GUIDE QUESTION

Q15.Which gland of the endocrine and nervous

system controls the other glands in the body?
- the pituitary gland with its anterior and posterior parts controls the other glands
of the body because it produce and release hormones whose target organs are the
other endocrine glands, its secretion stimulates these glands.
Q16.How will you differentiate thyroid and
parathyroid glands in terms of location and function?

-The thyroid gland is an organ made of glandular tissue and is located in the base
of the neck. Its function is to produce hormones T3 and T4. Parathyroid gland
on the other hand is found behind each wing of the thyroid gland (thyroid gland is
a butterfly-shaped organ). It releases parathyroid hormones which help control
the level of the minerals in the body( calcium, phosphorus and magnesium).
Q17. If a person’s blood sugar level becomes unstable,
what glands might be involved in the problem?
-If a person’s blood sugar level becomes unstable, the pancreas might have a
problem. Pancreas is a large gland which produces insulin hormones. It lies
behind one’s stomach. Beta cells automatically produce exact amounts of insulin to
move the sugar or glucose into the cells.
Q18. How important is the thymus gland in keeping
your body free from diseases?
-The thymus gland serves a very important role in the lymphatic and endocrine
system. It contributes a lot in the defense against infection and diseases , thus, it
is very important to have this gland for the body to protect itself against
autoimmunity.
Q19. What might happen to a person born without a
thymus gland?
-If a person has no thymus gland, he is very prone to infection and diseases
Q20. How will you explain the sudden boost of energy,
increased strength and extraordinary ability to lift
very heavy objects especially during emergency
situations?
-It is called adrenaline rush. Adrenaline rush is a sudden surge of energy from an
increased hormone called adrenaline which occurs during a stressful event or
situation
Q21. Why is injecting insulin an essential part of the
daily regime for most people with diabetes?
-Insulin is a very important hormone. Without insulin, our body can't control or
use glucose (sugar) properly. Sugar is one of the body's main energy supplying
fuels. People with type 1 diabetes must inject insulin because without it, their
blood sugar level will rise and lead the body to burn up fat stores and which in a
few days, leads to a life threatening condition called diabetic acidosis.
Q22. Why does the menstrual cycle stop during
menopause?
-It is because the ovaries stopped producing eggs, menstrual flow reduces and
menstrual cycle becomes abnormal and irregular
Q23. How do oral contraceptives, specifically birth
control pills, prevent pregnancy?
- Contraceptives like Birth control pills are female hormonal pill used to stop
from being pregnant. It is a man-made hormonal pill which contains 2 hormone
the estrogen and progestin. The pill prevents conception by stopping your pituitary
gland which stops ovulation. The progestin on the other hand prevents the sperm
from reaching the egg and changed the lining of the uterus
Q24. Breastfeeding releases oxytocin and prolactin,
hormones that relax the mother and make her feel
more nurturing toward her baby. On the other
hand, how does the baby benefit from the production
of these hormones in the mother’s body?

- Oxytocin and prolactin are hormones that establish the "let down" and "keep up"
with the supply and demand of a nursing baby. These hormones, specifically the
oxytocins, are powerful antidepressants and are very powerful tool against PPD or
Postpartum Depression, which is common to changes after childbirth caused by
hormone fluctuations.