Building Design PDF

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05 19 | MAY | •
CLOCKWISE FROM TOP LEFT: ZGF; CBT; BUROHAPPOLD; HEATHERWICK STUDIO; BKL ARCHITECTURE
38
28
FEATURES 8 NEWS+TRENDS 47 53
JV antes up $1 billion
28 2019 DESIGN for Opportunity Zone
INNOVATION REPORT development
9 projects and
trends pushing the 12 THINK TANK
limits of design What is the role of
architects in health-
38 MARKET SECTOR care data security?
REPORT AIA CONTINUING
The sharing economy 22 TRENDSETTING
puts a different spin PROJECTS EDUCATION
on new construction The Western New ideas in 66
Hemisphere’s first building envelopes
47 K-12 SCHOOLS purpose-built
REPORT eSports arena
Next-gen urban
learning facilities 60 PRODUCTS AT WORK
p.53
Zinc accents Fighting
Irish locker room
DEPARTMENTS
66 GREAT SOLUTIONS
7 EDITORIAL Sidewalk Labs
Does wellness details a model
pay off? smart city
ON THE COVER: Completed last September, Google’s new office in Playa Vista, Calif., involved converting the
historic, 750-foot-long hangar built by industrialist Howard Hughes to house the Spruce Goose prototype airlift
flying boat. The reconstruction includes generous spaces for work, meetings, events, and amenities. The all-wood
spine that supports the building’s ceiling was deconstructed and rebuilt with noncombustible materials that were
2014–2017, 2019 then reclad with refurbished wood panels. More on page 32. PHOTO: CONNIE ZHOU, COURTESY ZGF
JESSE H. NEAL
AWARD WINNER
BDCuniversity.com | BUILDING DESIGN+CONSTRUCTION | 3

| E-CONTENTS | BDCnetwork.com
FACTORY-BASED Pete Murray and Timothy

CONSTRUCTION Swanson outline their
STARTS AT A SINGLE firm’s strategy for advanc-
SOURCE OF TRUTH, ing offsite construction.
SAYS SKENDER BDCnetwork.com/SkenderSingleSource
In the technology world,

the ideal is to have a THE CONSTRUCTION
single, centralized data- INDUSTRY HAS A
base that stores all of an PROBLEM, AND
organization’s data in a WOMEN ARE GOING
consistent form with no TO SOLVE IT
repeats. In the built world, The $8 trillion construc-
we’re applying this idea by tion industry has a major
This prototype is an early
version of the apartment
bringing advanced technol- problem. Simply put, we do
units that will be built in ogy to modular building not have enough people to
Skender’s factory later and keeping every input— meet construction de-
this year for a residential
community in Chicago’s
from design to supply mands worldwide. Every-
West Loop. chain to manufacturing line one in the industry needs
to on-site assembly—in- to wake up to the fact that
terconnected. Skender’s we are not going to solve
the labor shortage if we
continue alienating half of
REACHING our potential workforce.

It’s time to make 2019 the
ECONOMICAL
year we empower women in
construction, writes Dani-
elle Dy Buncio, Founder,
HEIGHTS! CEO, VIATechnik.

BDCnetwork.com/WomenInConstruc-
tion2019
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4 | BUILDING DESIGN+CONSTRUCTION | May 2019

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BUILDING
LEGACIES.
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Building on the past to advance the future. Kawneer solutions draw on a long
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CIRCLE 754
By David Barista, Editorial Director | EDITORIAL |
BUILDING DESIGN
+CONSTRUCTION
VOLUME 60, NO.05
EDITORIAL STAFF
EDITORIAL DIRECTOR | David Barista
847.954.7929; dbarista@sgcmail.com
EXECUTIVE EDITOR | Robert Cassidy
847.391.1040; rcassidy@sgcmail.com
SENIOR EDITOR | John Caulfield
DOES WELLNESS PAY OFF?
732.257.6319; jcaulfield@sgcmail.com
I
ASSOCIATE EDITOR | David Malone
n less than half a decade, the well- engaging in regular exercise (69.8% vs.
847.391.1057; dmalone@sgcmail.com ness movement has taken hold in the 61.9%, with an adjusted difference of 0.03)
EDITORS | Peter Fabris, Lance Hosey, Mike global real estate market. As of mid- and a 13.6-percentage point higher rate of
Plotnick, Adam Sullivan, C.C. Sullivan
April, nearly 2,600 building projects employees who reported actively managing
DESIGNER | Cathy LePenske
across the globe were either certified their weight (69.2% vs. 54.7%).
WEB DESIGNER | Agnes Smolen
or registered through the Interna- Now the not-so-positive news: When
EDITORIAL ADVISORS tional WELL Building Institute’s WELL looking at the traditional measures of
DAVID P. CALLAN | PE, CEM, LEED AP, HBDP Standard or the Center for Active health, particularly as they pertain to health
Senior Vice President, McGuire Engineers Design’s Fitwel rating system. insurance premiums—namely cholesterol,
PATRICK E. DUKE | Senior Vice President,
CBRE Healthcare
Even more impressive, 4,360 design, blood pressure, and body mass index—
CAROLYN FERGUSON | FSMPS, CPSM construction, and real estate professionals there were no significant differences
President, WinMore Marketing Advisors have earned their WELL Accredited Profes- between the treatment group and the
JOSH FLOWERS | AIA, LEED AP sional status, and another 3,485 WELL APs control group after 18 months. The same
General Counsel, Hnedak Bobo Group
ARLEN SOLOCHEK | FAIA, Associate Vice
are in the making. Tack on Fitwel’s cadre of for healthcare spending and utilization, ab-
Chancellor, Maricopa County CCD 1,900+ “Ambassadors” and active users, senteeism, tenure, job performance, sleep
PHILIP TOBEY | FAIA, FACHA and we’re looking at an army 9,400 strong quality, and even food choices.
Senior Vice President, SmithGroup
pushing the merits of these programs.
PETER WEINGARTEN | AIA, LEED AP
Director of the Architectural Practice, Gensler Corporate America also has jumped on
the wellness train. In 2017, nearly half of
Getting wellness to pay off may
BUSINESS STAFF
GROUP DIRECTOR – PRINCIPAL | Tony Mancini
all worksites in the U.S. offered some type not be that simple, or even a wise
of health promotion or wellness program,
484.412.8686, tmancini@sgcmail.com
EVENTS MANAGER | Judy Brociek
including an astounding 92% of worksites investment to begin with.
847.954.7943; jbrociek@sgcmail.com with 500+ employees, according to the
SENIOR AUDIENCE DEVELOPMENT Centers for Disease Control and Prevention It seems, according to this study at
MANAGER | Kim Smaga
(BDCnetwork.com/CDCwellness). least, that workplace wellness programs
For list rental information, contact Claude Marada
at 402.836.6274; claude.marada@infogroup.com Clearly, wellness in the workplace has can create environments that promote im-
or Bart Piccirillo at 402.836.6283; become big business, especially for large proved health behaviors among employees,
bart.piccirillo@infogroup.com
employers that hope their investment in but achieving lower healthcare spending
CREATIVE SERVICES COORDINATOR | Dara Rubin
MARKETING MANAGER | Christine Book
healthier, lower-stress work environments and utilization are a stretch.
cbook@sgcmail.com will lead to improved employee health and,
ultimately, lower healthcare costs. On another note, the BD+C editorial team
CORPORATE
But getting wellness to pay off may not needs your input for a first-of-its-kind AEC
CHAIRMAN EMERITUS (1922-2003) | H.S. Gillette
CHAIRPERSON | K.A. Gillette be that simple, or even a wise investment industry research project. For more than
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER | E.S. Gillette to begin with, as evidenced by a peer- 40 years, BD+C editors have ranked the
PRESIDENT | Rick Schwer reviewed study published last month in The nation’s largest AEC firms as part of our
CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER | David Shreiner Journal of the American Medical Association annual Giants 300 Report. This year, we’re
SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT | Ann O’Neill
(BDCnetwork.com/WellnessStudy19). The launching a companion research survey
DIRECTOR OF STRATEGIC PRODUCT
DEVELOPMENT | John Atwood study involved a randomized trial of 32,974 focused on tech and innovation trends at
VICE PRESIDENT OF CUSTOM employees across 160 worksites (20 sites AEC Giant firms. If your firm is an AEC Gi-
MEDIA & MARKETING | Diane Vojcanin
with wellness plans, 140 control sites) at a ant and is adopting and vetting advanced
For advertising contacts, see page 64.
large U.S. warehouse retail company. tech tools, we invite you to participate in
First the good news: After 18 months, our 10-minute, 11-question Giants Tech
the worksites with the standardized well- and Innovation Survey. The results will be
ness program had an 8.3-percentage point published this fall in BD+C. Take the survey
3030 W. SALT CREEK LANE, SUITE 201
higher rate of employees who reported at: BDCnetwork.com/TechSurvey19.
ARLINGTON HEIGHTS, IL 60005-5025
847.391.1000 • FAX: 847.390.0408

| NEWS+TRENDS | By John Caulfield, Senior Editor
CHICAGO-AREA JOINT VENTURE ANTES UP $1 BILLION

FOR OPPORTUNITY ZONE DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENT
$20 billion for new projects, construction along two miles
FARPOINT DEVELOPMENT
according to The Real Deal, of lakefront.

which reports that Decennial “Decennial will make smart,
Group is exploring 250 po- long-term investments through-
tential projects in Opportunity out the country, but we will
Zones around the country, and begin by capitalizing on deep
is in advanced negotiations on relationships and an already
at least three projects. strong pipeline of deals in
Decennial Group is a joint the Heartland, where we have
venture comprised of Scott unparalleled investing experi-
Goodman, the Founding ence,” says Goodman.
Principal of Farpoint Develop- Bob Clark adds that CRG
ment, a real estate develop- will provide development and
ment company; Bob Clark, site selection expertise as
Founder and CEO of Clayco, a well as design-build services
full-service development, plan- so that Decennial Group can
ning, architecture, engineering, “act quickly on great OZ oppor-
and construction firm; and tunities around the country.”
Shawn Clark, President of Decennial Group is dis-
One of Farpoint Development’s investments is Burnham Lakefront, CRG, Clayco’s real estate and tinguishing itself from other
located within an Opportunity Zone on Chicago’s South Side. development company. OZ funds with a renewable
According to a prepared energy strategy that’s being
The Tax Cuts and Jobs

Act of 2017 created
the designation “Opportunity
Opportunity Zones by the end
of this year to meet a seven-
year holding period that allows
statement, Decennial Group
will focus on commercial,
industrial, multifamily, and en-
led by David Pavlik, Co-founder
and Principal with 11 Million
Acres, an energy real estate
Zone,” where the IRS will allow them to exclude 15% of the ergy projects located in Oppor- development platform that
tax advantages for certain in- deferred capital gain. The IRS tunity Zones, and especially in has structured more than $2
vestments in lower-income ar- is in the final stages of final- America’s heartland region. billion in renewable energy and
eas when an Opportunity Fund izing this program’s regulatory Among Goodman’s devel- infrastructure projects.
invests more than 90% of its framework. opment projects is Burnham Steve Glickman, Founder
assets in a zoned property. Chicago-based Decennial Lakefront, a 100-acre campus and CEO of Develop LLC,
As of last December, there Group is targeting investment within a recently designated Washington, D.C., will be
were nearly 8,800 Opportunity of $1 billion in development Opportunity Zone on the Senior Advisor to the manage-
Zones in the U.S. and its five projects to leverage the tax in- former site of Michael Reese ment team. Glickman helped
possessions, according to the centives created by the 2017 Hospital on Chicago’s South develop the Opportunity Zone
Treasury Department. Develop- law. Over the next decade the Side. The developer is plan- program.
ers must invest in Qualified JV could look to invest up to ning 12 million sf of vertical BDCnetwork.com/OppZones
40
The percent of U.S. contractors that said they have had to turn down project offers because they didn’t
have enough people to do the work, according to the first-quarter 2019 Commercial Construction Index
report by USG Corp. and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce. The labor shortage has made it difficult for
contractors to meet schedule deadlines. Seventy percent of contractors are struggling to meet project
deadlines, the report says. BDCnetwork.com/USGindex

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| NEWS+TRENDS |
SUMMER ASSIGNMENTS: K-12 SCHOOL CONSTRUCTION COSTS

RSMeans By Gordian
In the next few weeks, children and CITY ELEMENTARY JUNIOR HIGH OCATIONAL
Q4 2019
SCHOOL HIGH SCHOOL SCHOOL SCHOOL
young adults across the country will
rejoice as another school year comes CHESAPEAKE, VA. $158.34 $161.87 $174.27 $145.76
to an end. Whether they are graduat- INDIANAPOLIS, IND. $175.85 $179.70 $192.34 $161.29
ing from high school, preparing to
JERSEY CITY, N.J. $244.58 $244.07 $257.56 $216.93
learn a trade, or moving on to the
KANSAS CITY, MO. $198.87 $201.54 $214.59 $179.30
next grade, all of these students are
LINCOLN, NEB. $171.87 $175.89 $188.34 $156.93
bonded by their eager anticipation of
MESA, ARIZ. $163.59 $167.87 $180.51 $151.20
summer break.
For students, summer is a time of PITTSBURGH, PA. $200.43 $203.30 $216.23 $181.35
freedom and fun. For schools, sum- RENO, NEV. $178.41 $181.54 $194.27 $163.22
mer is a time to ramp up construc- SACRAMENTO, CALIF. $241.50 $242.22 $256.03 $214.31
tion work, complete safety upgrades, TULSA, OKLA. $152.64 $157.36 $169.60 $141.56
and renovate academic, athletic, and
artistic spaces. from Gordian features more than 100 estimates for future builds. The table
Schools plan these projects well in building models, including various below shows the most recent cost per
advance of when they actually start, types of schools. These localized mod- square foot to build schools in cities in
and they use accurate construction els allow architects, engineers, and several American states.
cost data to forecast prices and to construction professionals to quickly Visit rsmeans.com/bdandc for more
budget appropriately. RSMeans data and accurately create conceptual information about RSMeans data.
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CIRCLE 757
| THINK TANK | By Steve Sanda, AIA, Digital Transformation Specialist, Proving Ground
HOW AEC FIRMS AND PROPERTY OWNERS

CAN USE DATA THEY ALREADY HAVE TO
DEEPEN THEIR BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE
Business Defining a key number of Your firm may already have data or among your
intelligence journeys helps you set the established platforms that integrations. If you can’t
(BI)—technologies used course for data exploration. make business processes answer the question you
for data analysis and We recently worked with easier. In addition to are trying to ask, then it
reporting—has been a a facilities owner that was financial software, becomes important to
trending topic in our interested in gaining a you may track change determine what you need
recent work. We’re finding better understanding of orders and construction to do to get the missing
that while many their service workers’ use administration processes information.
architecture firms and of buildings, equipment, in another system and For example, we worked
owners have capable and and labor across a campus. keep photographs of your with an owner who has
established enterprise- Using data on more than most recent award-winning installed sensors to track
grade platforms, they’re 50,000 service requests projects in a third. the use of their physical
not leveraging the data to they had logged in just The next step is to spaces. By dynamically
impact their businesses. one year, we focused on redefine the ways you visualizing this data in a
Here are five ideas for developing a clear strategy access and analyze the heat map superimposed
better positioning business by defining journeys—for data you already have. Many onto floor plan graphics,
intelligence within your example, “Which piece business data platforms we discovered that the
organization: of equipment has been have backdoor access— output sensor data and the
either by an API or direct room naming in the Revit
database connections— model were referencing
‘Many architecture firms and owners we that you can use to begin “the janitor’s closet” in two
to look at the data in an different ways. The fix was
work with have capable and established environment that is more easy: just rename the data
suitable for analysis, to match.
enterprise-grade platforms within their such as data visualization
organization, but they are not leveraging programs like Power BI and
Tableau, or development
4. Establish accountability
to uplift data quality.
the data to drive impacts on their libraries like D3.js. As you begin to establish
In our work with the business intelligence
businesses.’ — STEVE SANDA, AIA, PROVING GROUND aforementioned campus, processes, you may
we found ways to connect experience some pushback
to their system, make from those who input or
1. Use “journeys” to subject to the most service connections between data, maintain the data itself.
connect multiple data requests?” We then sliced and visualize the key data This is where describing
points and sources. into the monstrous pile points in an easy-to-access value becomes important.
A journey is a process- of data points to give the dashboard outside of the We worked with an
centric question that can owner the capability to platform itself. architecture firm that
help guide multiple sources make educated decisions understood the value
of data to answer the about equipment service 3. Identify gaps and of data integrity. Their
question. Once answered, over time. shortcomings in your data. benchmarking efforts
these journeys become A well-defined journey identified key categories
evidence to suggest change 2. Use the data sources can also be useful in and subcategories that
within an organization. and platforms you have. identifying gaps in your would apply to spaces

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| THINK TANK |
a podcast by architects for architects
across their projects over a into current processes.

variety of clients. By having Over time, as iterative
a clear hierarchy that improvements based on BD+C AND BOB BORSON, FAIA, have
positioned room and area evidence find success, teamed up to bring you Life of an Architect,
data in their Revit models trust will build.
a twice-monthly podcast that delves
into specific themes, this For our client with the
firm could compare these service requests overload, into all things architecture and design.
spatial-use concepts we trained key individuals
without trouble. on how to access their
The key to their success platforms and visualize
was the accountability data that responds to
they had built into their strategic journeys so that
design and documentation they can continue their
processes that encouraged own exploration. Over time,
staff to input and validate they’ll take the evidence
the needed information. gleaned from these trends
Staff members understood to decision makers to shape
the value they would and route future decisions
achieve by making sure about the equipment they
the information was right. buy and how they manage
For example, new insights their labor.
about their expertise By analyzing data and
sectors would provide reviewing quick insights,
insurmountable value they’ve already identified a CHECK OUT THE LATEST
in the design of future few areas for improvement
projects, as well as uplift
their ability to convince
and are establishing the
foundation for a culture
Life of an Architect episodes:
potential clients of their that embraces evidence to
design intelligence. support change.
Drive data initiatives and EPISODE 22
the efforts behind them by The first step to making
RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION COSTS
focusing on the value it will informed changes in your
provide to those involved. organization is collecting In the beginning, when you are starting to plan your
the data. Think of a budget for building a new dwelling, construction costs
5. Grow data literacy and problem or question you are not that complicated unless you really want to make
cultivate a culture that have had in the last week
them that way.
embraces evidence. about your work:
Data literacy is the ability • What data sources
to understand, manipulate, (including people) in your EPISODE 21
and interpret data to drive organization contain the MAKING AN ARCHITECT

decisions and outcomes. information you need?
There isn’t an architect walking the planet that hasn’t
To provide value, data • What connections and
must be consumed by relationships between data questioned if they were making the right decision when
individuals who understand sources will make this they decided to become an architect.
how to translate the question easier to answer?
numbers into action. • When you have the
Successful organizations, answer, what action do
with healthy temperament, you intend to take based LISTEN TO ALL EPISODES AT:
will see key indicators from on the available data and
evidence and integrate it evidence? BDCnetwork.com/lifeofanarchitect

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vapor permeability. And with DensElement® Barrier System, your sheathing installers finish the job, saving labor.
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©2019 GP Gypsum LLC. All rights reserved. Unless otherwise noted, all trademarks are owned by or licensed to GP Gypsum LLC. CIRCLE 759
| THINK TANK | By George Vangelatos, Chief Design Officer, and Michael Williams, Senior Medical Planner, HMC Architects
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE ARCHITECT

IN HEALTHCARE DATA SECURITY?
According to data through improved wayfind- risk of eavesdropping. The cloud storage to keep their
compiled by the ing and use of partitions, kiosk is also a paperless data secure, but the cloud
Department of Health and privacy glass, and other system, so there are no presents security risks
Human Services’ Office for subtle design features that documents to get in the of its own. Cyber hackers
Civil Rights, more than don’t alienate patients and wrong hands. Greater are constantly finding new
2,180 healthcare data visitors. patient privacy leads to ways to access sensitive
security breaches occurred Doors to secure areas improved patient satisfac- information, while security
between 2009 and 2017. should be painted with tion levels. professionals continue to
Those breaches affected subtle colors (grey-green, • Improved reception-ar- thwart them with more ef-
54% of the U.S. population. pale blue, plain white) that ea privacy. To ensure that fective protocols.
The severity of this blend into the background reception desks are truly Architects must design
problem has prompted and are less noticeable to private, architects can use spaces with flexibility in
healthcare administrators visitors. On the other hand, virtual reality technology mind to allow healthcare
to seek innovative ways to visitor entrance doors and 3D modeling during administrators to keep up
prevent data theft and oth- should be bold in color to the planning stage to test with the latest data secu-
er cybersecurity breaches. attract the eye. for such factors as line of rity technological advance-
And more are turning to • Improved visibility and sight from every angle of ments and innovations.
experienced architects for eyes in the sky. Clear lines the space. For example, to meet
design expertise. Here’s of sight in common and • Reinforced protocols. a medical supply storage
how you can design for secure areas allow health- Architects build layers of need today, an architect
healthcare data security: care staff and security security into protected might design using flex-
• Balanced open and personnel to more quickly areas to encourage health- ible features, such as
secure areas. Architects identify an intrusion. Ad- care staff to follow proper wheeled shelving. That flex-
security protocols. For ible shelving can later be
example, not only should wheeled out to allow the
‘More healthcare facilities are using cloud the main entrance to an space to meet an IT need
IT space be locked, but in the future, such as an
storage to keep their data secure, but the the rooms inside that area office for an IT manager or
cloud presents security risks of its own.’ should also be secured.

These solutions won’t
to hold a larger air-condi-
tioning unit needed for an
— GEORGE VANGELATOS, HMC ARCHITECTS
prevent every security IT system upgrade.
breach or hacking incident, The transition can be
strive to create spaces ditional security features, but they can close common made easily and without
that are welcoming and such as cameras and mo- security loopholes and costly renovations. For
improve the overall patient tion sensors, should also offer additional protections example, designing a small
experience. However, creat- be implemented. for data storage systems. IT closet or security room
ing a more open facility • Enhanced check-in One of the greatest won’t strain a budget, but
means more vulnerability process. Upon arriving in obstacles that healthcare creating a security sys-
to data security breaches. the reception area, pa- sector administrators face tem for a facility can be
To prevent access to tients enter their informa- is implementing a security expensive. By coordinating
data storage and other tion into a data-secured system that accounts for with security contractors,
personnel-only areas, archi- kiosk surrounded by current and future needs. architects can stay well
tects must separate them privacy screens. No words For example, more health- within budget in order to
from community spaces are spoken, so there’s no care facilities are using meet client expectations.

IT’S NOT A TREND. IT’S A REVOLUTION.
Visit ZIPRevolution.com to learn how easy it is to make the switch.
© 2018 Huber Engineered Woods LLC. ZIP System, the accompanying ZIP System logo and design are trademarks of Huber Engineered Woods LLC.
Huber Engineered Woods’ ZIP System® products are covered by various patents. Please see ZIPSystem.com/Patents for details. HUB 17804 07/17
CIRCLE 760
| THINK TANK | By Amanda Carroll, IIDA, CID, LEED AP, Workplace Leader, Principal, Gensler
IT’S TIME FOR OFFICE AMENITIES

TO GET TO WORK
When we think of employees and their teams. comes to how and where service as in traditional
workplace Not all amenities are people do their best work. coffee shops in Italy. The
amenities, only the truly created equal, however. The Take, for example, the Café bar is where employ-
extraordinary or extremely most meaningful amenities work café. Compared to a ees gather for meals while
whimsical tend to stand out: are those that really speak breakroom or lounge, a work enjoying striking views of
the ping-pong tables, the to the business and the café borrows elements from New York City and Bry-
nap pods, the pinball employees’ expertise, while hospitality and co-working ant Park below. The office
machines, the chef-driven also offering a variety of spaces to offer a productive space also features the
lunches. workspaces and modes. environment, as well as a “Campari Academy,” which
While these kinds of Amenities with a non-work change of scenery from one’s serves as an innovation lab
office perks can be useful focus like lounges and break regular desk. According to our where master mixologists
signifiers of a company’s rooms only create a minor findings, having a variety of and visiting brand ambas-
culture and values, the ame- improvement in an employ- workspaces to choose from sadors can experiment and
nities that support effective ee’s experience at work— is directly connected to a create new craft cocktails.
work habits tend to go qui- and they have an even great workplace experience. The Boulevardier lounge,
etly unnoticed, despite their smaller impact on employee Likewise, an innovation with its nearly 100-year-
crucial contribution to the effectiveness. On the other hub or makerspace can of- old reclaimed wood bar,
office’s overall productivity. hand, employees who have fer employees the resources vintage chandelier, and
As the office landscape access to spaces designed they need to work in a hand-sketched portraits of
continues to evolve and for team collaboration, ad different mode. When you’re master bartenders, speaks
companies grant their em- hoc group meetings, or indi- a spirits company, installing specifically to Campari’s
ployees more freedom and vidual focus work reported a bar in your office might place in New York's cocktail
choice to work where they much higher effectiveness seem like an obvious way to culture and provides the
embrace the culture, but at ideal setting for more en-
Campari Group’s new North gaging business meetings.
‘Employees who have access to spaces American headquarters When evaluating which
in New York, four distinct workplace amenities are
designed for team collaboration, ad hoc bar-like experiences offer worth the investment,
more than just a place for there’s one key factor to re-
group meetings, or individual focus employees and guests to member: the most effective
work reported much higher effectiveness blow off steam.
In Campari’s completely
amenities aren’t designed
to escape work—they’re
and experience scores.’ open workplan, these spac-
es provide employees with
designed to support the
employees’ freedom to
— AMANDA CARROLL, IIDA, CID, LEED AP, GENSLER
an alternate setting away work where they like while
from their workstations and instilling them with a sense
like, our 2019 U.S. Work- and experience scores. conference rooms, while of pride in the company's
place Survey (tinyurl.com/ What’s more, we’re seeing fully immersing them, so to values, heritage, and future.
y5fxjwzo) research shows that choice itself can be an speak, in the brand.
that the amenities with the important amenity. What The Concierge bar, for
More insights from BD+C’s
greatest impact on effective- should be obvious now in instance, pulls double
40 AEC blog partners at
ness and experience are our work-everywhere culture duty as a reception area
BDCnetwork.com/Blogs
those that directly support is that there’s no one-size- where guests can enjoy
the work needs of individual fits-all solution when it an espresso with stand-up

CONSTRAINED.
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CIRCLE 761
TOP
2018 101
P ROD U C TS
®
CIRCLE 762
| TRENDSETTING PROJECTS | By David Malone, Associate Editor
COMING SOON! THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE’S

FIRST PURPOSE-BUILT ESPORTS ARENA
POPULOUS
Continuing to prove they to be built in the heart of include a variety of seat- 6,000-sf public entry will
are not just a fad like boy the Philadelphia Sports ing options, such as two greet guests and will include
bands and furbies, eSports Complex, will seat 3,500. balcony bars, club seats 2,000 sf of interactive
are here to stay. If their ex- It will be the home of the with USB ports, flexible media surface hovering 30
plosive growth over the past Philadelphia Fusion eSports large boxes, and exclusive feet in the air.
few years wasn’t enough franchise, one of 20 interna- suites. Nearly 10,000 sf Industrial materials are
to prove this, we now have tional teams competing in will be dedicated to a train- incorporated throughout
more evidence in the Popu- the Overwatch League. ing facility, broadcast stu- to pay homage to Phila-
lous-designed Fusion Arena, The arena will feature dio, and team offices. delphia’s heritage as “the
the first new-construction, 60,000 sf of new construc- The arena’s exterior will workshop of the world.”
purpose-built eSports arena tion that will begin this feature a dynamic skin The eSports complex
in the Western Hemisphere. summer. The technologi- that draws its inspiration is slated to open in early
The $50 million facility, cally advanced arena will from gaming hardware. A 2021.

Sunbrella is a registered trademark of Glen Raven, Inc.
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Grand Prize Winner
and building design with concepts that included
Building Shade
new, sustainable uses for old structures. Arman Hadilou
United States
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CIRCLE 764
| TRENDSETTING PROJECTS |
COURTESY CHARU KOKATE, SAFDIE ARCHITECTS

FIRST PHOTOS:
INSIDE SINGAPORE’S
NEARLY COMPLETED
JEWEL CHANGI
AIRPORT ADDITION
With features like an indoor
forest, the world’s tallest
indoor waterfall, treetop
walking trails, gathering
spaces, and a galleria that
will feature more than 280
retail and food and bever-
age outlets and a 130-room
hotel, the 1.4 million-sf
Jewel Changi Airport addi-
tion will create a new model
for airport amenities. down seven stories from a which results in a nearly col- suspended catenary glass-
The core of Jewel is the central open oculus in the umn-free interior. The roof’s bottomed bridge walk, a
Forest Valley, a terraced domed roof. The waterfall geometry is based on a planted hedge maze, a
indoor landscape that will will have nightly light shows semi-inverted, donut-shaped topiary walk, horticultural
feature walking trails and that integrate sound and pro- toroid with the waterfall at displays, and an event plaza
seating areas among more jections from 360 degrees its center. for 1,000.
than 200 species of plants. around the Vortex. Canopy Park, located Safdie Architects (de-
The Forest Valley will also The steel-and-glass struc- on the fifth level, will have signer), BuroHappold Engi-
feature the world’s tallest ture of the roof spans more 150,000 sf of attractions neering (building structure
indoor rain-fed waterfall, than 650 feet at its widest within the garden spaces, and façades), and Mott
dubbed The Rain Vortex. The point and uses only intermit- such as net structures sus- MacDonald (MEP) formed
Rain Vortex will shower water tent supports in the garden, pended within the trees, a the project team.
COURTESY LMN ARCHITECTS
THE BILL & MELINDA GATES and physical connections to all the floors
CENTER FOR COMPUTER and acts as the school’s central hub.
SCIENCE & ENGINEERING At the roof-level, an event center will
OPENS ON THE UNIVERSITY support a wide range of educational
OF WASHINGTON CAMPUS needs, industry collaborations, and out-
Since its founding in 2003, the Univer- reach functions. A café activates the
sity of Washington’s Paul G. Allen School primary entry and serves as a transition
of Computer Science and Engineering between the exterior landscape and
program steadily outgrew its 165,000-sf the central atrium.
building and was in desperate need of The exterior features a two-sided
more space. curving form that responds to the site’s
Enter the Bill & Melinda Gates Center topography and the flow of campus cir-
for Computer Science & Engineering. Designed by LMN Architects, culation. The façade, which consists of terra cotta panels in four
the 140,000-sf facility adds research spaces, classrooms and lec- texture types, acts as a juxtaposition against the modern black
ture spaces, faculty offices, and a new home for the Allen School’s glass and metal.
undergraduate majors. A central, naturally lit atrium provides visual The project is targeting LEED Silver for New Construction.

CIRCLE 765
| TRENDSETTING PROJECTS |
DBOX FOR FOSTER + PARTNERS

A TULIP IS READY TO
BLOOM IN LONDON
London already has an Eye,
a Gherkin, and a Cheese
Grater. Now, the City of
London has approved plans
for the Tulip.
Designed by Foster +
Partners (designers of the
Gherkin), the Tulip will rise
1,001 feet and be a new
cultural and tourist attrac-
tion meant to build public
engagement within the City
of London and enhance the
Gherkin’s public offering.
Viewing galleries at the
top of the Tulip will include
sky bridges, internal glass
slides, and gondola pod
rides on the building’s fa-
çade. Interactive materials
and expert guides will en-
hance the experience for visi-
tors and provide information above the city. An educa- will be a pocket park along- will be removed to improve
about the history of London. tion facility at the top of side a two-story pavilion public access to the re-
A sky bar and restau- the Tulip will offer learning with a publicly accessible vamped site.
rants with 360-degree opportunities for London’s rooftop garden. Half of the Construction is expected
views will give visitors a state school children. perimeter walls around the to begin in 2020 with com-
place to eat and drink high At the ground level, there already completed Gherkin pletion in 2025.
COURTESY PHIPPS CONSERVATORY AND BOTANICAL GARDENS
was the first and only project to receive SITES 2009 Pilot Four
Star certification.
The center was built over a previously documented brownfield
with the goal of restoring the site. Since 2012, the project has
successfully reintroduced 100 native plant species to the sur-
rounding area. The building is net-zero energy and net-zero water
thanks to its PV solar panels, a wind turbine, and a system for
capturing and treating all water on site for reuse.
The new SITES v2 Rating System builds off the 2009 pilot cer-
THIS IS THE WORLD’S FIRST SUSTAINABLE tification. SITES certified projects are better equipped to with-
SITES INITIATIVE V2 PLATINUM PROJECT stand catastrophic events like floods, droughts, and wildfires.
The Center for Sustainable Landscapes at the Phipps Conserva- They reduce water and energy demand, improve air quality, and
tory and Botanical Gardens in Pittsburgh, Pa., recently became promote human well-being.
the first certified Sustainable SITES Initiative v2 Platinum SITES is owned and administered by Green Business Certification
project in the world. The building originally opened in 2012 and Inc. Certification is based on a point system.

CIRCLE 766
SPECIAL REPORT >
NAARO
9 projects that push the limits

of architectural design, space
planning, and material innovation.
BY JOHN CAULFIELD, SENIOR EDITOR
2019
DESIGN
INNOVATION
REPORT
Building façades that double as public art installations. Welcome to the 2019 edition of BD+C’s Design
Mega-scale “superlabs” that facilitate learning, teach- Innovation Report, an annual compilation of
ing, and ideating at mass scale. High-rise elevators that projects, trends, initiatives, and teams that are
put on a show for thrill seekers. Google’s coolest office pushing the limits of architectural design, space
project to date. An experimental hotel room that will planning, and material innovation.
allow occupants to finally get some darn sleep! Enjoy!

COURTESY SOLOMON CORDWELL BUENZ
1| OBSERVATION DECKS RISE ABOVE IT ALL
The popularity and revenue potential of observation decks never
wane. Next year, the tallest outdoor deck in the Western Hemi-
sphere is scheduled to open at Hudson Yards, the massive redevelopment
in New York. Dubbed Edge, the 7,500-sf triangular deck will extend 65 feet
from the 100th floor of 30 Hudson, more than 1,100 feet above ground.
Fast Company recently reported on the completion of The Crystal, a
glass-covered sky bridge 850 feet above street level that connects four
skyscrapers in Chongqing, China.
In Chicago—already home to 875 North Michigan Avenue’s 1,030-foot 360
Chicago deck; and Skydeck at the 103rd floor of Willis Tower, which draws
more than 1.7 million tourists annually—construction should start later this
year on a glass-sheathed elevator being added to an outside corner of the
83-story Aon Center, the city’s third-tallest building (pictured). This Solomon
Cordwell Buenz-designed elevator will transport passengers 1,100 vertical
feet in under one minute to a new $185 million rooftop observatory that pro-
vides panoramic views of Lake Michigan, Millennium Park, and the Loop.
To open the vista from floors 82 and 83, two of every three columns
will be removed from the façade. The observatory will include a thrill ride
called Sky Summit, a pod on the side of the roof that pivots up and out,
and whose floor electronically changes from solid to glass. The observa-
tory is expected to attract two million visitors and generate $30 million in
revenue annually after it’s completed in 2021. Its Building Team includes
the Hettema Group (designer), MKA (SE), and Cosentini Associates (ME).

> 2019
STANTEC
DESIGN INNOVATION REPORT
2|
CONVERTING A
TRAVELER’S NIGHTMARE
TO SWEET DREAMS
A 2016 Consumer Reports survey found that
68% of Americans struggle with sleep at least
once a week. Insomnia can be especially acute
for people who travel: Brown University research-
HDR
ers theorize that travelers don’t sleep soundly

because one side of their brain forgoes sleep to
act as a “night watch” capable of alerting them
to potential dangers.
To address this predicament, the YOTEL hotel
chain initiated a program to test a pilot hotel room
in Boston called the Dream Cabin. Stantec de-
signed the room in collaboration with Stack + Co.
and circadian lighting experts. Combining neurosci-
ence and IoT technology, the room incorporates
the correct spectrum and intensity of light to help
alert the brain in the morning or prepare the brain
for sleep at night. The room sets temperature
levels to optimize the sleep process, and makes
adjustments if it senses restlessness. The guest
needs only to enter their desired wake-up time on
a tablet and the hotel room does the rest.
In late 2018, the Dream Cabin project received
ethical approval from a third-party scientific com-
mittee to move forward. Control group sleep stud-
ies began earlier this year.

RENZO PIANO BUILDING WORKSHOP AND GENSLER
4| WINDOWS OF
OPPORTUNITY
Glass remains an es-
sential element for many building
types. JLL reported last year that
the façades of eight of the top 10
skyscrapers in the world are mostly
glass. There is inherent beauty as-
sociated with glass structures that
blur the inside and outside worlds.
And there seems to be fewer aes-
thetic and technical limitations to
what glass can accommodate.
Cases in point are two BuroHap-
pold Engineering projects: the first is
the Renzo Piano Building Workshop-
designed, $388 million Academy Mu-
seum of Motion Pictures in Los Ange-
les, scheduled to open later this year
(pictured). The standout feature of
its theater addition is an orb-shaped,
3| THE NEXT-GEN RESEARCH LAB

IS A COLLABORATIVE SPACE
The R&D environment is being reinvented as a tech-driven
place where innovation is harvested. “When you go into a lab now, you
see banks of machines, with researchers who go in and set the ma-
150-foot-diameter glass dome. The
theater is supported by four mega-
columns and is seismically isolated
from the ground by eight base isola-
tors set 15 feet above grade. Those
chines and then go back to an office to analyze the results that come isolators allow the 125-foot-high
through,” writes Glenn Crocker, Head of Life Sciences with JLL UK. sphere, which weighs 350 tons, to
One example of this shift is the Life, Earth and Environmental Sciences move up to 30 inches in any direc-
Building (LEES1), which opened in March on the University of Sydney’s tion during an earthquake.
Camperdown campus in Australia. This eight-story building provides about The second example is the 1.4
107,600 sf of research and teaching space, including four “Superlabs” million-sf mixed-use Jewel Changi
that facilitate learning, teaching, and idea exchange for larger groups, and Airport addition in Singapore, which
for potentially running multiple sessions simultaneously. opened in April (see page 24). That
The HDR-designed Superlabs are located on LEES1’s lower levels, building is covered by a translucent,
in line with an outside canopy of heritage fig trees, while the build- 650-foot-diameter ovoid-shaped
ing’s research labs are located on the upper levels, above that canopy. gridshell roof made up of more
Superlabs provide greater efficiency because of their generally contigu- than 9,300 glass panels, 40,000
ous, albeit large, spaces. This second integration of Superlabs on the steel beams, and 6,000 connecting
university’s campus—the first, four years ago, was within its Charles nodes. Designed by Moshe Safdie,
Perkins Research Center—opened with improved technology and active the roof weighs 6,000 tons.
acoustic controls.

> 2019
CONNIE ZHOU, COURTESY ZGF

RKT&B
5| GOOGLE CHANNELS
HOWARD HUGHES
In the 1940s, the eccentric industrialist
Howard Hughes built the H-4 Hercules, a 219-foot-
long, all-wood-body “flying boat” that was nicknamed
“The Spruce Goose.” Currently, that plane rests at
Oregon’s Evergreen Aviation Museum. And since
2016, Google has leased the hangar in Playa Vista,
Calif., where the plane was constructed.
Google retained ZGF Architects to convert that
seven-story 750-foot-long hangar—at one time the
largest wood building in the world—into a four-story,
450,000-sf “building within a building” that takes
modern office design to a different maximalist level.
6| STACKING THE DECK
Adding height to existing structures is dicey, especially
when they’re inhabited. For the construction of One Sul-
livan Place, a 12-story residential building in Brooklyn, N.Y., RKT&B
proposed a solution that its architect, Peter Bafitis, AIA, says would
Completed last September, the reconstruction have minimized commotion for local residents. One Sullivan Place’s
includes generous spaces for work, meetings, events owner also owns two existing six-story apartment buildings on the
and amenities. The first three floors are connected same block. To build a taller structure on top of these would have
by “boardwalks.” Skylights let in natural sunlight. The been highly disruptive; it might even have meant relocating the
all-wood spine that supports the building’s ceiling tenants for a while. What RKT&B proposed instead, explains Bafitis,
was deconstructed and rebuilt with noncombustible was constructing a new six-story structure on an adjacent lot that
materials that were then reclad with refurbished would provide one end of a 200-ft-long structural bridge to “leap”
wood panels. Workplaces on open floor plates en- over the existing buildings, with new circulation/stair elements
gage “strategically” with that spine, which includes providing the balance of structural support. In this scenario, tenants
collaborative and café areas. could stay in place while four new cantilevered residential floors with
The GC on the project, MATT Construction, de- dramatic exposed trusses were built above, without actually touch-
scribed working within a dynamic design environment ing the existing buildings. The owner ultimately chose to save money
where evolving ideas were weighed against cost and and time by cantilevering part of the new tower over the adjacent
schedule well into the first half of construction. The apartment buildings. But Bafitis is convinced that RKT&B’s idea is
project’s complexity included running six miles of worth pursuing for future urban renovations and reconstructions.
conduit underground around 1,500 piles. (Trimble
Consulting managed the BIM process.)

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CIRCLE 767
DESIGN INNOVATION REPORT > 2019
PETERSEN ALUMINUM
NAARO
HMC ARCHITECTS
7| PUBLIC ART ON
A GRAND SCALE
The elusive combination of
form and function is achieved at several
MCR DEVELOPMENT
recently completed buildings whose
colorful façades elevate their designs
above the pedestrian.
Wanderwall (above, left) is one of the
largest public art pieces in North Caro-
lina. Designed by Marc Fornes/Thevery-
many, it reimagines an exterior wall of the
Stonewell Station parking garage along
Interstate 277 in Charlotte. The eight-sto-
ry skin, which hangs as one continuous
piece on the building, is composed of
5,768 folded-aluminum parts in several
8|
colors. The façade’s swirling pattern
ADAPTING TO NEW REALITIES
looks differently from various distances.
Shuttered coal yards and steel mills. Derelict warehouses.
The 53,000-sf Moving Everest Charter
Fallow factories. Extraneous retail stores. These are but some
School in Chicago’s Austin neighborhood
of the building types past their expiration dates that have been ripe for
(above, right, top) is clad with 16,000 sf
adaptive reuse that transforms them into something more current and
of corrugated metal panels. One third of
profitable, and revitalizes surrounding communities. Add to this list of
the panels are perforated and installed to
bold reinventions the conversion of TWA Flight Center at JFK International
expose large images of students printed
Airport in New York into a 512-key TWA Hotel, slated to open later this
onto the aluminum composite materi-
year. The Flight Center, designed by Eero Saarinen, dates back to 1962,
als. This was Team A’s (the building’s
but had been closed since 2001. The redevelopment is a public-private
designer) first use of Petersen Aluminum
partnership with MCR Development, JetBlue, and the Port Authority of
corrugated materials.
New York and New Jersey. When completed, two low-rise hotel structures
The exterior of the six-story parking
will flank each side of the terminal, 200,000 sf of which will serve as
structure (above, right, bottom) for the
the hotel’s lobby. TWA Hotel will include six restaurants and eight bars
HMC Architects-designed Martin Luther
(one of them inside the fuselage of a old Lockheed Constellation jet),
King, Jr. Outpatient Center in South Los
a 10,000-sf observation deck, and 50,000 sf of conference and event
Angeles is adorned with an installation by
spaces. The team includes three architectural firms—Lubrano Ciavarra,
Rob Ley. It is comprised of thousands of
Beyer Blinder Belle, and INC Architecture + Design. Turner is the GC.
painted, bent aluminum panels that, from
afar, resemble an intricate mosaic.

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CIRCLE 768
> 2019
ZGF ARCHITECTS
STANTEC
STANTEC
working with Stantec

on the replacement of its
42-year-old Powell Boulevard
42-ye
bus garage with a larger maintenance
and operations faci
facility that could accom-
modate 50% more buses (renderings above,
left). Stantec’s des
design imagined (metaphori-
cally, at least) a tre
treehouse in a dense forest.
9| UP A TREE (HOUSE)
Twelve national forests cover
nearly a quarter of Oregon’s land
mass. So it’s probably not surprising when
trees and woods resonate thematically in the
Employees would a approach the building via
a trail built over sto
stormwater swales. The
entrance staircase leads to the second
level—the “treehou
“treehouse”—made from natural
materials. That floooor’s great room, where driv-
designs of buildings there
there. ers hang out betwe
between shifts, would revolve
When the tech company Expensify ex- around a kitchen, and include fitness and
panded to Portland a few years back, it hired conference rooms.
ZGF Architects to design the renovation of the A garden patio provides employees with
historic First National Bank Building for its of- outdoor access, while a rooftop garden offers
fices (above, right). A centerpiece of that four- views of Mt. Hood. All told, the 16.7-acre
story, 17,300-sf project, which was completed site will have a new 123,240-sf maintenance
in December 2017, is a 40-foot-tall, 100-ton building and 16,000-sf Fuel & Wash Building,
freestanding structural steel conference room along with parking for employees and busses.
tower with two glass-enclosed workspaces The $100 million project is scheduled
on the second floor. Known as the treehouse, for completion in May 2022. The team also
this aluminum-clad structure is supported by includes Convergence Architecture, David
6,000-lb steel beams. Evans and Associates (SE/CE), Glumac (ME/
TriMet, Portland’s transit agency, has been PE), and JE Dunn (GC).

CIRCLE 769
MARKET SECTOR REPORT | For its master plan of the 43-acre, transit-
COURTESY CBT ARCHITECTS

oriented Cambridge Crossing redevelopment in
Boston, which eventually will include 4.5 million
sf of vertical construction, CBT Architects took
into account what that area’s long-term traffi c
and parking needs might be. (The master plan
included 97 dedicated bike lanes.)
REAL ESTATE
LEARNS TO SHARE
The sharing economy puts a different spin on new construction and building operations.
U
BY JOHN CAULFIELD, SENIOR EDITOR These same executives, though, acknowledge that
something is going on out there that is redrawing
BER. AMAZON. AIRBNB. WEWORK. COMMON. design and construction parameters.
These are some of the prominent brands These influences vary by building type and mani-
and business platforms that have come to fest themselves in different ways. For example,
define the “shared” or “gig” economy in the Thousand Oaks High School in California recently
U.S. and beyond. They are reflections of and completed the transformation of its 4,500-sf library
responses to societal and behavioral changes in into a Perkins Eastman–designed Learning Center
the ways that people want to live, work, and play. that “is like Starbucks without coffee,” say two of
Their success is linked inextricably to the ubiquity of the firm’s Principals, Brian Dougherty, FAIA, LEED
mobile tools that connect users to the Internet that, AP; and Betsy Olenick Dougherty. The Learning Cen-
as one AEC firm put it, “is the circulation system of ter is “energized” with nonstop music and strong
the shared economy.” bandwidth. The space’s lighting, acoustics, and
As this economy evolves and expands, the built tools (it includes 3D printers) are completely differ-
environment plays catch-up. Indeed, some AEC ent from a traditional library’s, and the librarian now
executives still view this evolution through a narrow serves as a facilitator and mentor.
framing of “collaborative spaces” and transparency. In Lowell, Mass., Maugel Architects designed

CHUCK CHOI
the 100,000-sf Boott Mills office building (which
includes labs on its third floor) with large, flexible
conference spaces that all tenants can share.
On a grander scale, Sidewalk Labs, an Alphabet-
owned company, is developing a 12-acre neighbor-
hood, called Quayside, southeast of Toronto, whose
objectives include creating a destination for people,
companies, startups, and local organizations “to ad-
vance solutions to the challenges facing cities, such
as energy use, housing affordability, and transporta-
tion,” according to the project’s website.
“I think [the shared economy] is having a bigger
impact than most people realize,” says Rhett Crock-
er, President of LandDesign, a Charlotte, N.C.-based
urban design, planning, and civil engineering firm.
Before Crocker spoke with BD+C in mid-March, he great disruptors,” says Wrigley.
had a conversation with a client about developing The following looks at how the shared economy CBT Architects conducted a
pickup and drop-off areas for car-sharing services is affecting design and construction of nonresi- parking study for a Boston-
area mixed-use development.
and the city’s popular bike- and scooter-sharing pro- dential and multifamily buildings. For some types, The diagram below compares
grams. (Since the city launched its electric scooter it’s still just conjecture; for others, the shared conventional parking with a
program in May 2018, monthly ridership has ranged economy is fundamentally altering the game. parking-stacker model that
includes one example where
from 83,000 to 139,000 trips, according to the “It’s not so much about changing the physical in- the model is flexible enough
Charlotte Department of Transportation.) Crocker frastructure as it is about changing the operational to be reprogrammed. At
notes that some existing drop-offs have become structure,” says Kishore Varanasi, AISP, Principal, 10 Farnsworth (above), a
nine-unit residential building
little social hubs in their own right. Director of Urban Design with CBT Architects. incorporates a two-level
Ben Wrigley, AIA, Principal with Solomon Cordwell semi-automated parking
Buenz (SCB) in San Francisco, has also seen more 1. LOBBIES LAY OUT THE WELCOME MAT stacker system (at grade) to
leverage that space for other
scooter traffic buzzing around his city. “With no mar- Lobbies are where people form their first impres- potential uses such as retail.
keting, no instruction, younger people just seemed sions of buildings. But lobbies have also tended
to know what to do.” to isolate tenants and guests from the general
That spontaneity and unpredictability about where public and community. The advent of the shared
the shared economy is headed next have left AEC economy is changing that.
firms and their clients scratching their heads over CBT does a lot of multifamily and office design,
formulating strategies. “Not only are these activities and Varanasi has noticed that lobbies in newer
hard to control, but the people who are successful buildings are more adaptable to include popup retail
at this pride themselves as guerrilla businesses and installations for temporary tenants.
CONVENTIONAL PARKING PARKING
CBT ARCHITECTS
PARKING STACKERS FUTURE PROOF
CONFIGURATION SCENARIO
MIXED-USE PROJECT SAME PROJECT PROGRAM AND SIZE, REDUCED PARKING AND RETAIL SPACE
MORE PARKING CONNECTED TO RESIDENTIAL

MARKET SECTOR REPORT |
COURTESY LANDDESIGN
The co-working fi rm
Spaces is among the
fi rst tenants at Deep
Ellum, an entertain-
ment district in Dallas
that Asana Partners is
redeveloping to bring
a variety of uses to a
growing residential
population by tapping
into the urban industri-
al character of the site
with a fresh design.
“Lobbies are now designed to welcome everyone,” getting around town on bikes. He’s also noticed
says Sharon Bilbeisi, AIA, Associate Principal with some street parking in Brooklyn is reserved for car-
Forrest Perkins. This is evident in hotel lobbies that sharing services.
are closely aligned with their venue’s food and bever- There’s no question that the automobile has lost
age program. Forrest Perkins recently repositioned some of its cachet as a symbol of individual mobility.
the lobby at the Fairmont Hotel in Washington, D.C., New vehicle sales actually rose slightly in the U.S.
by moving the bar “front and center,” and creating last year. But some 48 million Americans also used
“gathering zones” with varying sizes and privacy Uber’s services—which now include food delivery
levels, says Bilbeisi. and business transportation—at least once in 2018.
Even though Uber and Lyft continue to lose money,
2. MANAGING THE PACKAGE DELUGE demand for their services raises questions about the
Lobbies sometimes double as repositories for de- future of car ownership and parking requirements.
livered packages. But with online shopping account- “We are asking clients, ‘How are you developing for
ing for 14% of total retail sales last year, the sheer how people view cars in their lives?’” says SCB’s
volume of deliveries is overwhelming them. Con- Wrigley. He notes that cities like San Francisco
sequently, designs for new buildings often include “have moved from minimum parking requirements to
larger areas for package receipt and storage. maximum parking requirements.” And while some de-
Mark Pelletier, AIA, Principal with Maugel Archi- velopers still need convincing about reducing parking
tects, says his firm is designing three apartment for their buildings, “they also realize they may have
buildings that take into consideration more space for too much, and that expense, if saved, could be used
deliveries. His firm has looked at a number of pack- for something else in the building.”
age management systems, including Package Valet, SCB is working on a project in Oakland, Calif.,
and estimates that such systems require a 10x12- where the owner had developed a residential high-
foot room for every eight apartments. rise with 400 units, five stories over parking. The
John Cetra, Founding Principal with CetraRuddy developer concluded that it couldn’t afford that build-
Architects, is also seeing more space being allocated ing, and SCB came up with an alternative that, says
for packages. In places like New York, where curbside Wrigley, required only about one-fifth of the garage
parking is limited, his firm’s designs “try to make it space by relying on mechanized parking for storage.
easier for couriers to get in and out of buildings.” Developers and their AEC partners are inves-
But such access must also be coupled, for security tigating how parking garages can become some-
reasons, with service staff or an automated way to thing else if the need for parking diminishes. CBT
receive packages when tenants aren’t present. Architects recently conducted a study for a Boston-
based mixed-use development, which showed how
3. CAR SHARING AND ‘FUTUREPROOFING’ a conventional parking garage could save space by
PARKING STRUCTURES using mechanized stackers that, if parking needs
Cetra has noticed more couriers and residents changed, could be removed and replaced with

CIRCLE 770
different programming, such as retailing or ameni- leasing. One of these is 433 Broadway in Manhat-
ties for the building (see diagram, page 39). tan’s SoHo district, a six-story building that owner
One such example of future-proofing parking Omani Properties opened a few years ago. The
garages can be found at 10 Farnsworth, a new, building’s 100x125-foot floorplates accommodate
nine-unit residential building in Boston’s Fort Point workstations that range from 90 to 350 sf. Each of
neighborhood, which incorporates an at-grade two- the working floors has its own courtyard. Cubico, a
level semiautomated parking stacker system that creative shared workspace, is the building’s primary
can fit 10 cars within a fraction tenant among the 120 companies leasing space.
of a normal footprint. This solu- RTK+B designed this building, and two of its
The spontaneity and tion allows the building owner to architects, Peter Bafitis and Carmi Bee, explain that
unpredictability about leverage the parking space for

other potential future uses, like
ground-up construction allowed for greater flexibility
when it came to running systems through the build-
where the shared ground-floor retail or even more
apartments.
ing, and positioning interior columns to optimize
floor space for different-size rentable workspaces.
economy is headed Varanasi cautions, however,
that variables which could affect 5. CO-LIVING POPULATES BOTH COASTS
next have left AEC firms parking in the future—most spe- For those who view co-living as a commune-hippie-
scratching their heads. cifically, autonomous vehicles—

“are changing every day.” That
student-hostel-European concept, you might want
to rethink your perceptions. The number of people
unpredictability had to be factored willing to share living quarters with strangers is
into CBT’s master plan for Cambridge Crossing, a 43- expanding in several of America’s largest cities.
acre, 20-block transit-oriented neighborhood in East Last October, a leading co-living brand, Starcity,
Cambridge, Mass., with 4.5 million sf of planned announced plans to open more than 1,000 units
commercial, retail, and residential space. in San Francisco and San Jose. Another expanding
brand, Common, in March entered into a strategic
4. CO-WORKING CATCHES ON alliance with Proper Development on a $100 million
Last year, Pelletier of Maugel Architects hired an plan to build seven buildings with 600 beds in Los
intern. After a week anchored to a desk, the intern Angeles over the next two to three years. That same
asked, “Do I have to sit here?” The next day, he month, WeWork’s WeLive division hired a former
came into the office with a beanbag and laptop. “He Google exec to launch a “future cities project,” to
did a ton of work for us after that,” says Pelletier. address problems caused by globalization, urbaniza-
The point of this anecdote is that there’s no tell- tion, and climate change. The company’s Co-founder
ing how people want to work, which is why office de- Adam Neumann says WeLive “wants to build a world
sign places a premium on creating flexible spaces where no one is alone.”
that let employees find their own comfort zones. The East Coast is being infiltrated by co-living
This new work ethic has spurred the rise in co- companies such as U.K.-based The Collective, which
working spaces, led by WeWork, which in eight years plans to open its first U.S. location in either Brooklyn
has grown from one location in SoHo, N.Y., to be- or Queens, N.Y., and is also looking for locations in
coming the single-largest private occupier of space Boston and Chicago. The Collective’s U.S. expan-
in London, Washington, D.C., and Manhattan. At the sion will follow its “Old Oak” model in London, which
end of 2018, WeWork had 400,000 members work- favors smaller (150- to 250-sf) units with large com-
ing at 400 locations in 99 cities in 26 countries. munal spaces on each floor. Germany-based Medici
The company has expanded its portfolio to include Living Group, which markets its co-living buildings
event planning and management, startup incuba- under the Quarters brand, has units in New York and
tion, and education. Chicago, and intends to spend $300 million over the
Demand has spawned a host of other co-working next three years to add 1,300 rooms in U.S. cities
companies—with names like Impact Hub, Your Alley, with large pools of tech workers.
Knotel, and District Cowork—vying for the growing Co-living “is a word that’s used at the start of ev-
number of businesses and employees seeking this ery conversation” he has with multifamily clients,
kind of workplace alternative. says SCB’s Wrigley. Despite the “huge service
Most co-working locations are adaptive reuses management costs associated with it,” demand
of existing buildings. But there are some examples for co-living is changing what’s acceptable in
of new construction that are specifically for co-work residential high rises. “I’m seeing apartments I’ve

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COURTESY STANTEC
lease space to travelers. Over the

past decade, more than 400 million
guests have booked accommoda-
tions through Airbnb.
“Airbnb has totally disrupted the
hospitality sector,” says Shawn
Basler, Co-CEO and Hospitality Prac-
tice leader at Perkins Eastman. It
has spawned competition, and has
caused hotel chains to reconsider
their products and services. To com-
pete with Airbnb and its ilk, hotel
chains are emphasizing “authentic
never se
seen before: four experiences” that connect their venues and guests
bedrooms, two baths in
bedroo to local lifestyles, arts, and cuisine.
downtown urban One example is The Hoxton, a 175-key boutique
markets. It’s like hotel that opened in the Williamsburg section of
an intersection of Brooklyn, N.Y., last December. Perkins Eastman’s
a dorm room and design features “lots of public space that embraces
apartmen says Wrigley.
apartment,” the community,” says Basler, including terraces and
One of the roadblocks to courtyards, and a rooftop bar with views across
building co-living a
apartments has Manhattan. The hotel’s dining area opens to the
been zoning that requires
requ minimal unit bar, which opens to the outdoors. “The whole thing
sizes. The City of Boston,
Boston under its Com- becomes activated as a community space,” where
pact Urban Living pilot, has been testing different locals and guests intermingle, says Basler.
apartment-size guidelines, which Stantec helped the
Mayor’s office design, according to Aeron Hodges, a THE FUTURE WILL BE ABOUT
Stantec recently
Stantec Associate. BRINGING PEOPLE TOGETHER
worked with the city
of Boston to develop Stantec’s Chicago office worked with Medici Living No one can say for certain where the shared econo-
an “urban housing on its 14-unit co-living building in Chicago’s Fulton my is headed. Peripatetic Millennials, for whom this
unit” as part of the
Market neighborhood. And to help Boston gather economy seems tailor made, continue to be some-
city’s testing of dif-
ferent size apartment input from local residents about the acceptability of what inscrutable when it comes to pinning down their
guidelines. The unit, smaller apartments and communal living, Stantec work and lifestyle patterns. And as is the case with
around 400 sf, could
built a 385-sf, one-bedroom mockup on wheels that almost every big trend, pushback against this tide is
possibly be a model
for a pod that’s part it showed to more than 2,000 people in six neigh- inevitable, although it is just as likely that the shared
of a co-living apart- borhoods. Hodges says the feedback about this economy will simply flow into the mainstream.
ment. Stantec showed
unit found people willing to share certain things— It isn’t clear yet, either, how developers will
this unit to more than
2,000 people in six workspaces, kitchens, bike storage, appliances— respond if the shared economy becomes the norm.
neighborhoods. but less willing to share others, like bathrooms. Some will see it as a threat to the status quo, and
Hodges notes that most co-living brands have yet panic. But other developers and building owners will
to crack the affordability code. And she thinks this ride this wave to new shorelines where customers
lifestyle model will be harder to pull off in less- elect to hang out.
dense markets. But Hodges also suggests that Some developers and their AEC partners are
co-living could be attractive in markets near urban already creating new hangouts where people can
cores that don’t already have social hubs. share experiences. LandDesign in Charlotte has
been working on turning old shopping malls into
6. ‘AUTHENTIC’ IS THE NEW REFRAIN what Crocker, its President, calls “mini cities,”
Since it launched in 2008, Airbnb, the online with restaurants, retail, and high-density office and
marketplace and hospitality service, has turned residential buildings. The offices sometimes include
the hotel industry upside down. The San Francisco- co-working spaces.
based company currently has more than six million These projects, says Crocker, are becoming “mini
listings in 81,000 cities and 191 countries. Many hubs.” And in a shared economy, that’s not a bad
of these listings are private homes whose owners place to be.+

CIRCLE 772
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CIRCLE 773
K-12 SCHOOLS |
BKL E TURE
L ARCHITEC
TEC
T
In Chicago’s Lakeshore East neighborhood, GEMS World Acad-
TALL emy Middle-Upper School, designed by bKL Architecture, is ris-

ing 13 stories. The building is set back 25 feet from the street to
allow in more natural light, and features an 8,000-sf artificial turf
recreation area that doubles as outdoor classroom and gathering
space for its students. Its Building Team includes WSP (SE), WMA
Consulting Engineers (MEP/FP), Mackie Consultants (CE), Wolff
SCHOOLS, Landscape Architecture, and Power Construction (GC).
BY JOHN CAULFIELD, SENIOR EDITOR
TIGHT T
HIS FALL, GEMS World Academy Middle-
Upper School is scheduled to open in
Chicago. This 13-story, 213,000-sf school
for grades 6-12 would be among the lat-
est—and tallest—of the multilevel urban
SPACES elementary and secondary schools that have been

springing up around the country.
Vertical schools “are becoming more common-
place, even outside of urban areas,” says Sean
O’Donnell, AIA, Principal with Perkins Eastman’s
Washington, D.C., office, whom BD+C interviewed
Giving students access to the outdoors with Christine Schlendorf, AIA, LEED AP, a Principal in
requires considerable creativity. the firm’s New York office.
One of Perkins Eastman’s newer school projects,
which it designed in collaboration with Wilson Butler
Architects, is the $124.5 million, 153,500-sf Boston
Arts Academy. Upon completion in 2021, it will re-

K-12 SCHOOLS |
‘
‘Multilevel schools are
a balancing act that
weighs the cost of land
place a 121,000-sf school that was
a 1998 adaptive reuse of a 1920s-
era post office warehouse. The
new five-story academy is located
across the street from Fenway Park
on less than one acre of land.
O’Donnell says that verti-
the lot, so it’s not directly parallel to surrounding
buildings, says Lynne Sorkin, AIA, Director and Edu-
cation Practice Leader for bKL Architecture, which de-
signed this building as well as the adjacent 10-story
GEMS World Academy Lower School.
The five-story Clark Avenue School in Boston—a
5th to 8th grade drama-focused feeder for Chelsea
against the growing cal schools are a realization by High School that’s scheduled to open this fall—will
school districts and developers have stairs that are “light-filled, wide, with colors,
demand from families that the acreage needed for one- and welcoming,” says Lori Cowles, a Principal with
moving back into cities’ or two-story urban schools built

horizontally either isn’t available
HMFH Architects, the school’s designer.
Stairs play an important role in taller school’s
— TODD FERKING, AIA, DLR GROUP
or is too expensive to justify circulation strategies. Perkins Eastman’s Schlendorf
academic construction, which spoke about the 10-story Avenues, a pre-K-12 school
must compete for land with booming office and in New York City, whose judicious use of “conve-
healthcare sectors and tax-generating districts for nience stairs” helps connect students on various
innovation, science, and entertainment. floors, says Schlendorf.
“Multilevel schools are a balancing act” that Providing that kind of transparency for students is
weighs the cost of land against the growing demand now a central feature of taller school design. Another
from families moving back into cities, says Todd Ferk- of HMFH’s projects is the six-story Arlington (Mass.)
ing, AIA, Principal with DLR Group in Seattle. His firm High School, whose design called for large open
recently made proposals to that city’s officials for a interior spaces that allow students to see more of
new downtown elementary and high school. what’s going on above and below them. “This ties
Verticality has some plusses, according to AEC the levels together,” says Cowles.
firms that have engaged such projects recently. One But as schools get taller, their programming can get
big advantage seems to be security, as taller build- more complicated, according to K-12 school experts.
ings generally have fewer access points. DLR Group has been working on the 278,893-sf
Getting sufficient natural light into taller urban Huili School for the Wellington International Educa-
schools is not the challenge one might expect, tion Group in Shanghai, China. The nine-story first
either. O’Donnell notes that because the Boston phase, for grades 1 through 9, opened last Septem-
Arts Academy will be comprised of so many big, boxy ber, and Ferking says verticality divides the building
interior spaces, getting light deeper into each floor into two distinct sections, with an open lecture area
won’t be a problem. and lab space on the sixth floor. (Phase two, for
The GEMS Middle-Upper School is set back from grades 10-12, which is scheduled to open in 2021,
the street 25 feet, and is situated as a triangle on will be two or three stories.)
One of the parents’ concerns about

the new 13-story GEMS school was
BKL ARCHITECTURE
safety and security, especially in a

busy urban environment. A careful
placing of entrances and other
strategies—which include sharing
a nearby parking garage—help to
minimize traffi c.

BUILDINGENVELOPESYST FORMSHADOWLINETEXTURE
EMAIRSPEC WRITINGTHER SPACEGESTUREMOTIFINSPIR
MALCONSULTATIONSCIEN ATIONCOLORLIGHTSTYLEDE
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BUILDING SCIENCE
CREATIVE FREEDOM
FIND NEW FREEDOM TO CREATE.
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K-12 SCHOOLS |
LEFT: ED WONSEK; RIGHT: KE ZHONGZHOU, COURTESY OF DLR GROUP

Left: HMFH’s design of
the Clark Avenue School The Huili School—which eventually will be surround- as a location for outdoor classes (weather permit-
in Boston had five stories
ed by mixed-use high-rises—includes an indoor track, ting), a place for independent study, a meeting
for classrooms and
another building with swimming pools, and an indoor practice soccer field. spot for school clubs and other organizations, and
fewer floors for the gym Ferking says that student and faculty egress is al- a place for students to unwind between classes.
and cafeteria. The design
ways a concern in taller schools. That’s why, at Huili, There’s a patio on the north side of the building’s
also introduced outdoors
spaces and greenery to classrooms for older (and presumably more mobile) roof deck. And the classrooms have access to
a school that previously kids are on higher floors. To provide easier move- courtyards on different floors.
had been surrounded
ment for its youngest students between the Lower Before construction began on the 115,235-sf
by asphalt. Right: The
nine-story Huili School for and Upper Schools, GEMS’ larger communal and as- Clark Avenue School in Boston, “there wasn’t a
the Wellington Interna- sembly areas, like its gym and 500-seat auditorium, tree on the site,” recalls Cowles. The older existing
tional Education Group in
are located on lower floors, says bKL’s Sorkin.GEMS school it would replace was surrounded by blacktop,
Shanghai, China, divides
into two vertical sections, Middle-Upper School also has six elevators. and there was nowhere for students to hang out
with older children on the To assuage safety concerns about picking up after classes. HMFH’s design for the new school in-
upper floors. The building
and dropping off students, the school has an troduced open space that includes a garden, and an
includes an indoor track,
swimming pools, and arrangement with a nearby parking garage, says outdoor performance space with tiered bleachers.
indoor soccer field. Isaac Persley, who is managing the GEMS proj- This outdoor space, says Cowles, takes up about
ect for bKL “Careful placement of entrances and one-third of the school site’s 1.2 acres.
strategies to minimize traffic can limit neighbor- This school was built in two phases: The first,
hood disruptions, while enabling supervision of five-floor building (that was only nine feet from the
students,” says Sorkin. old school that stayed open during construction)
includes classrooms, the cafeteria, and kitchen. The
FINDING FRESH AIR second phase, with fewer floors, houses the gym,
Perhaps the greatest potential drawback of taller ur- band classrooms, and other specialty spaces.
ban schools is the lack of access they provide their One side of Clark Avenue School abuts its neigh-
students to outdoors. These schools are usually on borhood. AEC firms say that school districts are
tight lots with little, if any, play areas or fields. So paying closer attention to establishing and maintain-
they have to make do with the outdoor space that’s ing relationships between their schools and surround-
available to them, or make arrangements with other ing communities. Boston Arts Academy—which will
public facilities. include a wellness center and 500-seat theater—is
The recently completed renovation and expan- being positioned as a “beacon” for its neighborhood.
sion of the K-12 Children’s School of Atlanta, a A few years ago, the three-story, 80,000-sf
Perkins+Will-designed, three-story building that sits McCarver Elementary School reopened in a high-
on 2.7 acres within the city’s midtown, uses the poverty area in Tacoma, Wash. DLR Group’s design
sports fields at nearby Piedmont Park, which acts for this gut renovation project (Skanska was the
essentially as a virtual extension of the school’s contractor) created space that would become a
outdoor learning activities. “hub” and “collection point” for the community, says
On the top floor of GEMS Middle-Upper School is Ferking. As part of its renovation, the school got new
an 8,000-sf artificial-turf recreation area that serves playground equipment and a synthetic sports field.+

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CIRCLE 776
CEILINGSOLUTIONS
By John Ivanoff, Associate Principal, BuroHappold Engineering | THE BUILDING FAÇADE |
BUROH POLD ENGINEERI NG

NEW IDEAS
SY BUROHAPPO ENGI
IN BUILDING ENVELOPES
OURTESY
COURTE
Brown University’s new Engineering
Research Center is clad in a high-perfor-
mance façade incorporating a granite
base, glass curtain wall, and glass fi ber
reinforced concrete shading fi ns.
D
esigning and constructing the most durable and energy-
LEARNING OBJECTIVES efficient building enclosures requires careful integration
After reading this article, you should be able to:
of materials and assemblies—as well as integration
+ LIST insights into the requirements for effective façade of the various disciplines on the project team. This is
design, including climate, solar orientation, energy-use especially true when multiple façade materials are se-
profile, and interior occupancies and preferences. lected to complete an exterior design scheme—metal,
+ DESCRIBE the competing needs of energy conservation glass, stucco, brick, terra cotta, and the like—which
and occupant experience, and how they can be resolved. bring with them a host of issues in constructability and
+ DISCUSS facility operational requirements and material combined performance.
choices, and the creative strategies developed for façade The basic determinants of optimal enclosure solutions begin with
engineering to enclose such occupancies. considerations of climatic zone, site characteristics, orientation of
+ APPLY project team experiences in high-performing the building massing and window-to-wall ratio. Annual exposure to
building design and the approaches used for precipitation, wind, and other loading helps inform materiality and
integrated design and integrated project delivery. detailing choices. Of greatest importance in most cases are the in-
tended uses and occupancies—sometimes referred to in aggregate
as interior climate class but better known to end-users as attrac-
About the Author: John Ivanoff is an Associate Principal in BuroHappold
Engineering’s Façades and Specialty Structures team, based in the firm’s tiveness, comfort, daylighting, views, and glare control. The broad
New York office. Ivanoff has more than 10 years of experience in the indus- concept of comfort includes such factors as visual environment,
try and holds a Master of Engineering from Stevens Institute of Technology
protection from air infiltration and draftiness, and providing even, ef-
and a BArch from Pratt Institute. His focus is on the design of complex and
high-performance building envelopes for a wide range of building types in fective thermal performance throughout the occupied spaces.
the education, cultural, commercial, and residential sectors. On top of these challenges, the project team must develop the

| THE BUILDING FAÇADE |
OBTAINING POSITIVE FEEDBACK

Of the control functions in consideration, experi-
enced project teams can list a few that dominate
enclosure success, but proper engineering of
moisture/air movement and thermal function tops
the list. Assembly U-value—the measure of heat
transmission through a building element, where
lower is generally better—is a perennial indica-
tor of effective integration. The team must also
optimize solar heat gain, visible light transmission,
and overillumination or glare. Last—or first, from
the end-user’s point of view—is the control func-
tion of meeting interior productivity and comfort
needs of the occupants.
R NG
NG
On a conceptual level, successful project teams

EN INEERI
ERI
NEERI
EERI
ER
see the challenge this way: The best façade

ENG
POLD EN N
designs result from a simple feedback loop of two

OHAPPO
APPO
PPO
PO
inputs—energy conservation and generation on

ROHA PP
P
the one hand, and occupant experience on the

BUR
SY B
TE SY
other. These two inputs are sometimes in tension,

COUR TE
COURT
but at other times they are happily aligned.

The variables inform each other in many ways,
The engineering labs too. On the energy side, project teams seek
employ a metal deck- design concept and built solution based on the optimized thermal transfer and the best possible
ing with hangers and structure’s energy profile: Is it dominated by en- solar gains. The ideal WWRs and the potential
acoustic roof decks to
provide versatile setups closure loads impacting on the skin, as with many for integrating photovoltaic systems increase the
as well as sound isola- multifamily facilities? Or do internal loads constitute energy benefits.
tion, vertical and hori- the major energy draw, as in large retail complexes On the occupant side, the effectiveness of façade
zontal load resistance,
and a means of affixing or university laboratories? Depending on the answer, design is measured by thermal comfort, the avail-
piping, ducts, and other the project team brings into play various ventilation ability of pleasant views and useful daylight, and the
utilities. and passive-solar strategies as well as fenestra- reduction of glare. As borne out by post-occupancy
tion and shading combinations depending on each user surveys, occupant control of illumination and
façade’s solar orientation and interior uses. Where ventilation are tied closely to enjoyment. And then
internal loads predominate, careful integration of there’s the x-factor of aesthetics—occupants know it
the envelope design with mechanical, electrical, and (and appreciate it) when they see it.
plumbing systems is essential to high-performance, One could see these two inputs—energy and oc-
highly sustainable solutions. cupant—as always in conflict with each other. Recent
A third order of integration is the aesthetic and experience shows, however, that the best façade
functional interplay of the façades’ various ma- design solutions serve both aspects by means of the
terials, assemblies and components. While the integrated and iterative design development.
all-glass curtain wall continues to appear in many
office and residential towers, more so today’s DEALING WITH OCCUPANCY LOADS
project teams are weaving together striking, highly In some building types, such as hospitals and sci-
performative enclosures with finely tuned window- entific research buildings, façade design has limited
to-wall (WWR) ratios and carefully composed blends relative impact on overall energy use when compared
of multiple façade materials including metal, glass, to ventilation loads from labs. This was the case for
terra cotta, and glass fiber reinforced concrete Brown University’s Engineering Research Center in
(GFRC). These solutions challenge the team to Providence, R.I. Studies showed ventilation would
ensure the various elements are compatible—not account for 56% of peak cooling load, regardless of
only mechanically at their joints and terminations, façade design. Equipment loads added 19% of the
but also in their combined contribution to performa- peak cooling needs, followed by people, who added
tive continuity and lasting, proper management of only 2% of cooling load from anticipated body heat
all critical control functions. and respiration.

COURTESY BUROHAPPOLD ENGINEERING
What the project team can control is about a fifth tural glass façade is set
(19%) of the cooling load: solar gain (9%), electric perpendicular to the en-
lighting (5%), and external conduction (about 5%). closure at each vertical
This is an important fifth. Moreover, that portion line of the glass grid.
comprises about twice as much energy-conservation The optimized trans-
potential as is available under peak heating load parency viewed from the
conditions. For peak heating, a staggering 83% of the outside and the open-
load is due to lab ventilation and makeup air. About ness of the façade let
13% of the load is due to external conduction, and students witness interac-
just 4% is due to air infiltration. tions among classmates
What’s the takeaway? Façade design has a more and enjoy impromptu
significant impact on occupant comfort and peak cool- meetings and informal
ing loads—so that’s where the project team should collaborations. Yet the
concentrate its effort and expect the most benefit. building’s geometry pre-
Another takeaway is the importance of indoor cli- sented challenges when
mate class. Unlike an industrial or warehouse facility, used in varying heights
laboratories and healthcare buildings must rigorously across long, multistory
control environmental loads including air pressure, vertical glass spans.
vapor ingress, and temperature gain or loss. Engineer- The glass fins needed
ing of the narrow façade layers around a clean room, consistent widths and
for example, must create high-performance controls heights to meet the
that adequately resist variations in pressure and project’s aesthetic vision
temperature. These environmental stressors increase while also meeting struc-
with the indoor climate class, according to building sci- tural requirements.
entist Joseph Lstiburek, requiring careful specification BuroHappold modeled the glass system using the
of materials and details that provide continuity and finite element analysis program SJ MEPLA accounting Above, engineer-
ing and research
resilience so that the end-user benefits from effective for maximum wind loading to determine anticipated
occupancies primar-
passive control of the indoor environment. deflection and tensile glazing stresses, including under ily use energy for
an impact load. The resulting system’s three-ply glass ventilation—about
CHOOSING THE RIGHT MATERIALS uses an ionoplast interlayer to improve post-breakage 56% of peak cooling
Depending on the interior uses, varying levels of trans- safety and allow greater fin spans. The glass fins are load—regardless of
parency and opacity are needed. Solutions include connected at the top and bottom with custom metal façade design. Below,
mockups and factory
window and curtain walls designed to control tempera- brackets which transfer the loads to the base building
and field inspections
ture gain or loss as well as solid structures engi- and also accommodate movement. At locations where are essential.
neered to be lightweight or translucent, or both. The the spans reached over 20 feet, splice connections
testing, design, and integration of these materials can allow longer fins spanning double-height
contribute to high-performance, resilient enclosures. spaces—while still maintaining
For a new, 14-story medical and graduate educa- transparency. The custom glass
tion building at Columbia University, the Roy and fin system was tested in Ger-
Diana Vagelos Education Center (see sidebar), the many under a full-performance
project team integrated state-of-the-art classrooms mockup regimen prior to
BUROHAPPOLD ENGINEERING
with a medical simulation center, auditorium, col- installation.
laborative study areas, and outdoor terraces. The On a separate track,
project reinvents the conventional layout of a stacked the project team modeled
floor plate by creating a study cascade comprised of the daylight and annual
a series of social and study areas connected by a solar gain for the façades
continuous stair on the building’s southern side. To containing offices and
optimize transparency at this end of the building, a classrooms to help deter-
glass fin structure with high-performance glass was mine the density of glass
used. In developing the façade system with DS+R, fritting required to ensure the
Gensler, and the façade contractor Gartner, a floor- occupants’ thermal comfort.
to-ceiling glass fin system with a gasket cassette A vertical stripe frit is applied on
assembly provides secondary drainage. The struc- the first surface of the glass for about

two-thirds of the façade. In addition, BuroHappold high-performance façade incorporates a granite

recommended using custom-cast sculptural slab base, glass curtain wall, and GFRC shading fins.
covers of glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC) While the Columbia University project employs the
on the exposed areas of the primary structure. GFRC elements primarily for aesthetics and to con-
Rather than exposed concrete or precast, the GFRC ceal the folded concrete slabs, the Brown University
covers create a rainscreen system which allows for research structure presents vertical GFRC fins that
continuous insulation at all opaque locations. This are highly performative, providing carefully tuned
unique solution was shading based on the seasonal angle of solar inci-
IWAN BAAN
preferred by the design dence and interior use needs.

team because of its Together, these elements balance sustainability
strong, lightweight, and and occupant comfort, decreasing energy demand
sustainable features, while providing generous daylight and views. The
as well as its architec- high-performance façade alters its composition
tural flexibility. based on each elevation’s needs. The south-facing
For Brown Univer- façade, for example, provides an additional element
sity’s Engineering to assist in controlling solar heat gain and glare:
Research Center, the the deep GFRC fins and aluminum mesh screen and
fritted glass. The architects at KieranTimberlake
The Roy and Diana Vagelos and BuroHappold’s integrated engineering team—in-
Education Center, where cluding experts in structural, MEP, façades, lighting
BuroHappold Engineering
recommended custom- design, and energy modeling—collaborated with uni-
cast GFRC slab covers for versity researchers, Shawmut Construction, United
exposed structural areas Architectural Metals, and Massey Glass in a process
to create a lightweight
rainscreen with continuous that allowed for an integrated, highly collaborative
insulation. design and construction process.
Structural Glass and Lightweight Concrete: Paradoxes That Perform
For the 100,000-sf Roy and the more traditional space of day, controlling heat gain to craft an enclosure form
Diana Vagelos Education Cen- distributions located on back and in turn reducing energy that responds directly to the
ter, BuroHappold Engineering two-thirds of the building and use. changing seasons and time of
worked with the architects the cascading, interwoven To achieve an architecturally day. Engineered to introduce
Diller Scofidio + Renfro and study zones on the building’s pleasing façade that was in line natural light and preserve
Gensler to engineer a high- south side. The project team with the existing buildings on or eliminate heat gain, the
performance education center decided to enclose the varied campus, the façade engineer- enclosure dramatically reduces
enclosure. The high-rise form common areas with a glass ing team recommended cus- energy use.
of this academic tower, with its curtain wall to optimize trans- tom-cast, sculptural GFRC slab To complement the local
bilateral design and complex parency and campus engage- covers instead of traditional campus context and nearby
geometrical façade, revisits ment. The curtain wall uses concrete on the exposed areas buildings—and to maintain
the conventional layout of a custom-engineered glass fin of the structure. The strong, architectural design consis-
stacked-floor construction by mullions, enabling the glass to lightweight, and sustainable tency—the northern curtain
pairing traditional classrooms be frameless and highly trans- aspects of the slab covers—as wall enclosures have a ceramic
and laboratory spaces with parent, flooding the space with well as their inherent architec- frit—the baked-on ceramic
a “study cascade” design—a daylight. tural flexibility—made them an coating fired into the outer-
series of social and quiet work Delivering this frameless innovative and highly effective most glass surfaces at high
areas distributed across over- glass façade was particularly choice for this project. temperature. The process
sized landings off an exposed challenging due to the build- Shaped by modeling of imbues the glass with a muted,
staircase. ing’s long, multistory vertical annual solar gain and loading winsome quality as it also
This novel layout posed an glass spans. The high-perfor- on the long-span structural powerfully optimizes solar
interesting challenge for the mance curtain wall responds to glass system, the team fine- heat gain and interior daylight
façade engineering team, with the changing seasons and time tuned the façade geometry quality.

Steel reduces waste and features a material recovery rate Steel is the most The American
greater than 98%! Structural steel features an incredibly resilient material, Institute of Steel
sustainable manufacturing process. Consider these facts: designed to last, Construction
whether it’s exposed provides
The structural steel making process boasts to fire, blast, or the environmental
a 95% water recycling rate with no external ravages of time. And product declarations
discharges, resulting in a net consumption when a steel building (EPDs) for fabricated
of only 70 gallons per ton. reaches the end of hot-rolled structural
its life, the steel is sections, fabricated
Steel is the most recycled material in the recycled and retains all steel plate and
world. Domestic mills recycle more than 70 of its fantastic physical fabricated hollow
million tons of scrap each year and structural characteristics. structural sections.
steel has a 93% recycled content! Today’s beams These EPDs cover
and columns are the product life cycle
Steel production productivity levels are
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up by a factor of 24 and labor hours have
and offer greater fabricator gate and
been reduced from 12 to just 0.5 per ton.
constructability are available at
benefits! www.aisc.org/epd.
Steel’s carbon footprint is down 37%,
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CIRCLE 777
COURTESY BUROHAPPOLD ENGINEERING
During the development of the GFRC fins, alternate materi-

als were evaluated, such as precast concrete and ultra-high-
performance concrete, to determine which would be sympathetic
to the masonry palette of surrounding campus buildings. GFRC
was determined to be the preferred material choice due to its
light weight, surface appearance, and ability to achieve complex
geometries with the use of molds.
The project team worked with the GFRC manufacturer and
façade contractor to detail the GFRC fins with integrated, formed
ribs. To minimize the extent of subframing and brackets required
to support the cladding, an anchorage system was integrated into
the curtain wall to allow the fins to hang off the unitized façade.
Integrating these systems, the GFRC fins had to take into account
the subdivision and consequent position of the joints in the
unitized façade system. This helped simplify the management of
movements and tolerances, the size of the joints, and the design
A piece of GFRC for the Vagelos of the brackets. It also simplified the installation of GFRC fins
Center at Columbia University onto the façade, reducing the duration of construction.
being installed onto a unitized
curtain wall panel at Permasteel-
isa’s factory. Inset shows a base A PLACE FOR ENGINEERING INNOVATION
bracket for the glass fin. The Engineering Research Center is conceived as an 81,330-sf
vessel for microelectronics and bio cleanrooms and highly flexible
modular research labs flanked by flexible, loftlike workspaces.
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CIRCLE 778

The university envisioned this new center wrapped in projects evolve. In response, the Engineering Re-
glazing to maximize daylight and views into collabora- search Center labs combine large and open modular
tive work/conference areas. Yet the glass needed layouts with innovative, dovetail composite structural
to be moderated to meet energy-conservation and decks and ceiling-mounted infrastructure that allow
generation goals as well as to create an enticing oc- researchers to reconfigure their spaces themselves.
cupant experience. Researchers and graduate students working on sim-
For energy-conservation purposes, it was important ilarly focused research projects are grouped together
to study optimized thermal and solar transfer, opti- in the open, high-ceilinged workstations flanking the
mized WWRs, and opportunities to integrate photovol- labs. The labs and collaboration zones are designed
taic systems. In early studies, the BuroHappold team to control daylight and views as required by their spe-
found that façade design had limited impact on overall cific programs, while gradient-fritted glass partitions in
energy use when compared to the ventilation loads offices and workspaces offer privacy without sacrific-
from labs—though it had a more significant impact on ing views or natural light.
occupant comfort and peak cooling loads. Particularly important to Brown University’s lab re-
The project team elected to make this project quirements were acoustic insulation and the means of
among the first institutional labs in the U.S. to use affixing piping, ducts, and other mechanical
an integrated project delivery model. The approach and utility components. The team proposed + EDITOR’S NOTE
worked well: The center was completed and occupied metal decking with hangers that could be Additional reading required
three months ahead of schedule—and the façade was placed continuously across the ceiling, and for this course. To earn 1.0 AIA
found to perform as intended—in large part due to the installed as needed, to provide a versatile CES learning units, study the
IPD approach and the delivery innovations it fostered. ceiling that was aesthetically pleasing and full article carefully and take
IPD also helped address the cost and complexity of structurally capable of carrying all the MEP the exam posted at
reconfiguring laboratories as staff, technologies, and equipment required by the labs. BDCnetwork.com/BHcourse
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www.nudura.com | 1-866-468-6299 CIRCLE 779

| PRODUCTS AT WORK | By David Malone, Associate Editor
HEADQUARTERS LIGHTING
PROJECT: GIPHY Headquarters, New York, N.Y.
PROBLEM: The new Manhattan HQ required a
lighting strategy that complemented the brand
and distinguished the headquarters’ GIPHY ZINC ACCENTS FIGHTING IRISH LOCKER ROOM
Park zone from the space’s other zones. SOLU- PROJECT: University of Notre Dame Stadium locker room, South
TION: Twenty-one Eureka Lighting Switch lumi- Bend, Ind. PROBLEM: The dated stadium required an update that
naires were installed in GIPHY Park. The black would feature a modern aesthetic but retain the history and
suspended fixtures have three arms, each of heritage of the football program. SOLUTION: Zinc products from
which conceals an LED module that seems to Rheinzink were used to frame video monitors and accent end
float in its housing. The arms were set at dif- panels on multiple rows of lockers. The panels provided a balance
ferent angles to create something above eye between the art deco aspects of the original stadium while feeling
level that broke up the gridded ceiling. ON THE masculine and industrial. ON THE TEAM: Integrated Design Solutions
TEAM: Vantresca Design (lighting design). (architect), Division 6 (fabricator and installer).
EUREKA LIGHTING | CIRCLE NO. 860 RHEINZINK | CIRCLE NO. 861
COMMERCIAL SKYLIGHT
WILLIAM LEMKE
PROJECT: Aventura Mall, Aventura, Fla. PROBLEM: The
new wing expansion had to complement the rest of
the 2.7 million-sf mall’s bright, modern design. SOLU-
TION: A 347-foot-long, 96-foot-wide custom, vaulted
skylight sits atop the new addition. The skylight was
manufactured by Super Sky Products Enterprises; its
aluminum framing was finished by Linetec in Pale Oak
color. Nearly 11,000 sf of Viracon’s VNE1-63 clear,
insulated, heat-strengthened glass with 40% dot frit
silk-screening and low-e coating is incorporated into
the skylight. The StormGuard-enhanced PVB interlayer
also optimized performance for large-missile-impact
hurricane resistance. ON THE TEAM: JPRA Architects
(architect of record), Carlos Zapata Studios (design
architect), Plaza Construction Group (GC).
VIRACON | CIRCLE NO. 863

Question the ordinary
Imagine the extraordinary
Create the enduring
The new Terminal B at
© Jeff Goldberg for LaGuardia Gateway Partners
The new terminal

LaGuardia Airport includes
will serve 15 million
35 gates and a parking garage.
passengers annually.
LaGuardia Gateway Partners is developing

the nation’s first airport P3 project on behalf
of the Port Authority.
LaGuardia Terminal B
New York, New York
WSP USA is contributing a broad range of services in support of the new Terminal B at
LaGuardia Airport. WSP’s contributions include civil, structural, geotechnical,
mechanical/electrical, and environmental engineering, drawing on the
firm’s expertise in transportation, buildings, energy and water.
We bring cross-disciplinary talent to projects nationwide.
Find out what we can do for you.
wsp.com/usa Join our team!

CIRCLE 780
| PRODUCTS AT WORK |
WASHROOM PARTITIONS METAL MESH PANELS

PROJECT: Minneapolis (Minn.) Public School PROJECT: Ford Motor Co. parking decks, Dearborn, Mich. PROBLEM:
District. PROBLEM: Toilet partition vandalism, As part of a plan to eliminate surface lots to make space for a
requiring constant repairs, became a common new design center and central green areas, two parking deck
problem in the district’s schools. SOLUTION: Si- structures were built. The façades needed to be aesthetically
erraSeries Solid Color Reinforced Composite pleasing and meet local building codes. SOLUTION: Decorative
partitions were installed due to their scratch façades with swooping curves were created by Cambridge Archi-
and vandalism resistance. The resilient solid tectural using powder-coated mesh. The custom mesh pattern in
color-reinforced composite material is capable black and dark grey was used to form an angled curve on the raw
of resisting repeated vandalism attempts. ON T316 stainless steel that runs the length of the decks’ façades.
THE TEAM: Sheet Metal Local 10 (GC), Harris About 100,000 sf of the 55% open mesh was used across both
Billings Company (distributor). parking decks. In total, 124 panels were used.
BOBRICK | CIRCLE NO. 862 CAMBRIDGE ARCHITECTURAL | CIRCLE NO. 864
ARCHITECTURAL GLASS
PROJECT: McCormick & Company Headquarters,
Hunt Valley, Md. PROBLEM: The owners of this
350,000-sf building wanted to optimize natural
daylight while reducing solar heat gain to create
a space of innovation and collaboration. SOLU-
TION: The HQ’s façade uses 85,000 sf of glass,
notably Winduo insulating glass units featuring
Guardian Glass’s triple-silver, low-e SunGuard
SNX 51/23 coating on clear glass and SNX
62/27 coating on CrystalGray glass. The IGUs
and laminated glass panels were captured in
custom aluminum framing (from Northern Fa-
cades) that incorporates a horizontal sunshade
system (from Clover Architectural Products)
on the south-facing elevation. ON THE TEAM: J.E.
Berkowitz (glass fabricator).
GUARDIAN GLASS | CIRCLE NO. 866

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90 ■ Other (please specify): _________________________ buy, specify, approve or recommend? (Check ALL that apply.)
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projects? (Check one box only.) manage, design or build? (Check ALL that apply.) Windows and Doors, Moisture Control, Architectural Metals
OWNING FIRM BUILD FIRM A ■ Airport/Transportation 03 ■ Interior Systems - Ceilings, Flooring, Gypsum,
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12 ■ Corporate Real Estate 21 ■ Design - Build Firm D ■ Cultural Facilities 04 ■ Building Systems - Building Automation, Lighting, Electrical,
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31 ■ Engineering Firm ___________________________ J ■ K-12 Schools A Is your firm directly involved in any phase of renovation or
32 ■ Architecture/Engineering Firm ___________________________ K ■ Multifamily Housing reconstruction projects? ■ Yes ■ No
33 ■ Engineering/Architecture Firm L ■ Office Buildings B Is your firm directly involved in green building or sustainability
M ■ Religious/Places of Worship projects? ■ Yes ■ No
3. Which category best describes your job title? N ■ Retail Shopping/Malls/Big Box C Is your firm using BIM (building information modeling) in projects?
(Check one box only.) O ■ Senior Housing/Assisted Living ■ Yes ■ No
10 ■ Architect/Designer/CAD-BIM Specialist P ■ Sports/Recreation/Stadiums D Does your firm engage in projects under design-build delivery?
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| GREAT SOLUTIONS | By David Malone, Associate Editor
SIDEWALK LABS DETAILS A MODEL SMART CITY

LEFT: SIDEWALK LABS; RIGHT: HEATHERWICK STUDIO
Despite its mission to improve

D urban living on Toronto’s Eastern
Waterfront, some are calling for
G I
E the company to cancel the project.
F
H
SIDEWALK LABS, A SUB- initiatives such as Google B

SIDIARY OF ALPHABET, HQ, an Urban Innovation
and Waterfront Toronto have Institute, workforce develop-
released updated plans for ment, a new tall timber fac-
Sidewalk Toronto, a model tory, and a venture fund.
smart city they plan to build Not everyone is happy management of curbside provide building and ROW re-
on Toronto’s Eastern Wa- with the smart city. Some space will give access back tention through green public
terfront. The updated plans are questioning Sidewalk to pedestrians. infrastructure. Sensors will
focus mainly on phase one of Labs' intentions after the B. New approach to enable active water manage-
the Quayside neighborhood company proposed taking ground floor space. Flex- ment for improved resiliency.
at Parliament Slip. a $6 billion cut of Toronto ible infrastructure will make F. Thermal grid will use
Quayside will be built from property taxes, development physical space as low risk clean energy sources such
100% mass timber and fea- fees, and increased land and dynamic as digital as waste heat and geother-
ture retail, commercial, and value over a 30-year span, space. Emphasis will be put mal systems.
residential space, at least according to the Toronto on flexible and modifiable G. Advanced power grid.
35% of which will be set Star. Some city officials say space with the availability of Extensive use of photovoltaic
aside for affordable housing. they would prefer public micro-lease terms. panels will be combined with
The project’s big draw is investment for the project. C. Weather mitigation. battery storage. Advanced
the sheer volume of innova- For now, Sidewalk Labs is Flexible façades and “build- energy management strate-
tive technology Sidewalk moving ahead with the intent ing raincoats” will allow for gies will provide ubiquitous
Labs plans to pack into the to build Quayside's 3,000 all-weather outdoor activity. access and control of green
12-acre neighborhood. housing units for 5,000 D. Smart waste manage- energy for electric power.
An Urban Consolidation residents and provide 3,900 ment system user inter- H. Modular pavement that
Center will ease last-mile jobs on site. face will increase compost- is easily removable will allow
delivery headaches by distrib- Here are some key fea- ing and recycling rates for for quicker, safer infrastruc-
uting freight and collecting tures of Sidewalk Toronto: multi-tenant residences. The ture maintenance.
waste by robot via a below- A. Reimagined streets. system will target 80% diver- I. Complete connectivity
grade tunnel system. Curbless streets can be man- sion rates versus the 26% featuring 100% WiFi and
Sidewalk Labs says it aged digitally to support the rate in current Toronto multi- 5G network coverage for all
will also invest in a series shift to autonomous vehicles family apartment buildings. residents, businesses, and
of economic development and ease congestion. Active E. Smart water system will public spaces.

Real projects start with
the industry standard
Before they broke ground, GH2 Architects
ensured Jenks High School’s Math and Science
facility was protected with AIA contracts.
AIA Contract Documents used: B101-Owner/Architect Agreement and
A133-Owner/CMc-Cost Plus Fee with GMP.
At A’19, come by booth #5935 to learn more or visit aiacontracts.org/bdc-jenks.
CIRCLE 784
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-Joe Buehler, AIA, LEED AP BD+C, TEAM A

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