EJEMPLO DE ZAPATA AISLADA

TIPO C1:

0.30 m
Solución:
f'c col = 280 Kg/cm²
Datos:
Df = 1.60 m
gCºAº = 2.30 Tn/m³ CM = 221.19 Tn
gs = 1.90 Tn/m³ CV = 143.33 Tn
f'c col = 280 Kg/cm² ex = 0.03 m f'c zap = 280 Kg/cm²

f'c zap = 280 Kg/cm² ey = 0.03 m

fy = 4,200 Kg/cm² NFC = 1.60 m
qult = 7.18 Kg/cm² NPT = 0.30 m
s/c = 400 Kg/cm²

PREDIMENSIONAMIENTO DE LA COLUMNA TIPO C1 𝑃𝑠=𝐶𝑀+𝐶�

�_1 𝑥�_2=(𝑛.𝑃𝑠)/(∝.𝑓^′ 𝑐) n : factoración tipo columna n = 1.10

t1 x t2 = 4,773.48 cm² Ps : Carga de Servicio Ps = 364.52 Tn
a : reducción de CºAº a = 0.3
t1 x t2 = 69.09 cm �_1 𝑥�_2=√(�1∗�2)
@ 70.00 cm

t1 x t2 = 75 x 70 cm²

t1 x t2 = 5,250 cm²

Zona : 2 Z = 0.25 S = 1.2

U = 1.3 Pe = 257.0225 Tn 𝑃_�=𝐶𝑀+0.25𝐶�

𝐶𝑠=2/3 𝑍 𝑈 𝑆 𝑃_�
Cs = 66.82585 Tn

Us = 522.48 Tn 𝑈𝑠=1.25(𝐶𝑀+𝐶�)±𝐶𝑠
t2 S
U = 553.33 Tn 𝑈=1.4 𝐶𝑀+1.7 𝐶� t1

Fs = 3.0 T

q net = 19.80 Tn/m² �_𝑛��=�_𝑢𝑙�/𝐹𝑆−𝑠/𝑐−𝛾_𝑚∗ℎ_𝑓

𝐴�=𝑃𝑠/𝜎_𝑛
Az = 18.41 m²
�= √(𝐴_� )+(�_1−�_2)/2
T = 4.32 m @ 4.65 m
𝑆= √(𝐴_� )−(�_1−�_2)/2
S = 4.27 m @ 4.50 m
TxS= 4.65 m x 4.50 m a b
0.24 -1.04
T x S = 20.93 m²
 �1= 𝑃𝑠/𝐴� (1+(6�_𝑥)/�+(6�_𝑦)/𝑆)
q1 = 18.79 Tn/m² < 19.80 Tn/m² OK Cumple

REDISEÑANDO EL VALOR DE T �2= 𝑃𝑠/𝐴� (1+(6�_𝑥)/�−(6�_𝑦)/𝑆)

10.73 Tn/m²

S= 4.50 m �3= 𝑃𝑠/𝐴� (1−(6�_𝑥)/�+(6�_𝑦)/𝑆)

11.03 Tn/m²
q1 = σn 19.80 Tn/m²
�4= 𝑃𝑠/𝐴� (1−(6�_𝑥)/�−(6�_𝑦)/𝑆)
10.16 Tn/m²
S = 4.50 m 1.01
�1= 𝑃𝑠/(� . 𝑆) (1+(6�_𝑥)/�+(6�_𝑦)/𝑆)
T = 6.89 m

Cambio SxT

TxS= 6.70 m x 5.00 m

T x S = 33.50 m²
�1= 𝑃𝑠/𝐴� (1+(6�_𝑥)/�+(6�_𝑦)/𝑆)
q1 = 11.60 Tn/m² < 19.80 Tn/m² OK Cumple

1.- VERIFICACIÓN POR PUNZONAMIENTO:

rmin = 0.00279 rd = 125% r min

rd = 150% r min
rd = 0.00488 rd = 175% r min
rd = 200% r min
w = 0.07320

Pu = 553.33 Tn 𝑃𝑢=1.4 𝐶𝑀+1.7 𝐶�

�1= 𝑃𝑢/(� . 𝑆) (1+(6�_𝑥)/�+(6�_𝑦)/𝑆)

q1 = 17.56 Tn/m²

�3= 𝑃𝑢/(� . 𝑆) (1−(6�_𝑥)/�+(6�_𝑦)/𝑆)

q2 = 16.37 Tn/m²

�2= 𝑃𝑢/(� . 𝑆) (1+(6�_𝑥)/�−(6�_𝑦)/𝑆)

q3 = 16.67 Tn/m²

�4= 𝑃𝑢/(� . 𝑆) (1−(6�_𝑥)/�−(6�_𝑦)/𝑆)

q4 = 15.48 Tn/m²

(q1 + q2)/2 = 16.97 Tn/m²

(q3 + q4)/2 = 16.08 Tn/m² 6.70

3.725
 Lv x 4.45

2.975 0.75

6.70 m 1.98 Tn/m �𝑢=�1+𝑥

4.45 Tn/m x
=
80.40 Tn/m x 4.45 Tn/m 6.70 m 3.725 m

84.85 Tn/m x = 2.47 Tn/m

6.70 m

Mu = 372.57 Tn-m
 d = 64.98 cm = 0.65 m r= 7.00 cm
fv = 2.54 cm Mu = 372.57 Tn-m
hz = 73.25 cm = 0.80 m

dr = 71.73 cm = 0.7173 m

a = 40
bo = 5.77 𝑏_𝑜=2(𝑚+𝑛)
�𝑐=0.27(2+(𝛼 𝑑)/𝑏_0 ) √(𝑓^′ 𝑐) 〖 𝑏〗 _𝑜 𝑑
1.88 Bc = 1.07 𝑏_𝑐=0.95/0.80
m = t1 + d
d/2

n = t2 + d
�𝑐=0.27(2+4/𝐵_𝑐 ) √(𝑓^′ 𝑐) 〖 𝑏〗 _𝑜 𝑑
1.55 S = 5.00 m 70
d/2 75

1.06 �𝑐=1.06 √(𝑓^′ 𝑐) 〖 𝑏〗 _𝑜 𝑑 T = 6.70 m

Vc = 734.11 Tn �𝑐=1.06 √(𝑓^′ 𝑐) 〖 𝑏〗 _𝑜 𝑑

�𝑢=𝑃𝑢−�_𝑝 (�1+𝑑)(�2+𝑑) �𝑢=𝑃𝑢+�_𝑝 𝐴𝑐 �_𝑝=(�_1+�_2+�_3+�_4)/

Vu = 518.97 Tn

Vn = 610.56 �𝑛=�𝑢/� f = 0.85

�𝑐>�𝑢/�

734.11 Tn > 610.56 Tn OK Cumple

2.- VERIFICACIÓN POR CORTANTE:

�𝑛≤�𝑐 ø = 0.85 øv = 2.54 cm r = 7.00 cm

hz = 73.25 cm = 80.00 m ℎ�=𝑑+�𝑣/2+�

dr = 71.73 m = 0.7173 m 𝑑�=ℎ�−�𝑣/2−�

Q4 15.48 Tn/m²

�𝑛=�𝑢/� �𝑐=0.53 √(𝑓^′ 𝑐) 𝑏 𝑑

Q3 16.67 Tn/m²

DISEÑO EN EL EJE X: (T)

(q1 + q3)/2 = 17.12 Tn/m²

(q2 + q4)/2 = 15.93 Tn/m² x

 �1𝑥= (�_1+�_3)/2∗𝑆
q 1x = 85.60 Tn/m
6.70 m T 0.75

0.70 0.03

q 2x = 79.65 Tn/m �2𝑥= (�_2+�_4)/2∗𝑆 0.03

S
5.00 m
 6.70 m
4.442
dr 2.290
x 5.95 Tn/m
2.975 0.75

4.442 m qu = 83.60 Tn �𝑢=�1+𝑥

5.95 x
=
79.65 Tn/m x 6.70 m 4.442
2.00 Tn/m
85.60 Tn/m x = 3.95 Tn
6.70 m

�𝑢=�_𝑢∗𝐿𝑣+(�_𝑥∗𝐿𝑣)/2
Vu = 193.70 Tn

Vn = 227.89 Tn �𝑛=�𝑢/� f = 0.85

Vc = 318.07 Tn �𝑐=0.53 √(𝑓^′ 𝑐) 𝑏 𝑑=0.53 √(𝑓^′ 𝑐) 𝑆 𝑑�

�𝑐>�𝑢/�

318.07 Tn > 227.89 Tn OK Cumple

x
DISEÑO EN EL EJE Y: (S)

(q1 + q2)/2 = 16.97 Tn/m²

6.70 m T 0.75

(q3 + q4)/2 = 16.08 Tn/m² 0.70 0.03

0.03
�1𝑥= (�_1+�_2)/2∗�
q 1y = 113.70 Tn/m S
5.00 m
�2𝑥= (�_3+�_4)/2∗�
q 2y = 107.74 Tn/m

5.00 m
3.567
1.433 dr
x 5.96
0.70 2.150

3.567 q𝑢=�1−𝑥
qu = 109.45 Tn/m
3.567 5.00
=
x 107.74 Tn/m x 5.96
 1.71 Tn/m
113.70 Tn/m x = 4.25 Tn/m
5.00 m

�𝑢=�_𝑢∗𝐿𝑣+(�_𝑥∗𝐿𝑣)/2
Vu = 158.04 Tn

Vn = 185.92 Tn �𝑛=�𝑢/� f = 0.85

Vc = 318.07 Tn �𝑐=0.53 √(𝑓^′ 𝑐) 𝑏 𝑑=0.53 √(𝑓^′ 𝑐) � 𝑑�

�𝑐>�𝑢/�

318.07 Tn > 185.92 Tn OK Cumple

 3- VERIFICACIÓN POR APLASTAMIENTO:

3.1.- (COLUMNA):
0.70

A1 = 0.53 m² 0.75

Pnb = 1,261.40 Tn 𝑃𝑛𝑏=0.85 𝑓^′ 𝑐 𝐴_1 ø = 0.70

𝑃𝑛=𝑃𝑢/∅
Pn = 790.47 Tn

1,261.40 Tn > 790.47 Tn 𝑃𝑛𝑏≥𝑃𝑛 OK Cumple

3.2.- (ZAPATA):

0.75 xo
=
5.00 204.00

x 0.70 T 204.00 m xo = 30.60 m

0.75

0.75 30.60 m
=
S 5.00 x
5.00 m
x = 204.00 m
Az = 1,020.00 m²
𝐴_𝑜=√(𝐴_�/𝐴_1 ) ≤ 2 𝐴_1
Ao = 43.87 m² < 2A1 = 1.06 m² No Cumple

Ao = 1.06 m²

Pnb = 2,522.80 Tn 𝑃𝑛𝑏=0.85 𝑓^′ 𝑐 𝐴_𝑜 ø = 0.70

𝑃𝑛=𝑃𝑢/∅
Pn= 790.47 Tn

2,522.80 Tn > 790.47 Tn 𝑃𝑛𝑏≥𝑃𝑛 OK Cumple

4.- DISEÑO POR FLEXION:

4.1.- DISEÑO POR FLEXION: EJE "S"

𝐴𝑠=𝑀𝑢/(� 𝑓𝑦 (𝑑−𝑎/2))

𝑎=(2𝑑−√(4𝑑^2−8𝑀𝑢/(0.85 〖� 𝑓〗 ^′ 𝑐 𝑏)))/2 15.48 Tn/m²

qp1 = 15.93 Tn/m²
qu1 = 106.73 Tn/m 16.37 Tn/m²
𝑎=( 〖𝐴𝑠〗 _ 𝑓𝑦)/(0.85 𝑓^′ 𝑐 𝑏) 16.67 Tn/m²
 qp2 = 17.12 Tn/m²
𝑅𝑢=𝑀𝑢/𝑏𝑑²=∅.𝑓𝑦.𝜌(1−0.59 𝜌.𝑓𝑦/(𝑓^′ 𝑐)) 17.56 Tn/m² qu2 = 114.70 Tn/m

dr = 0.717 m

0.95 2.575

3.525 m y = 82.97 Tn/m 𝑦=�1+𝑥

3.53 6.10
=
80.40 Tn/m x x 4.45
1.88 Tn/m 𝑦^′=�2−𝑦
84.85 Tn/m x = 2.57 Tn/m
6.10 m

MT = 279.23 Tn-m
 𝑎=(2𝑑−√(4𝑑^2−(8𝑀𝑢( 〖 10 〗 ^5))/(0.85 〖∅ .𝑓 〗 ^′ 𝑐.𝑏)))/2
a = 3.04 cm MT = 279.23 Tn-m

𝐴𝑠=𝑀𝑢/(0.9𝑓𝑦 (𝑑−𝑎/2))
As = 105.21 cm²

𝜌𝑑= 𝐴𝑠/(𝑏.𝑑)
rd= 0.0024 ecuacion …(β)

𝑅𝑢=𝑀𝑢/(𝑏𝑑²(10))

𝜌𝑑=𝑅𝑢/(∅.𝑓𝑦(1−0.59 𝜌 𝑓𝑦/(𝑓^′ 𝑐)))

ø = 0.85
ø = 0.90 b1 = 0.85

Ru = 8.90 Kg/cm² 𝜌 min 〖 =0.7 √(𝑓^′ 𝑐)/𝑓𝑦 〗

rd = 0.0024 ecuacion …(α)

(α) =(β) OK Cumple

𝜌 max 〖 =0.5∗𝑏_1∗∅∗(6000/(𝑓𝑦+6000)) (𝑓^′ 𝑐)/𝑓𝑦 〗

rmin = 0.0028

rmax = 0.0142 𝜌 𝑚𝑖𝑛< 𝜌𝑑< 𝜌 𝑚𝑎𝑥 OK Cumple

ACERO

As = 105.21 cm² A v #8 = 5.07 cm² r = 7.00 cm

øv #8 = 2.54 cm
𝑛º 𝑣=𝐴𝑠/(𝐴𝑣 #8)
nº V = 20.75 varillas @ 21 varillas

𝐴𝑠 �=𝑛º 𝑣 ∗𝐴𝑣 #8 𝐸𝑥𝑐=𝐴𝑠 � −𝐴𝑠

As r = 106.47 cm²

%𝐸𝑥𝑐=𝐸𝑥𝑐/𝐴𝑠∗100
Exc = 1.26 cm² % Exc = 1.20 % As < 11% As OK Cumple

𝑆�=(𝑏−2�−∅𝑣)/(𝑛º 𝑣−1)
Sr = 32.67 cm > 2.54 cm OK Cumple

DETALLE DEL ACERO EN EL EJE "S":

Sr = 32.50 cm
 21 varillas

7 cm
 3.2.- DISEÑO POR FLEXION: EJE "T"

𝐴𝑠=𝑀𝑢/(� 𝑓𝑦 (𝑑−𝑎/2))
S=
T=
𝑎=(2𝑑−√(4𝑑^2−8𝑀𝑢/(0.85 〖� 𝑓〗 ^′ 𝑐 𝑏)))/2 15.48 Tn/m²
qp1 = 17.12 Tn/m²
qu1 = 85.60 Tn/m 16.67 Tn/m²
𝑎=( 〖𝐴𝑠〗 _ 𝑓𝑦)/(0.85 𝑓^′ 𝑐 𝑏) 16.37 Tn/m² S T
qp2 = 15.93 Tn/m²
𝑅𝑢=𝑀𝑢/𝑏𝑑²=∅.𝑓𝑦.𝜌(1−0.59 𝜌.𝑓𝑦/(𝑓^′ 𝑐)) 17.56 Tn/m² qu2 = 79.65 Tn/m

0.75 2.975

3.73 m y = 82.96 Tn/m 𝑦=�1+𝑥

3.73 6.70
=
79.65 Tn/m x x 5.95
2.64 Tn/m 𝑦^′=�2−𝑦
85.60 Tn/m x = 3.31 Tn
6.70 m

MT = 374.91 Tn-m MT = Mu
𝑎=(2𝑑−√(4𝑑^2−(8𝑀𝑢( 〖 10 〗 ^5))/(0.85 〖∅ .𝑓 〗 ^′ 𝑐.𝑏)))/2
a = 3.74 cm

𝐴𝑠=𝑀𝑢/(0.9𝑓𝑦 (𝑑−𝑎/2))
As = 141.97 cm²

r = 0.0030 ecuacion …(β) 𝜌= 𝐴𝑠/(𝑏.𝑑)

𝑅𝑢=𝑀𝑢/(𝑏𝑑²(10))

𝜌=𝑅𝑢/(∅.𝑓𝑦(1−0.59 𝜌 𝑓𝑦/(𝑓^′ 𝑐)))

ø = 0.85
ø = 0.90 b1 = 0.85

Ru = 10.88 Kg/cm² 𝜌 min 〖 =0.7 √(𝑓^′ 𝑐)/𝑓𝑦 〗

 rd = 0.0030 ecuacion …(α)
(α) =(β)
𝜌 max 〖 =0.5∗(𝑏_1∗∅∗(6000/(𝑓𝑦+6000)) (𝑓^′ 𝑐)/𝑓𝑦 〗 )

r min = 0.0028 s

r max = 0.0142 𝜌 𝑚𝑖𝑛< 𝜌𝑑< 𝜌 𝑚𝑎𝑥

ACERO

As = 141.97 cm² A v #8 = 5.07 cm² r = 7.00 cm

øv #8 = 2.54 cm
𝑛º 𝑣=𝐴𝑠/(𝐴𝑣 #8)
nº V = 28.00 varillas @ 29 varillas

As r = 147.03 cm² 𝐴𝑠 �=𝑛º 𝑣 ∗𝐴𝑣 #8 𝐸𝑥𝑐=𝐴𝑠 � −𝐴𝑠

%𝐸𝑥𝑐=𝐸𝑥𝑐/𝐴𝑠∗100
Exc = 5.06 cm² % Exc = 3.56 % As < 11% As OK Cumple
𝑆�=(𝑏−2�−∅𝑣)/(𝑛º 𝑣−1)
Sr = 17.27 cm > 2.54 cm OK Cumple
 DETALLE DEL ACERO EN EL EJE "T":

Sr = 17.00 cm

29 varillas

7 cm

5.- DISEÑO DE DOWELS:

A v #8 = 5.07 cm²
𝑃𝑛𝑏≥𝑃𝑛 A v #10 = 7.92 cm²

As min = 53.00 cm² 〖𝐴𝑠〗 _𝑚𝑖𝑛=0.005 𝐴_𝑜

nº v = 10.45 varillas @ 11 varillas ó nº v = 6.69 varillas @ 6 varillas

PATA AISLADA

0.30 m

1.60 m

1.10
364.52 Tn
0.3
c
-0.18
T= 4.42

T= -0.167
 4.45

x
3.725 m

2.47 Tn/m

372.57 Tn-m
 372.57 Tn-m

�_𝑝=(�_1+�_2+�_3+�_4)/4

dr dr

16.37 Tn/m²
Q2

Q1 17.56 Tn/m²
y
 5.95 Tn/m

3.95 Tn

y
4.25 Tn/m
 S = 5.0 m
T = 6.7 m

16.37 Tn/m²
 17.12 Tn/m²
114.70 Tn/m

2.57 Tn/m

279.23 Tn-m MT = Mu
 279.23 Tn-m

𝐸𝑥𝑐=𝐴𝑠 � −𝐴𝑠

%𝐸𝑥𝑐=𝐸𝑥𝑐/𝐴𝑠∗100
 5.00 m
6.70 m

16.67 Tn/m²

15.93 Tn/m²
79.65 Tn/m

3.31 Tn
 𝐸𝑥𝑐=𝐴𝑠 � −𝐴𝑠

%𝐸𝑥𝑐=𝐸𝑥𝑐/𝐴𝑠∗100
6 varillas