arranged inside the tissue
basket and loaded into the tissue processor for processing.
1. Avoid overcrowding of tissue sections inside the cassette. Perform fixation by
immersing tissue cassette in 10% Neutral Buffered Formalin awaiting for
actual tissue processing.
2. Tissue processing
2.1. The main concern of the Histotechnologist assigned in the Histopathology
section is to see that the tissues collected have been properly preserved and
adequately prepared and processed for microscopic studies, since any fault in
the processing and preparation may ultimately affect the proper evaluation and
assessment of the tissue in question. Tissue processing in our section involves
automated method. The automated methods carry out the first four steps in
tissue processing which are the also the most important and critical steps. The
first four steps in tissue processing are fixation, dehydration, clearing, and
infiltration.
2.2. The automated tissue processing using the Leica TP1020 – Type 3 will took
for 12 hours before the tissues are being process to the next steps in tissue
processing.
2.3. Fixation
2.3.1. After 24 hours of fixation, proceed to tissue processing which include
another two hours of fixation using the tissue processor.
2.3.2. The purpose of fixation is to preserve tissues permanently.
2.3.3. The foundation of all good histological preparations is adequate and
complete fixation.
2.3.4. This procedure is adopted to kill, harden and preserve materials for
microscopic studies. It is also the primary an major process whereby
tissues are preserved to prevent further autolysis. Agitation of specimen in
fixative will also enhance fixation. The most commonly used and the best
overall fixative for routine use is formaldehyde (formalin) but it is
recommended the used of 10% neutral buffered formalin because of the
57
 compatibility with special stains and immunohistochemistry. The
preferred fixation time is 24 hours although it depends mainly on the size
and thickness of the tissues. 95% Alcohol should be used as fixative for
body fluid and smears. For bony tissue specimens, decalcification must be
done.
2.3.5. Fixation is greatly affected by the size and thickness of the tissues, it is
retarded by the presence of mucus, fats, blood and cold temperature and is
enhanced by agitation and moderate heat (37°C to 56°C).
2.3.6. Prolonged fixation may bleach the tissue and may cause dispersal of fat
from the tissue.
2.3.7. Incomplete fixation may lead to improper and incomplete clearing and
impregnation producing soft and feather-like consistency in tissues which
may be hindrance to normal sectioning and staining of specimen. It may
also produce artifact pigments on tissue sections.
2.3.8. Over fixation on the other hand will cause tissue blocks to become brittle
and hard and may possibly cause shrinkage of tissues.
2.3.9. Large specimens such as TAHBSO, radical mastectomy and others must
be fixed overnight and as much as possible, dissected for penetration of
fixative inside the tissue specimen.
2.4. Dehydration
2.4.1. Perform dehydration by using tissue processor for two hours.
2.4.2. The removal of all extractable water in the tissue by a dehydrating agent
diffusing through the tissue. This is achieved by placing the tissues in
ascending grades of alcohol (ethanol) from 70% to 100% absolute alcohol
and to ensure even and complete removal of water from tissues.
2.5. Clearing
2.5.1. Perform cleansing by using tissue processor for two hours.
2.5.2. It is the removal of dehydrating agent in preparation for
infiltration/impregnation. It must be miscible with dehydrant and with the
paraffin. Alcohol does not mix with paraffin, so a solution that is miscible
with both alcohol and paraffin needs to be used.
58
 2.5.3. Precautionary measurements when using Xylene and Chloroform
2.5.3.1. Xylene is very inflammable.
2.5.3.2. Chloroform is toxic and may cause liver damage after
prolonged inhalation therefore fume hood and
adequate room ventilation is necessary when handling
this chemical.
2.5.3.3. Chloroform evaporates quickly therefore should be
covered during processing.
2.6. Infiltration/Impregnation
2.6.1. Perform infiltration/impregnation by using tissue processor for two hours.
2.6.2. During this process the clearing is completely removed and the paraffin
wax penetrates the tissue cavities. Paraffin waxes with melting point
between 54°C - 58°C are used. The paraffin baths must have a temperature
of 2°C - 3°C above the melting point of paraffin used.
2.6.3. Prolonged infiltration will cause shrinkage and hardening of tissues thus
making sectioning difficult. If this happened, tissue may be softened by
soaking a small dish or bowl containing water with detergent.
2.6.4. Inadequate infiltration will promote retention of clearing agent making
tissues become soft and shrunken and tissue blocks crumble when
sectioned and break up when floated out in water. If this happened, repeat
infiltration.
3. Embedding
3.1. Procedure
3.1.1. Open cassette to view tissue sample and choose a mold that best
corresponds to the size of the tissue. A margin of at least 2 mm of paraffin
surrounding all sides of the tissue gives best cutting support. Discard
cassette lid.
3.1.2. Put small amount of molten paraffin in mold, dispensing from paraffin
reservoir.
3.1.3. Using warm forceps, transfer tissue into mold, placing cut side down, as it
was placed in the cassette.
59
 3.1.4. Transfer mold to ice block, and gently press tissue flat. Paraffin will
solidify in a thin layer which holds the tissue in position.
3.1.5. When the tissue is in the desired orientation add the labeled tissue cassette
on top of the mold as a backing. Press firmly and hot paraffin is added to
the mold.
3.1.6. Paraffin should solidify in 30 minutes.
3.2. Embedding (casting or blocking) is the orientation of tissue in melted paraffin,
which when solidified, provides a firm medium for keeping all parts of the
tissue intact when sections are cut. The tissue is oriented on the mold: a
cassette is attached; producing a flat block face with parallel side. The mold is
placed in a small cooling area to allow the paraffin to solidify. The quick
cooling of the wax ensures a small crystalline structure, producing fewer
artifacts when sectioning the tissue. We are using plastic embedding cassette
with the aid of a metal base mold of different sizes.
3.3. Embed firm/hard tissues (ex. uterus) in a triangular manner, such that the
pointed corner faces the knife during cutting.
3.4. Make sure the cystic tissues or one with holes be filled with paraffin before
final orientation.
3.5. Tissues requiring special orientation include:
3.5.1. Tubular structures like arteries, veins, fallopian tubes, and vas deferens –
cut in cross-section of the lumen.
3.5.2. Skin, intestine, gall bladder, and other epithelial biopsies – cut in a plane
at right angles to the surface and oriented so that the epithelial surface is
cut last minimizing compression and distortion of the epithelial layer.
3.5.3. Muscle biopsies – sections containing both transverse and longitudinal
planes.
3.5.4. Multiple pieces of tissues – oriented side by side with the epithelial
surface facing in the same direction.
3.6. Tissues that have had margins identified with India ink or dye should be placed
so that the ink will be visible on the cut section.
3.7. Do not overcrowd tissue specimen in one block.
60
3.8. In order to achieve a flat surface for cutting, press specimen down gently with
forceps, making sure that parts of the tissue is flat.
3.9. Never allow paraffin in tissues to dry out before embedding, for it may cause a
hairline separation between the tissue and the embedding medium.
4. Trimming
4.1. When the wax is completely cooled and hardened, the paraffin block is then
pop out of the mold and trim off the excess paraffin.
4.2. The removal of excess paraffin to facilitate attachment of tissue block on the
microtome’s block holder, and also exposure of tissue, which permits good
cooling off paraffin block for easy sectioning.
4.3. Easy sectioning
4.4. Less time for trimming to get the most representation of tissue section
4.5. Saves the sharpness of blade as well as the Histotechnologist to cut single
block.
4.6. After all blocks have been trimmed off, is then arranged accordingly.
5. Section cutting (Sectioning)
5.1. Procedure
5.1.1. Turn on the water bath and check that the temp is 45-50°C.
5.1.2. Blocks to be sectioned are placed face down on an ice block for 10
minutes
5.1.3. Place a fresh blade on the microtome
5.1.4. Insert the block into the microtome chuck so the wax block faces the blade
and is aligned in the vertical plane.
5.1.5. Face the block by cutting it down to the desired tissue plane and discard
the paraffin ribbon.
5.1.6. If the block is ribboning well then cut another four sections and pick them
up with forceps or a fine paint brush and float them on the surface of the
45°C water bath.
5.1.7. Float the sections onto the surface of clean glass slides.

61
5.2. Place the slides with paraffin sections on the warming block in a 65°C oven for
20-30 minutes. Once tissues are embedded, they are cut into sections that can
be placed on a slide, this is done using a microtome.
5.3. A good section should ribbon off the block in a flat, unwrinkled fashion, such
as paper comes off a printing press. Microscopically, the section must show no
venetian blind, tears and thick and thin areas.
5.4. Adequately processed and embedded blocks.
5.5. Microtome in good condition
5.6. A very sharp knife or blade
5.7. Skill of the histotechnologist
5.8. Microtomy
5.8.1. The rotary microtome is the most commonly used in histopathology since
it is good for cutting semi-thin sections and for cutting serial ribbons of
sections. Microtome knives are either of standard thick metal variety or
thin disposable knife.
5.8.2. Refined, high quality stainless steel razor blade
5.8.3. Consistently produce sections that are virtually free of compression
5.8.4. Less costly: a dull or damage cutting edge can be easily replaced with new
one
5.8.5. Sections are picked off the knife edge and gently floated onto a water bath.
5.8.6. Give the ribbon a slight pull using the scalpel to remove folds until all
sections have been immersed on the water.
5.8.7. Set the water bath at approximately 10°C below the melting point of the
wax (40°C - 44°C), allowing the sections to flatten out.
5.8.8. The water bath must be kept scrupulously clean at all times so that no
“floaters” get on the slide (floaters are dangerous)
5.9. Safety Points
5.9.1. Always lock the microtome handle-wheel when not actually trimming or
cutting.
5.9.2. Make sure you wipe away from the edge of the blade to avoid cutting
yourself.
62
 5.9.3. If using a disposable blade loosen screws and use the blade dispenser to
remove the used blade.
5.9.4. Remove the microtome blade or knife handle when finished cutting.
5.9.5. Never carry microtome knives without a protective box. They are
extremely sharp so always handle them with care.
5.10. Hints on sectioning
5.10.1. Thoroughly clean the knife holder by removing the accumulated paraffin
with a piece of gauze.
5.10.2. Make sure all screws are properly tightened.
5.10.3. Study each blocks to determine placement in the microtome to obtain the
most representation of sections of the tissues submitted.
5.10.4. Check the resultant sections to be sure that the best possible sections have
been obtained.
5.10.5. Determine necessary steps or modification to achieve good section when
dissatisfied.
5.10.6. Good sections are result of a slow even turn of the wheel, whereas uneven
(thick and thin) sections can be the result of a fast jerky movement of the
microtome wheel.
5.10.7. Dense capsule or tough surfaces of tissue should be at the top and bottom
to allow easy separation of section.
5.10.8. For circular pieces of tissue, equal margins of paraffin should have left on
all four sides of the tissue block.
5.11. Important points in fishing out ribbon
5.11.1. Hold one end of the ribbon either with your fingers or used applicator
sticks with pointed end.
5.11.2. Gradually lower the ribbon on the water bath with a slight pull using the
pointed of the applicator stick or scalpel to remove the folding until all
sections have been immersed on the water.
5.11.3. Choose the best sections with the aid of an applicator stick gently separate
it from the rest of the ribbon.

63
 5.11.4. Insert slide with corresponding label into the floatation bath
perpendicularly.
5.11.5. Orient sections so that it is centrally placed allowing free margins for
subsequent cover slipping and labelling.
5.11.6. Finally, gently immerse the slide again and perpendicularly to the hot
water bath with a slight pull of the section with the scalpel to stretch out
tissue and remove microscopic folding.
5.11.7. Remove slide gently in the same manner as it is being immersed with
proper orientation of the tissue on the slide.
5.11.8. The mounted sections are then placed in the paraffin oven set at 60°C.
Paraffin is allowed to melt at this temperature for 20 minutes; sections are
then immediately transferred to two changes of xylene (clearing) at 5
minutes each. The mounted sections are then ready for staining.
6. Staining
6.1. Tissue sections on slides are then transparent and must be rendered visible by
differential dyes to make microscopic evaluation possible. The principle of
staining is simple ionic interactions of either (+) charge d basic dyes (B+) or
negatively (-) charged acid dyes (A-) with groups of opposite charge in tissue
macromolecules.
6.2. Our laboratory uses the regressive staining method of Hematoxylin-Eosin
staining method for staining of routine histological sections. Regressive
staining method, sections are overstrained in a relatively natural solution and
the excess stain is removed with decolorizer, then the sections are neutralized
with an alkaline solution such as weak ammonia water.
6.3. Currently, we are using Harris Hematoxylin as primary stain, it is a primary
stain and Eosin as counter stain which stains the cytoplasm and extracellular
material.
6.4. Pointers on staining
6.4.1. Before any staining of sections can be done, paraffin must be removed
from the tissue to allow water soluble dyes to penetrate the sections.

64
 6.4.2. Always filter staining reagents before performing the procedure.
Impurities found in the H and E staining solutions will affect not only the
solubility of the dye but even the intensity of the staining reaction.
6.4.3. Always checked the volume of reagents for the complete immersion of the
slides.
6.4.4. Be sure that paraffin wax is totally melted and immediately transferred to
Xylene bath, do not allow paraffin to dry up since paraffin wax is poorly
permeable to staining solutions.
6.4.5. For even staining results, dip slides several times before allowing them to
set in the stains for desired time.
6.4.6. Do not allow prolonged application of 0.5% HCI to avoid
overdecolorization.
6.4.7. Failure of sections to remain on the slide during staining may be due to a
dirty or oily slide
6.4.8. If after staining section do not appear clear under the microscope, xylene
should be replenished. There may be water in the absolute alcohol,
moisture in the cover slip, or too much egg albumin, acid alcohol
decolorizer may not have been completely removed.
6.4.9. To remedy the above problem, the section is place in coplin jar containing
xylene to dissolve the adhesive. The slide is run back through the various
processes up to the point where the fault was.
6.5. Staining procedures
6.5.1. Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining Procedure
6.5.1.1. Deparaffinize sections/slides in oven for 20 minutes
6.5.1.2. Xylene – 2 changes, 5 minutes each
6.5.1.3. 95% Ethanol/Alcohol – 2 changes, 2 minutes each
6.5.1.4. 80% Ethanol/Alcohol – 2 minutes
6.5.1.5. Harris Hematoxylin – 15 minutes
6.5.1.6. Wash with tap water – until sections on slide are
visible
6.5.1.7. Acid Alcohol – 1 quick dip
65
 6.5.1.8. Wash with tap water – 5 dips
6.5.1.9. Neutralize with ammonia water - 10 to 15 dips or
until dark blue color develops
6.5.1.10. Wash in tap water
6.5.1.11. 80% Ethanol – 2 minutes
6.5.1.12. Eosin – 3 to 5 minutes
6.5.1.13. 95% Ethanol/Alcohol – 2 changes, 5 minutes each
6.5.1.14. Xylene – 2 changes, 5 minutes each
6.6. Expected Results:
6.6.1. Nuclei stain blue / purple / black
6.6.2. Cytoplasm, connective tissue fibers, muscle fibers, and fibrin will stain
varying shades of pinks
6.7. Restaining of sections
6.7.1. Occasionally it is necessary to restrain sections because they have faded or
due to unsatisfactory staining. The following steps are recommended for
restaining sections.
6.7.1.1. Remove the cover slip by soaking in xylene.
6.7.1.2. Place in 80% ethanol/alcohol, 10 dips.
6.7.1.3. Place in 1% acid alcohol until all color has been
removed.
6.7.1.4. Wash thoroughly with running tap water.
6.7.1.5. Rinse in distilled water then restain as desired.
6.7.1.6. If unsatisfactory staining is due to incomplete removal
of paraffin, place in two changes of xylene at 15
minutes each before placing in 80% ethanol/alcohol.
7. Mounting (Cover slipping)
7.1. Mounting or cover slipping is done to protect the tissue from being scratched
and from deterioration from oxidation and to preserve tissue section. It also
provides better optical quality for viewing under the microscope. The
refractive index of the mounting medium should be close to the average

66
 refractive index of the tissues (1.530 – 1.540). Entalan or Eukitt may be used
as mounting medium.
7.2. Method of cover slipping
7.2.1. Drain excess Xylene
7.2.2. Place 2 – 3 drops of mounting medium on slide
7.2.3. Gently lower cover slip onto slide
7.2.4. Tease air bubbles from slide
7.2.5. Dry on flat surface
7.2.6. Do not attempt to forcefully press down the slides on the cover slip just to
spread the mounting media, for it may cause bubbles.
8. Labelling
8.1. Slides are then labeled with gum label with the proper identification of the
slides and the date.
8.2. Quality control
8.2.1. Remove excess mounting medium
8.2.2. Check for any bubbles
8.2.3. Remove any paraffin wax on the slides
8.2.4. Double check labelling
8.2.5. Check the staining
9. Interpretation
9.1. Prepared specimen shall then be interpreted by the Pathologist
10. Releasing of results
10.1. Results shall be available within 3-5 days. Results shall be encoded in
Laboratory and Pathology Services Result Form (FM-LAB-001-3/0)
10.2. All reports for In-Patient will be put in the respective area in the Officer in
Charge of the day desk for proper endorsement in the nurse station.
10.3. All reports for Out-Patient and Walk-In Patient will be released to the
respective boxes at the main reception area of Clinical Laboratory.

67
68
FLOWCHART DETAILS RESPONSIBLE INTERFACE
Receive and check the Laboratory Surgical Pathology
request and specimen. Receptionist/ Medical Request Form
Check the necessary Technologist (FM-OPR-003-10/0)
details the quality of Record of Specimen
the specimen. (FM-OPR-003-10/0)
Specimen shall be
suspended in
adequate fixative
agent. Refer to
implementing
guidelines 1.1
Perform gross Medical Technologist/
examination of the Histopath Technician
surgical specimen,
and body fluid for cell
block. Refer to
Implementing
guidelines 1.2
Perform tissue Medical Technologist/
processing: fixation, Histopath Technician
dehydration, clearing
and infiltration. Refer
to Implementing
guidelines 1.3
The tissue is oriented Medical Technologist/
on the mold: a Histopath Technician
cassette is attached;
producing a flat block
face with parallel
side. The mold is
placed in a small
cooling area to allow
the paraffin to
solidify. The quick
cooling of the wax to
ensure a small
crystalline structure,
producing fewer
artifacts when
sectioning the tissue.
When the wax is Medical Technologist/
completely cooled Histopath Technician
and hardened, the
paraffin block is then
pop out of the mold
and trim off the
excess paraffin. Refer
to Implementing
guidelines 1.5.
FLOWCHART DETAILS RESPONSIBLE INTERFACE
Sectioning is then Medical
performed using Technologist/
the microtome. Histopath Technician
Refer to
Implementing
Guidelines 4.5
Using Medical
Hematoxylin- Technologist/
Eosin staining Histopath Technician
method for
staining of routine
histological
sections
Mount the slides Medical
with the before Technologist/
reading by the Histopath Technician
Anatomic
Pathologist

Slides are then Medical

labeled with gum Technologist/
label with the Histopath Technician
proper
identification of
the slides and the
date
Examine the Medical
prepared slide for Technologist/
interpretation and Histopath Technician
final results

70
 APPENDIX 9: Bill of Quantities
Bill of Quantities
Item # Description QTY Unit Unit Cost Total Cost

Painting
1 Flat Latex 2 tin 2,200.00 4,400.00
2 Semi Gloss Latex 2 tin 2,700.00 5,400.00
3 Boral 2 bag 730.00 1,460.00
4 Sanding Paper #100 15 pieces 20.00 300.00
5 Sanding Paper #120 15 pieces 20.00 300.00
6 Paint Roller # 6 and tray 9 pieces 30.00 270.00
7 Paint Brush # 2 5 pieces 30.00 150.00

Carpentry
8 Marine Plywood 3/4 " 4 pieces 1,200.00 4,800.00
9 Good Lumber 2X2X10 S X S 8 pieces 250.00 2,000.00
10 Finishing Nail 2 kg 100.00 200.00
11 Expansion Bolts 24 pieces 30.00 720.00

Plumbing and Fixture

12 Stainless Sink 1 unit 50,000.00 50,000.00
13 Bottle P trap 1 piece 200.00 200.00
14 Angle Valve 1 piece 500.00 500.00
15 Flexible hose 2 piece 150.00 300.00
16 Pipes and fittings 1 lot 1,000.00 1,000.00
Total Cost Materials 72,000.00

Labor
17 Painter 6 man-days 1,000.00 6,000.00
18 Carpenter 2 man-days 1,000.00 2,000.00
19 Plumber 2 man-days 1,000.00 2,000.00
20 Supervision 4 man-days 2,000.00 8,000.00
Total Cost Labor 18,000.00

21 Mobilization and demobilization 1 Lot 6,000.00 6,000.00

22 Hauling and disposal of Debris 1 Lot 4,000.00 4,000.00
Total Project Cost 100,000.00

71
Appendix 10. Letter of Proposal from the Supplier

Ref. No.: MCGA 01-05-20178

05 January 2017

NEW SINAI MDI HOSPITAL

Sta. Rosa, Laguna

Attention : ELSA SINGH, M.D.

President

Thru : ANTONIO LOPEZ, M.D.

Department Head

In compliance with your request, we are pleased to quote on the following:

HISTOPATH SET UP
One (1) Unit “LEICA” RM2125 RTS - Manual Rotary Microtome

Basic instrument with X/Y specimen orientation and fast exchange

system for specimen clamps, user selectable coarse feed wheel turn
direction, retraction on/off function and two mechanical trim steps.
The Leica RM2125 RTS rotary microtome has been designed for
effortless manual sectioning via a counter-balanced, exceptionally
smooth-running hand wheel. The object head with 8° X/Y
orientation is equipped with a fast specimen clamp exchange
system for improved workflow. Storage space on top of the
instrument housing provides room for sectioning tools and
accessories.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS:

 Section thickness selection: 0.5 to 60 µm

 Section thickness increments:
 from 0 to 2 µm in 0.5-µm increments
 from 2 to 10 µm in 1-µm increments
 from 10 to 20 µm in 2-µm increments
72
  from 20 to 60 µm in 5-µm increments
 Vertical stroke length: 59 mm / 2.32 inches
 Total horizontal specimen travel range: 25 mm / 0.98 inches
 Specimen retraction: on/off
 Trimming: 10 µm and 50 µm

One (1) Unit “LEICA” TP1020 Tissue Processor with Fume Control

Benchtop unit movable rollers. Carousel-type construction with 12

processing stations : 10 reagent stations, 2 wax baths. Two plexiglass
fume containment shields, surrounding the reagent container platform,
repositionable at 360 degrees. Fume extraction fan. Activated carbon
filters. Glass reagent containers, with minimum/maximum filling marks.
Stainless steel tissue basket. Membrane keyboard and LCD screen,
locking key to prevent inadvertent changing of programmed
parameters. Indication of station and program parameters such as
number of tissue baskets, remaining infiltration time, real time, start
time (delayed start time), overall run time and end of run time. Audible
alarms. Error messages and warning codes for paraffin solid state.
Manual and automatic mode of operation. 9-freely selectable programs.
Infiltration time of up to 99 to 59 min., individually programmable for
each station. Immediate start and delay start up to 9 days. Permanent
tissue basket movement (can be switched ON/OFF) at 3-second
intervals in both manual and automatic operation. 1 minute drain time
between stations for reduced carry-over. Advanced safety concept.
Automatic immersion of tissue basket in a station in case of mains power
failure. Power failure indication including station number and time in
excess of programmed infiltration time. Automatic reheating of wax
before basket transfer to a wax bath. Crank for manual raising and
rotation of carousel- for immediate tissue basket removal or transfer to
the next station.

Technical Data:

 Admissions: CE, VDE, UL, c-UL

 Mains voltage: 100-240 V/50-60 Hz
 Relative air humidity: max. 80 %,non-condensing
 Cassette capacity: max. 100 cassettes
Dimensions:

Carousel lid diameter: 820 mm / 32.28 inches

 Height: 595 - 780 mm / 23.43 - 30.71 inches
 Circle diameter discribed by the rollers: 610 mm / 24.02 inches
 Weight (including accessories): 60 kg / 132.16 lbs

73
 Standard delivery includes:

1 Basic instrument
10 Beaker carriers (14 0422 30671)
2 Wax baths, 1.8 liters (14 0422 30665)
1 Standard tissue baskets (14 0422 30585)
1 Set of replacement fuses 2 x T 10.0 A
1 Set of power cords:
1 Power cord "D" (14 0411 13558)
1 Power cord "USA-C-J" (14 0411 13559)
1 Power cord "UK" ST/BU F-5A (14 0411 27822)1 Screwdriver 5,5
x 150 mm (14 0170 10702) 1 Crank handle size 4 (14 0222
30663) 1 Instruction manual Leica TP1020
 G/E/F/S (14 0422 80001)

One (1) Unit “LEICA” HI1210 Digital Tissue Floatation Bath,

220-240VAC/50-60Hz.

- Rectangular water bath with jet black aluminum surface

ensuring high thermal conductivity and resistant plastic coating.
- Broad rim to store microscope slides.
- Easy-to-clean rounded edges.
- Slightly inclined control panel, easy to operate, with
ergonomically positioned controls and LED display.
- Overheat protection
- Temperature set values memorized by battery backup. Set
temperature memory from ambient to 70 deg. C. Modern
appealing design.

Overall dimensions : 300x330x85mm

Inner dimensions : 230x180x55mm
Weight : 3.7 kg.

Standard delivery includes :

- 1 instruction manual
- 1 dust cover
- 1 set of replacement fuses
- 1 mains cable “D”

One (1) unit Leica CM1860 - Cryostat for Clinical Applications

Leica CM1860 Basic Instrument - 230 V/60 Hzwith Peltier cooling

system,and specimen retraction that can be deactivated.
74
AgProtectTM nanosilver coating,

Instrument features:
Freestanding cryostat with encapsulated,splash-proof microtome.
Spacious, stainless-steel cryochamber withantiglare illumination.
Easy-to-clean and disinfect.
Heated, removable sliding window.
Stable, self-contained cryocabinet on casters.
Collection container for condensing water at front of instrument.
Outer surfaces and controls of instrument coated with AgProtectTM
nanosilver coating to reduce risk of infection.
Handwheel may be locked in two positions.
Easy-to-handle and stable clamping system for clamping the specimen
discs.
8° XYZ specimen orientation with zero point reference.
Specimen retraction, (20 µm), can be switched off.

Cryochamber temperature selection from

0 °C to -35 °C, adjustable in 1K increments at ambient temperature of
20 °C.
Easy-to-clean, actively cooled specimen preparation zone with quick-
freezing shelf for up to 8 specimens (maximum temperature -42 °C).

2 Peltier element freezing stations (17 K temperature difference to the

quick-freezing shelf when the chamber temperature is -35 °C ).
Cryochamber may be defrosted manually or via automatic hot-gas
defrosting once every 24 hours.
The cycle may be programmed in 15-minute increments.
Defrost cycle: 12 minutes.
Cryochamber and quick-freezing shelf with integrated
Peltier elements can be defrosted manually and are equipped with an
acoustic warning signal to prevent unintentional defrosting.
Manual defrost cycle for chamber and quick-freezing shelf: 12
minutes.

Low-maintenance microtome with cross roller guides.

Reproducible, high-quality thin sections via stepper motor specimen
feed. Section thickness selection from outside the cryochamber.

Sectioning thickness range: 1-100 µm,

selectable in 0.5 µm increments from 1-5 µm;
selectable in 1 µm increments from 5-20 µm;
selectable in 5 µm increments from 20-60 µm;

75
selectable in 10 µm increments from 60-100 µm.

Total vertical specimen stroke: 59 mm

Total horizontal specimen feed: 25 mm
Motorized coarse feed in 2 speeds: slow is max.
600 µm/s and fast is min. 900 µm/s.
Step function: 20 µm each time the key is pressed at slow coarse feed
speed.
Control panel with membrane-protected buttons
and locking function.
Self-explanatory symbols for all essential functions and displays.
LED display for cryochamber temperature, actual time, defrost time,
and section thickness selection.
Visual indication of specimen stop positions
(Front/Home).

Technical Data:
Mains power supply: 230 V/60 Hz
Admissions: CE
Dimensions and weight:
Dimensions (W x D x H): 730 x 730 x 1140 mm
Dimensions (W x D x H): 28.74 x 28.74 x 44.88 inches
Weight: 135 kg - 297.36 lbs
All specifications related to temperature are valid for a room
temperature of up to 22 °C and a relative air humidity of 60 %.

Standard delivery includes:

1 Basic instrument (14049146892)
1 Handwheel with marking, antibacterial (14 0477 41346)
1 Set of specimen discs (14 0470 43550):
4 Specimen discs, 25 mm (14 0416 19275)
4 Specimen discs, 30 mm (14 0370 08587) 1 Section waste tray (14
0471 30787) 1 Storage shelf, right (14 0491 46599) 1 Storage shelf, left
(14 0491 46598) 1 Brush shelf (14 0491 46984) 1 Cover for freeze shelf
(14 0491 46873) 1 Tool set (14 0436 43463):
1 Brush, fine (14 0183 28642)
1 Leica brush with magnet (14 0183 40426)
1 Allen key, size 1.5 (14 0222 10050)
1 Allen key, size 2.5 (14 0222 04137)
1 Allen key, size 3.0 (14 0222 04138)
1 Allen key, size 4.0 (14 0222 04139)
1 Allen key with spherical head, size 4.0 (14 0222 32131)
1 Allen key, size 5.0 (14 0222 04140)

76
 1 Allen key with handle, size 5.0 (14 0194 04760)
1 Allen key, size 6.0 (14 0222 04141)
1 Single-head wrench, size 13 (14 0330 33149)
1 Single-head wrench, size 16 (14 0330 18595) 1 Bottle of cryostat oil,
type 407, 50ml (14 0336 06098) 1 Tissue freezing medium for
cryosectioning, 125 ml (14 0201 08926) 1 Pair of cut-resistant safety
gloves, size M (14 0340 29011) 1 Instructions for use Leica CM1860/
Leica CM1860 UV (14 0491 80001)

Onsite Histopath training:

1. Cutting Tissue
2. Techniques in embedding
3. Histopath process flow

PRICE …………… PHP 5,483,420.00

TERMS : 30% Down payment, Balance payable in 12 months
with PDC

DELIVERY : 30-60 Days

WARRANTY : One (1) year on parts and service

INSTALLATION &
OPERATORS TRAINING : On Site, Free-of-Charge

VALIDITY : 90 Days

MRL CYBERTEC CORP.

MA.GIGI S. VESLIŇO
National Sales Manager
77
78
 REFERENCES

1. New Sinai MDI Hospital. Google map. Retrieved from

https://www.google.com.ph/maps/place/New+Sinai+MDI+Hospital
2. Economic profile. Commerce and Industry. City of Santa Rosa , Laguna. Retrieved
from https://www.santarosacity.gov.ph
3. Demography. Social Composition and Characteristics. City of Santa Rosa,
Laguna.Retrieved from https://www.santarosacity.gov.ph
4. Demography.Projected Population. City of Santa Rosa, Laguna. Retrieved from
http://santarosacity.gov.ph
5. Physical Profile. Geography. City of Sta.Rosa, Laguna.Retrieved from http: //
www.santarosacity.gov.ph
6. Psychographics. Economic Profile.Commerce and Industry. City of Santa Rosa Laguna.
Retrieved from http://www.santarosacity.gov.ph

7. Hospitals in San Pedro, Biñan, Sta Rosa, Cabuyao, Laguna Philippines. Google map.
Retrieved from
https://www.google.com.ph/maps/search/hospitals+in+santa+rosa,+cabuyao,+san+pedro,
+binan+laguna

8. Top 10 Common Cancers in the Philippines. Retrieved from

http://www.philstar.com/cebu-lifestyle/2015/05/04

79