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ANTHROPOLOGY PAPER 2
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PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS
1.1 Evolution of the Examine the regional variations of Mesolithic cultures of India. 20
Indian Culture and marks (2018)
Civilization — Prehistoric Explain the contribution of tribal cultures to Indian civilization 20
(Palaeolithic, Mesolithic, marks(2018)
Neolithic and Neolithic – Neolithic cultures of south india .10m (2017)
Chalcolithic). Describe the salient features of chalcolithic cultures of the decan.
15m (2017)
Protohistoric (Indus Describe various aspects of trade and religion of harappan
Civilization): Pre- civilization.15m (2017)
Harappan, Harappan and Give the detail appraisal of skeletal remains from chalcolithic culture
post- Harappan of undivided Punjab.(2016)20M
cultures.Contributions of Short notes on Mesolithic ndings from balen valley.(2016)
tribal cultures to Indian South Indian paleoliths (10Marks 2015)
civilization. Prehistoric Rock art of central India. (10Marks 2015)
Discuss the signi cance of Harappan civilization sites from India.
(15Marks 2015)
Neolithic cultures of NE India (10Marks 2014)
Describe what is known of Harappan Religion. Have some of its
elements continued into later Hinduism? Discuss. (20Marks 2014)
Discuss salient features of Mesolithic culture in India with special
reference to western India.(10Marks – 2013)
Indian Paleolithic culture can neither be conceived chronologically
homogenous nor as a uniform cultural phase. Discuss.(15Marks –
2013)
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Palaeo – anthropological
· Describe the salient features of Sivapithecus. 15 marks(2018)
evidences from India
with special reference to · Discuss the salient features of Ramapithecus .15m (2017)
Siwaliks and Narmada
basin (Ramapithecus, · Delineate the sailent characteristics of ‘ Narmada man’ and examine
Sivapithecus and its phylogentic signi cance.(2016)
Narmada Man).
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archaeology;
STUDY MATERIALS (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/FREE-STUDY-MATERIALS-FOR-UPSC-IAS-
· Ethno archaeological evidencesfor the survival of hunting-gathering
PREPARATION/)
b)Survivals and Parallels traditions.(2016)
among the hunting,
TAKE QUIZ (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/FREE-IAS-EXAM-QUIZ/)
· Discuss the importance of the ethno archaeological approach to the
foraging, shing, pastoral
CONTACT study of indigenous craft in India. (15Marks 2014)
US (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/CONTACT-US/)
and peasant
communities
· Colonial Ethnography. (12Marks – 2012)
2. Demographic pro le What are the various factors in uencing population growth in India?
of India — Discuss. 15 marks(2018)
Write short notes on austro-asiatic linguistic groups in india. 10m
a)Ethnic and linguistic (2017)
elements in the Indian Give your assement of the reason for the imbalance in the sex-ratio in
population and their india.20m (2017)
distribution. Short notes on linguistic elements in Indian population.(2016)
Brie y describe the classical model of ethnic and linguistic
b)Indian population –
classi cations of Indian population. Discuss its relevance today.
factors in uencing its
(15Marks 2015)
structure and growth.
Outline the distribution of Dravidian languages in India and describe
their cultural signi cance. (15Marks 2014) (. – 1990)
Major linguistic divisions of India (10Marks 2014)
Contribution of H. H. Risley to the ‘Aryan’ debate (10Marks 2014)
Describe the linguistic elements in Indian population? (15Marks –
2011)
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· Write notes on the following in about 150 words each: 10X5=50
(https://www.iasjunior.com/)
3.2 Caste system in Explain the signi cance of tribe-caste continuum in the present
India- context. 15 marks(2018)
Discuss the view that caste is not social strati cation, but a system
· structure and of hierarchy. 15 marks(2018)
characteristics,
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· Varna and caste, Based on historical and contemporary evidences discuss the future
of caste system(https://www.iasjunior.com/)
in India. 15 marks(2018)
· Theories of origin of Discuss the impact of market economy on the Jajmani system. 20m
caste system, HOME (2017)
(HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/) IAS
Examine the structural and cultural cultural theories of caste system
· TESTIMONIALS
Dominant caste,
(HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/TESTIMONIAL/) MENTORSHIP PROGRAM
in india.(2016)20M
Relevance of caste in contemporary india.(2016)
· CasteMATERIALS
STUDY mobility, (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/FREE-STUDY-MATERIALS-FOR-UPSC-IAS-
What do you understand by the dynamics of Caste mobility? How did
PREPARATION/)
· Future of caste the concept of Sanskritization contribute to its functionality?
system, Jajmani TAKE QUIZ (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/FREE-IAS-EXAM-QUIZ/)
system, (20Marks 2015)
Tribe- caste continuum. Critically examine the concept of Tribe – Caste continuum and its
CONTACT US (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/CONTACT-US/)
relevance in contemporary India. (15Marks 2015)
De ne the concept ‘Dominant Caste’ and examine its relevance in the
contemporary Indian village with suitable examples. (20Marks 2014)
(15Marks – 2011) (. – 1999)
Do you think caste persists in contemporary India? Critically discuss.
(15Marks 2014)
Tribe Caste continuum (10Marks 2014)
Discuss how Louis Dumont explained caste system.(10Marks –
2013)
What is Jajmani system? Examine the views on Jajmani system as an
egalitarian as well as exploitative system. Give reasons for its decline.
(25Marks – 2013)
Examine the criticisms on the concept of dominant caste.(15Marks –
2013)
Critically examine the prevalence of caste ideology among religious
minorities in the Indian context. (30Marks – 2012)
Gender and Customary Law. (10Marks – 2012)
Gender and Caste. (10Marks – 2012)
Critically examine the theories of Origin of Castes. (15Marks – 2011)
Examine the role of the caste system in the present political context.
(15 Marks — 2010)
Is the present political System strengthening the caste system?
Discuss. (15 Marks — 2010)
Discuss the salient features of the prevalent hypotheses on the future
of the caste system in India (30 Marks — 2009)
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Bring out the various features and the importance of the “Dominant
Caste” Concept (https://www.iasjunior.com/)
(20 Marks — 2009)
Is Tribe-Caste Continuum a reality or myth? Discuss.(2008)
HOME Tribe
(HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/)
Caste continuum. (. – 2004) IAS
Jajmani System (. – 2007) (. – 1998)
TESTIMONIALS (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/TESTIMONIAL/) MENTORSHIP PROGRAM
Caste as a pattern of social strati cation (. – 2003) (.. 1989)
De ne the Jajmani system. Analyze the changes in the relationship
STUDY MATERIALS (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/FREE-STUDY-MATERIALS-FOR-UPSC-IAS-
between caste and occupation in contemporary Rural Society ( 2000)
PREPARATION/)
Signi cance of Varna and Caste (. – 1997) Distinguish between
TAKE QUIZ (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/FREE-IAS-EXAM-QUIZ/)
Varna and Caste (. 1995)
Caste bound occupations Vis-a-Vis Urban professions (. – 1993)
CONTACT US (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/CONTACT-US/)
Concept of caste as a hierarchical system based on the opposition
between “pure and impure”. (. – 1991)
Discuss the essential features of the caste system in India. Critically
examine its role in the changing social context in contemporary
times. ( – 1990)
Concept of purity and caste system ( – 1989)
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· Account for the emergence of new religions in India in the 6th century
B.C. ( – 1998)
4. Emergence and Discuss the contribution of S. C Roy in the study of tribal cultures in
growth of anthropology India. 15 marks(2018)
in India- Compare and contrast the economic typology of tribes given by
different anthropologists. 20 marks(2018)
· Contributions of the Discuss the contribution of Nirmal Kumar bose to the understanding
18th, 19th and early 20th of Indian society. 20m (2017)
Century scholar- Discuss the contribution of L.P Vidyarthi and D.N.Majumdar to the
administrators. study of Indian tribes.
Discuss the contribution of MN Srinivas to the study of Indian society.
· Contributions of
Examine the in uence of British social anthropologists on his ideas.
Indian anthropologists to
(15Marks 2015)
tribal and caste studies.
Discuss the contributions of S. C. Roy to understanding the tribes of
India. (20Marks 2014)
Examine the anthropological contributions dealing with tribes and
Indian civilization.(25Marks – 2013)
Discuss the contributions of H. D. Sankalia to prehistoric
anthropology in India.(20Marks – 2013)
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· State should protect the personal laws of religious minorities. Discuss
with reference to the problem of national integration. (. 1991)
· Sanskritization, What do you understand by the dynamics of Caste mobility? How did
Westernization, (https://www.iasjunior.com/)
the concept of Sanskritization contribute to its functionality?
Modernization; (20Marks 2015)
HOME Panchayatiraj
(HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/) IAS (10Marks 2015)
institutions and social change
· Inter-play of little Examine the Social implications of media & communication
andTESTIMONIALS
great traditions; (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/TESTIMONIAL/)
technology (20Marks 2015)
MENTORSHIP PROGRAM
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What are the major problems of the tribals in India? Evaluate the
(https://www.iasjunior.com/)
measures adopted by the central and state governments in India to
solve these problems. (. – 1992)
HOME Discuss
(HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/) IAS of India. Make a critical
some major problems of the tribes
evaluation of the measures adopted by the central and state
TESTIMONIALS (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/TESTIMONIAL/) MENTORSHIP PROGRAM
Governments in India to solve these problems and account for their
limited Success. ( – 1989)
STUDY MATERIALS (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/FREE-STUDY-MATERIALS-FOR-UPSC-IAS-
PREPARATION/)
6.3 Developmental Discuss the signi cance and implementation of ‘Recognition of
TAKE QUIZ (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/FREE-IAS-EXAM-QUIZ/)
projects and their impact Forest Right’s Act 2006’. 15 marks(2018)
on tribal displacement
CONTACT US Examine the advancement made in the land acquisition and
(HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/CONTACT-US/)
and problems of rehabilitation Act of 2013 over the land acquisition Act of 1894. 15
rehabilitation. marks(2018)
Impact of industrialization on schedule tribe population of
· Development of Jharkhand.(2016)10m
forest policy and tribals. Discuss the impact of Globalization on the livelihood of the tribal
populations. (20Marks 2014)
· Impact of
Forest policy and tribes (10Marks 2014)
urbanization and
Impacts of sanctuaries and national parks on tribal populations.
industrialization on tribal
(10Marks – 2013)
populations.
Commodi cation of Tribal Art. (12Marks – 2012)
*Critically examine the National Policy on Rehabilitation and
Resettlement substantiating it with experiences from different parts
of India. (30Marks – 2012)
Forest Rights Act—2006. (15Marks – 2011)
Discuss the problem of displaced tribal communities with the help of
recent examples. (30Marks – 2011)
The impact of Urbanization and Industrialization on tribal women.
(15Marks – 2011)
Tribal displacement. (15 Marks — 2010)
(http://www.ambitionias.com/tribal-displacement-15-marks-
2010.html)
Critically examine the evaluation of Forest Policy in India since the
British period. Discuss its impact on tribaIs. (60 Marks -2009)
Discuss the health problems faced by tribal populations in India.
Suggest some corrective measures. (. – 2008)
Impact of Industrialization on Tribes. (. – 2007)
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7.1 Problems of · Write notes on the following in about 150 words each: 10X5=50
exploitation and
deprivation of Scheduled OBCs among non-Hindu communities(2018)
and Other Backward · Discuss the constitutional safeguards for the schedule caste.15m
Classes. (2017) (https://www.iasjunior.com/)
· Write
HOME short notes on other backward class.10
(HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/) IAS m (2017)
7.2 Social change and · Write notes on the following in about 150 words each:
contemporary tribal 10X5=50(2018)
societies:
(a) Youth dormitory as an institution
· Impact of modern
democratic institutions, (b) Tribe and scheduled tribe
· development (d) The impact of Panchayati Raj institutions in rural areas
programmes and welfare (https://www.iasjunior.com/)
CONTACT USHow
· (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/CONTACT-US/)
have modern democratic institutions in uenced the Indian tribal
societies? Assess. (. – 2008)
· Discuss the impact of modernization on trial and rural people in India.
(. -1998)
· What are the various policies that have been suggested for bringing
the tribals into the mainstream of national life? In the interest of the tribals
which of these policies do you consider suitable? (. – 1985)
7.3 The concept of Discuss the various factors resulting in tribal unrest in various parts
ethnicity; of India. 15 marks(2018)
Examine the colonial administrators’ view that Indian villages can be
· Ethnic con icts and considered as ‘little republics’. 15 marks(2018)
political developments; Write short notes on ethnicity and regionalism.10m (2017)
Tribe as a colonial construct(2016)10m
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· Unrest among tribal Short notes on The role of regionalism plays in demand for autonomy
communities; (https://www.iasjunior.com/)
among Indian tribes.(2016)10m
Rights over resources and Tribal unrest (10Marks 2015)
· Regionalism and HOME Discuss
(HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/) IAS Indian tribes with
the rise of ethno nationalism among
demand for autonomy; speci c example. (15Marks 2014)
TESTIMONIALS (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/TESTIMONIAL/) MENTORSHIP PROGRAM
What are the signi cant factors responsible for tribal unrest?
· Pseudo-tribalism;
(15Marks 2014)
STUDY MATERIALS (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/FREE-STUDY-MATERIALS-FOR-UPSC-IAS-
Ethnic movements in India. (10Marks – 2013)
PREPARATION/)
· Social change
Examine the impact of non-tribal contact on socio-cultural institutions
among the tribes during
TAKE QUIZ (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/FREE-IAS-EXAM-QUIZ/)
of tribal people with suitable examples. (15Marks – 2013)
colonial and post-
Compare the approach adopted towards tribal communities during
Independent India.
CONTACT US (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/CONTACT-US/)
Colonial and post- independence periods. (30Marks – 2011)
Discuss and compare the approaches towards the tribes during
colonial and post independent India. (30 Marks — 2010)
Do you nd any signi cant change in the approaches towards the
tribes during colonial and post independent India? Assess. (15 Marks
— 2010)
Tribal unrest in Central India (20 Marks — 2009)
Concept of Ethnicity (. – 2008)
Critically review Tana Bhagat Movement) its causes and effects. (. –
2006)
Discuss the features affecting ethnic boundaries”, giving Indian
examples. (. – 2006)
Discuss the relationship of ethnicity and nation-state. (. 2005)
Detribalization (. – 2004) (. – 2001)
Evaluate Fredrick Barth’s concept of ethnic boundaries. Explain its
distinction from cultural content. (. – 2004)
Ethnic con ict (. – 2004)
Classify the tribal movements in contemporary India in a regional
perspective and analyze the contributive factors. ( 2004)
Identify the causes and consequences of major tribal movements in
India. (. – 2003)
What is ethnicity? Does ethnicity add to con icts and tensions in the
society? Illustrate. (. – 2002)
Birsa movement (. – 2001)
Ethnic Boundaries (. – 2000)
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Assess the political and economic role of tribal and rural movements
in the creation of(https://www.iasjunior.com/)
the new states of Uttaranchal, Jharkhand and
Chhattisgarh. (. – 2000)
HOME To
(HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/) IASthe tribal movements in
what extent ethnicity is responsible for
India? Elaborate with Suitable examples. (. – 1995)
TESTIMONIALS (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/TESTIMONIAL/) MENTORSHIP PROGRAM
Tribal movements – pros and cons (. – 1994)
Ethnicity (. – 1993)
STUDY MATERIALS (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/FREE-STUDY-MATERIALS-FOR-UPSC-IAS-
Discuss the role of socio political movements in the emergence of
PREPARATION/)
tribal identity in the Indian context. (. – 1990)
TAKE QUIZ (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/FREE-IAS-EXAM-QUIZ/)
(http://www.ambitionias.com/discuss-role-socio-political-
movements-emergence-tribal-identity-indian-context-l-q-1990.html)
CONTACT US (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/CONTACT-US/)
De ne the concept of ‘ethnic identity’. Discuss how it is emerging in
the context of tribal unrest in some regions of the country (. – 1989)
Racial elements among STs in India (. – 1988)
Assertion of ethnic identity and ethnic solidarity has been a pervasive
process in India after independence. Analyze this in relation to
Constitutional safeguards and emerging national integration. (–
1988)
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( 1987)
9.1 History of Discuss the salient features of PESA Act of 1996 and attempt a
administration of tribal comparison with the features of the VI Schedule15 marks(2018)
areas: Write short notes on particularly vulnerable tribal groups(PTG) 10M
(2017)
Discuss the emergence ,salient features and limitations of tribal sub-
plan 15m (2017)
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· Tribal policies, Critically examine the role of NGOs and missionaries in
plans, programmes of transformation of(https://www.iasjunior.com/)
schedule tribes in central india.(2016)15m
tribal Discuss the various tribal development programs an plans have
HOME impacted
(HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/) IAS
the process of social transformation among tribes.
· development and (2016)15m
theirTESTIMONIALS (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/TESTIMONIAL/)
implementation. MENTORSHIP PROGRAM
Relevance of tribal Panchsheel today.(10Marks 2015)
Recently NGO’s have been critiqued for interfering with developmental
STUDY
· MATERIALS
The concept of (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/FREE-STUDY-MATERIALS-FOR-UPSC-IAS-
process inn Tribal heartland. Critically comment. (20Marks 2015)
PREPARATION/)
PTGs (Primitive Tribal
Critically examine the role of NGOs in promoting health & Education in
Groups), their
TAKE QUIZ (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/FREE-IAS-EXAM-QUIZ/)
tribal areas.(15Marks 2014)
distribution,
Describe the history administration in the colonial period. (15Marks
specialprogrammesCONTACTfor US (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/CONTACT-US/)
2014)
their development.
Critically evaluate the National Tribal Policy. (15Marks 2014)
The concept of PTG (10Marks 2014)
· Role of N.G.O.s in
Government Action towards Left Wing Extremism.(10Marks – 2013)
tribal development
Role of Gramasabha under PESA.(10Marks – 2013)
Fifth Schedule and Sixth Schedule of the constitution are built on the
foundations laid by the colonial Government. Discuss.(20Marks –
2013)
Discuss the Signi cance of cultural and administrative factors in
tribal development.(15Marks – 2013)
Discuss the criticism leveled against anthropology in the context of
‘Isolation, and assimilation debate’ on tribal populations.(20Marks –
2013)
Discuss how British policies dispossessed tribal’s of their communal
properties and agricultural lands.(15Marks – 2013)
Examine the relevance of Tribal Panchsheel by Jawaharlal Nehru in
the light of emerging Development practices. (20Marks – 2012)
Tribal Panchsheel. (15Marks – 2011)
NGOs and tribal development (20 Marks – 2009) (. – 2007) (. – 2002)
What are the special problems of the Primitive Tribal Groups? How far
have the developmental programmes of the government able to
address these? (. – 2008)
Programmes of Tribal Development (. – 2006)
Elucidate the nature of changes in administration of tribal areas from
colonial period to post-Independence era in India. (. – 2005)
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HOME (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/)
· Discuss IAS
the role of anthropology in understanding the loss of
livelihood of tribal communities due to economic and ecological
TESTIMONIALS (HTTPS://WWW.IASJUNIOR.COM/TESTIMONIAL/) MENTORSHIP PROGRAM
factors.15m (2017)
9.2 Role of anthropology · Examine in detail the role of Anthropology in planning for Tribal
in tribal and rural development. (15Marks 2015)
development.
Critically assess the role of anthropologists in rural development.
(20Marks 2014) (. – 1997)
Using examples, comment on how anthropology can be utilized in
policy making. (20Marks – 2012)
Discuss the role of Anthropology’ in Tribal Development.
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