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reflect the views or policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), or its Board of Governors, or the
governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper
and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. Terminology used may not necessarily
be consistent with ADB official terms.
Some Key Gender Issues in HIV Prevention
y Cultural norms about female and male sexual
behaviour, motherhood and marriage
y Women’s economic dependence: lack of power to
negotiate safe sex with husbands or in sex work.
y Women’s physiology makes them more susceptible
y Women’s lower level of education limits access to
information on HIV prevention.
y Women have few or no inheritance right: increases
female insecurity‐ likely to result in high risk
behaviour.
y Stigma linking HIV to promiscuity
y Mobile men with money – risky behaviour
y Male physical and sexual violence @ women
increases risk of infection
Project Gender Action Plan
Output 1: Leadership support and associated institutional policies
for addressing HIV risks in the context of infrastructure
development
‐ Address gender specific needs of target populations in policy and
plans, cross border collaboration, etc.
‐ Integrate gender sensitization in all capacity development
interventions for government officials at various levels, cross border
police, construction managers, etc.
‐ Include discussion on gender issues, progress and recommendations
in mid and end project workshops, GMS forums.
Monitoring Indicators:
‐ # of gender sensitive HIV/STI advocacy strategies/ policies developed/
strengthened
‐ # of establishments with gender sensitive HIV/AIDS related workplace
policies/ programs developed or strengthened
‐ # of gender training provided to govt. staff, construction managers, etc
‐ # of men and women trained in project supported training
Project Gender Action Plan
Output 2: Improved awareness of HIV/AIDS, STI and human
trafficking in affected communities
‐ Baseline studies or BCC assessments include separate
consultation with men and women.
‐ Develop IEC/BCC materials that promote gender responsive
behaviour and break down gender stereotypes.
‐ Gender preferences related to media, outreach activities,
timeframe etc, integrated in communication strategies.
‐ 30‐50% social/ peer mobilizers, group facilitators are women
Monitoring indicators:
‐ Increased percentage of MMPs, sex workers and community
residents disaggregated by sex who correctly identify ways of
preventing HIV transmission
‐ # of men and women reached through events, community
outreach, etc.
‐ Awareness materials available in # and type of venues
frequented by women
Project Gender Action Plan
Output 3 : Ready availability of HIV/STI prevention commodities
(eg. condoms) and associated social marketing campaigns
‐ Provide female workers at construction sites with access to condoms as
part of occupational health and safety programs for each relevant
subproject (target 100% of all women).
‐ Ensure that condoms are available in settings where women are
employed (e.g., bars, karaoke bars, beer gardens).
‐ Provide condoms within a comprehensive package of sexual and
reproductive health care for women and men in different target
groups.
‐ Ensure site selection for the randomly selected retail survey is based
on women’s and men’s access to the sites.
Monitoring Indicators:
‐ Condoms available in # of entertainment and other settings where
women are employed
Project Gender Action Plan
Output 4 : Improved and expanded HIV and STI testing, treatment and
care services used by affected communities
‐ All protocols on HIV, STI and VCT strengthened and updated integrate
gender issues.
‐ 30‐50% females in gender training provided to all government health
staff and project volunteers
‐ Work with the DOH of health to establish confidential facilities/
services where women can access sexual and reproductive health
services, including information on HIV and STIs.
‐ Administer feedback mechanism/exit survey for male and female
clients who have received HIV, STI and VCT services (facility based or
mobile) to determine quality of care and associated stigma.
Monitoring Indicators:
‐ # of provincial health departments with gender sensitive updated
protocols in STI and HIV, VCT, treatment, care and support.
‐ Increased percentage of women and men with STI who went to a
facility for examination.
‐ # of men and women reached through mobile clinic or other outreach
services
Project Gender Action Plan
Output 5: Improved capacity for HIV and STI monitoring
with M&E indicators for HIV prevention in project area
‐ Project M&E to include gender specific indicators and sex
disaggregated data by ethnic group
Monitoring indicators:
‐ # of projects with gender specific indicators and sex
disaggregated database which are integrated in local
government units and partner institutions.
‐ # of project supported meetings and reports (quarterly,
mid‐ and end term) which integrate sex disaggregated
data to report on monitoring indicators.
‐ # of government staff trained on M&E disaggregated by
sex
Project Gender Action Plan
Output 6: Knowledge products and advocacy materials
and events related to HIV prevention in
infrastructure projects
‐ Integrate reporting on gender issues and lessons learnt in
dissemination workshops, policy dialogue, advocacy
materials and reports.
Monitoring indicator:
‐# of IEC, advocacy materials and knowledge products which
address gender issues developed and disseminated
through # of workshops.
Other Actions
y All sub‐contractors recruited to implement the
subprojects to have at least 40% female
representation, especially in implementation teams at
the community level.
y Gender actions and required resources to implement
the action are integrated within the overall
implementation and monitoring framework
Update on Implementation of Gender Action Plans
Group work by each Sub‐Project team
‐ Review the gender action plan and key monitoring indicators.
‐ Provide both quantitative and qualitative updates on each
activity‐ discuss achievements and challenges
‐ Given the remaining timeframe prioritize gender actions,
identify needed resources and propose way forward with
timeframe to realize the key monitoring indicators.
‐ 25 minutes for group work and 5 minutes for gallery
presentation
‐ Inputs related to way forward on gender action plans to be
integrated in group presentations on ways forward and fine
tuned during one on one consultations with the sub projects on
gender matters.
‐ THANK YOU ‐