Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Introduction
Depression is one of the most widespread diseases across the world and a major
factor in problems of mental health (Sarokhani et al., 2013). The issue of students’
mental health is a global problem that covers all developed and non-developed
societies, both modern and traditional (Bayram & Bilgel, 2008). During their
academic life young people face many contradictions and obligations to succeed,
university students should make the efforts to embrace new experiences and
students are widely studied at different educational levels, such as college and
university (Bayram & Bilgel, 2008). A number of studies have indicated a high
compared to the rest of the population (Yusoff et al., 2013). More importantly,
recent studies in this area indicate that the psychological and mental problems of
students continue to increase (Field, Diego, Pelaez, Deeds & Delgado, 2012). For
example, in the United States a national survey in 2005 mentioned that 86% of
Tylor, 2008). One of the most prevalent problems of mental health is depression,
which is a serious health problem among the student population (Ibrahim, Kelly,
Adams & Glazebrook, 2013). Moreover, depression has a significant impact on
et al., 2009). A study by Wechsler, Lee, Kuo and Lee (2000) reported that
students with symptoms of depression achieve lower grades and are less active in
the classroom relative to students who do not have these symptoms. The findings
show that depression is a serious problem that requires psychological support for
the.
Depression is one of the most prevalent problems in the mental health of students
at different educational levels, such as high school, college and university (Arslan
Olutayo, Mapayi & Oginni, 2006; Dahlin et al., 2005). Studies of psychological
the five most common problems among college students. They highlighted that
depression accounted for 39% of problems, a higher rate than anxiety, problems
settings (Erdur-Baker, Aberson, Borrow & Draper, 2006; Green, Lowry & Kopta,
2003). Recently, many studies have been carried out on the rate of depression
among students (Chen et al., 2013). They report that depression is a widespread
to 40% among university students in Turkey (Ustun & Kessler, 2002). In addition,
Green, Lowry and Kopta (2003) indicated that adult studentsreported higher
Other studies in this area have also found that the symptoms of depression range
from 27% and over, among students and these symptoms represent the most
general population has not been well researched. A number of studies have looked
of published studies, from January 1980 to May 2005 about the rate of depression
Shanafelt, 2009). However, based on this study we cannot conclude that the
because the study used only Canadian and US medical students, and the sample of
this systematic review only included 40 studies during the period January 1980 to
al., 2013). Similarly, according to this study, it cannot be concluded that the
prevalence of depression is higher than the general population because this study
(2005) found that the rates of depression in the general population were lower
relative to that of medical students at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden.
Likewise, a more recent study by Haldorsen, Bak, Dissing and Petersson (2014)
found that the prevalence of depression among Danish medical students was
The overall research problem addressed in this study is that despite many
multidisciplinary team such as the special student of SHS Department, little has
been done to analyze and reduce the effects of depression among senior high
among the mentally challenged and therefore an urgent need for effective
performance have hardly been analyzed. If the issue of depression among senior
high school student is not faced with seriousness it deserves and its increase raises
more, opportunities that would have otherwise been available for them to advance
academically will become a shattered dream. This in the long run will make it
difficult for the mentally retarded to cope in almost all aspects of life. Therefore,
the effects of depression that are faced by students ought to besought as well as
suggesting to the relevant school management system to try and reduce some of
these effects.
higher than that of males in the general population (Piccinell & Wilkinson, 2000).
differences of depression, reported that the reasons for these differences remain
in many studies. More specifically, a twin study in this area has shown that there
that factors are more likely to relate to environmental aspects, namely family
history, social support, economic situation and life events (Tenant, 2002). In
students, the empirical studies have reported different results. The majority of
these studies have found that gender is a major factor with regard to depression
among students. Several recent studies about have shown that there was no
difference in the rates of depression in male and female students. That means that
gender does not play a role in the rate of depression. For example, a recent study
(Byaram & Bilgel, 2008) on the prevalence of depression in Turkey has shown
that there was no difference in the score rate with regard to depression in male
and female university students. Other recent studies by Arslan et al. (2009) and
university students, have found that there was no significant difference between
the sexes. Additionally, a more recent study (Yusoff et al., 2013), on the
The purpose of the study is to identify the effects of depression among senior high
school students thus laying out how they live with it as far as their needs are
concerned. In addition the study is seeking to identify measures that could aid in
2. To find appropriate strategies that would help reduce depression among senior
2. What are the appropriate strategies that would help to reduce depression among
At the time when the empowerment of persons with disabilities is taking a central
stage both at global and national levels, and when the effects of depression among
senior high school students is still unresolved, any study that addresses such a
community at large. It is hoped therefore, that the findings of this study may
the mentally retarded and the measures used to address such factors.
The study will target Don Carlos Polytechnic College. The target group will be
student of SHS Department. The reason to target these schools is that it is easy to
locate the participants on the ground that the researcher has developed a close
Among the many obstacles or rather limitations that are likely to be faced by the
monetary fund’s however issues such as transportation which was used to reach
and other general stationary needs posed to be a challenged in carrying out this
research due to inadequate financial funds. The other limitation is that of time
which may limit the researcher as the researcher was engaged or rather committed
to other works which required equal attention as this research. And lastly, we
provide all the expenses. All in all, the various constraints which may be
where possible will take advantage of these limitations to ensure that the research
becomes a success hence the study will bring forth the purpose of carrying it out.
In this study, the key concepts have the following operational definitions.
thoughts of suicide
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
effects on our behaviors such as loss of interest, productivity, and social contact.
the 11 th leading cause of death is suicide in United States Suicide, which occurs
time of their death in almost all the people who commit suicide [3-5]. Through
positive mood we feel good, which this has positive consequences and motivate
attachment figure, as in the Harlow studies of rhesus monkeys, the result is not
commonly despair and passivity, immune system is also get harm, which lead
however, people with a history of happy and secure attachments may also fall into
prolonged depression because of the loss of a beloved lifelong partner [11]. When
people cheer up. But depressed people feel even worse, as if the happy memory
makes them feel that they will never be happy again [12]. Depressed people
Stressed caused negative emotions may have various effects on health. This is
STUDENTS
condition that affects you, your family, and your friends. But for some reason or
another, most people with mental retardation that have depression do not seek
treatment, feeling instead that they are not worth the trouble, or not wanting to
admit that there is something wrong, even when most people with depression find
at least some relief with very little effort. Although the symptoms vary from
person to person, a lot of the intellectual disabled suffering from depression often
things that used to bring them joy, such as family or friend s, they’ve lost interest
frequently in the night (Passer Et al, 2003). It can become increasingly worse with
time because each day of missed class or time away from your family can send a
lot of people into a spiral of thought of failure and worthlessness causing them to
become a recluse, and only worsening their feelings of loneliness. Depression can
be especially cruel in that it doesn’t affect just the intellectually disabled but
everyone around them, too. Someone who is depressed can be very difficult and
draining to deal with. What makes this so cruel is that as a depressed child with
actively avoid having anything to do with them(Davis and Palladino, 2004). This
further contributes to a worsening self-image and makes the person feel even
overall poorer quality of life. It is well accepted that negative emotional states in
aspects of educational achievement and decision making. One of the ways that
this link is being understood is through the portal of working memory deficit.
Working memory deficits often coincide with depression, and could be the
effects the Childs academic progress in that, most of the students recognize that
they are behind others of their own age. With this, some may loss interest in
many may be depressed, these students might not have enough language skills to
talk about their feelings, as their depression may be shown by new problems for
mockery from other children and adults hence becoming more depressed as the
ability gap between them and their peers continues to widen and becomes more
behavior (Reiss and Benson, 1984). Socially, they lack interest in their family and
friends and will be unable to enjoy their company and shared activities and to
participate in family life. They are unable to demonstrate affection for loved ones,
they will tend to avoid friends and social gatherings and be unable to derive
satisfaction from hobbies and leisure interest (Reiss and Benson, 1984).About 10
to 40% of students with mental retardation also have a mental health disorder. In
particular, anxiety and depression are common, especially in students who are
aware that they are different from their peers or who are maligned and mistreated
because of their disability. This often leads to behaviors that are related to specific
control impulses; they then may be gullible and easily take advantage of or led
students showed that 38% thought about killing themselves while nearly 5%
depression and failure to recognize and treat this disorder by the multidisciplinary
team in school set ups that costs the lives of students as well as leading to frequent
make less effort to participate in group activities or maintain friendships. They are
often less friendly and outgoing. They may question other people’s interest in
them. They feel it is not safe to trust people, especially with their sadness. They
may not acknowledge their feelings even if asked. Students with depression,
especially those with learning difficulties, tend to see themselves as more socially
inept than they actually are and decide that it just is not worth the effort to try to
groups are formed, they wait passively to be placed or even resist being placed in
a group. Problems with school attendance, such as school refusal, school phobia
or chronic cutting classes can be a signal that students are depressed, particularly
They are likely to have difficulty maintaining the attentiveness necessary for
mathematics learning are commonly affected. Students have a difficult time trying
2006). Teachers may thus be concerned that students are daydreaming. They do
not complete assignments or homework and do not put forth a good effort. Their
marks decline and this exacerbates feelings of worthlessness that they are
experiencing.
Reports were first published in the 1800s describing the existence of depression in
depression, will become the focus of considerable concern for all professionals
depressive episodes and, where possible, to learn how to prevent a future relapse
(Reynold and Miller, 1985). This review highlights the important presentation and
used along with a course of antidepressants. Antidepressants can often lift mood
limited research is available, but case reports have been published demonstrating
However, care givers and non-health professionals have significant role to play.
Maintaining the daily routine and contact with friends can allay feelings of
maintenance of appetite and weight, as with the general population, can benefit
children face some special problems. They bother about their children’s physical
and emotional problems. Also social adjustments of these children place heavy
demands in the society, and as the children grow older, problems regarding
physical health, schooling and placement crop up (Ratchic, 1963). Keeping all
parents, teachers, and friends. As much as they are able, they need to let people
know how they are doing. At school, they may choose a respondentsto be an
from parents and students, depending on their age, to have this person talk to
school staff (Reynold and Miller, 1985).For severely depressed students, little is
motivating and it is difficult for them to keep up with the rest of the class. Until
helps give direction to people’s lives. When students are depressed, the goals may
be short term, even one day at a time, in order to be manageable. This works even
if the goal is simply to get to school on time. If they have not been getting to
health professional from outside the school or a school counselor, teachers can
positive self-talk in that when people are depressed, this self-talk tends to be
negative, and to stop this, Students can be helped to practice using self-talk that
replaces negative beliefs with ones that do not reinforce negative thinking such as
programmed such as intensive work with parents to teach them how best to
facilitate children’s development. Most research on these has shown short term
benefits are less certain and may depend on the characteristics of the child and
(Reynold and Barker,1988). There have been advances in the educational and
skills.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH DESIGN
The research design which used in this study is the case study. The study aimed
of depression among school going students. The researcher used both primary and
secondary data, in that primary data was obtained using questionnaires and
interview guides while secondary data was found from the internet, journals and
books.
STUDY POPULATION
The targeted population that was used in the study will consist of students in SHS
Department.
STUDY SAMPLE
The sample size will be Thirty-five (40) respondents. The questionnaires will be
distributed twenty (20) Females, and twenty (20) Males students who suffered
The type of sampling technique that will be used in this study is the probability
sampling which will require that the researcher divides the population into
subgroups from which to collect the data. The sub groups in this case are from
which the researcher will use questionnaires and interview guides to collect data,
basically stratified random sampling will also be applied when using the three
The instruments that will be used for the collection of data are the questionnaires
as well as the interviews. The questionnaires will be used because they allow for
enough time for both the researcher and the respondents to attend to the questions
in good time. The other justification for the use of questionnaires is that the
making the questionnaires appropriate for the study. Interviews are going to be
used in order to supplement the information that will be collected from the
questionnaires.
PROCEDURE FOR DATA COLLECTION
After been granted a research permit, the questionnaires were administered to all
the respondents by the researcher. When the questionnaires were completed, they
were collected. However time was allocated to the respondents who got the
questionnaires in order that they answer the question in good time and with ease.
DATA ANALYSIS
The analysis of Data for this research was done using computer software called
SPSS statistical package for the social sciences. The reason for using SPSS is
data. The software is user friendly in the sense that it can automatically convert
data into statistical charts, graphs, percentages, and tables to determine tendencies
data.
REFERENCE
Education LTD.
University, Tempe.
Oats, S. B. (1977). With Malice towards None. New York: NAL Penguin.
Leader:
Naranjo, Ronel D.
Members:
Andoy, Joshua
Catolico, Jether
Gandillo, Gracedio
Ulpinado, Kimberly G.
Performance. The implication of the finding is not to disregard mental health
issues; rather, it is possible that these students are more difficult to reach due to
implement programs such a SOAR that reaches out to students who may not seek
support or show signs that they are experiencing difficulties due to various