UTILIZATION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY QUESTION BANK

UNIT – V
REFRIGERATION AND ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS

PART-A

1. What is Refrigeration?
Refrigeration is the process of continuously cooling or extraction of heat from the atmosphere or
surroundings with the help of external work.

2. What are all the elements of Refrigeration system?

 Condenser
 Compressor
 Evaporator
 Expansion Valve

3. Define Coefficient of performance.

Coefficient of performance is the ratio of work or useful output to the amount of work or energy
input, used generally as a measure of the energy-efficiency of air conditioners, space heaters and
other cooling and heating devices.

4. How Standard rating of refrigerating machine can be obtained?

The "standard rating of refrigeration" is obtained by refrigerating effect or amount of heat extracted
in a given time from a refrigerating body. The practical unit of refrigeration is generally represented
in terms of “tonne of refrigeration”

5. Draw the electrical circuit of refrigerator.

6. Define refrigeration effect.

Refrigeration effect is the amount of heat that each pound of refrigerant retains from
the refrigerated space to deliver helpful cooling.

7. How refrigerants are classified?

1. Primary Refrigerants
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2. Secondary refrigerants

The refrigerants which directly take parting the refrigeration system are called primary refrigerants
where as the refrigerants which are first cooled by primary refrigerants and then used for cooling
purposes, are known as secondary refrigerants. The primary refrigerants are further classified into
the following four groups:

1. Halo carbon refrigerants, 2. Azeotrope refrigerants, 3. Inorganic refrigerants, and 4. Hydro-carbon

refrigerants.

8. Define Air conditioning system.

The Maintenance of controlled atmosphere according to the requirements in a space is known as

“Air-conditioning’’. The controlled atmosphere which gives maximum comfort to the human beings
is known as comfort air-conditioning.

9. How water coolers are classified.

1. Instantaneous water coolers

2.Storage type water coolers

10. Define psychrometry.

The Science which deals with the study of the behavior of air and water vapour mixture is known as
Psychrometry. The properties of water vapour and air mixture are known as Psychrometric roperties.

11. Define specific humidity

It is the mass of water vapour present in 1kg of dry air and is expressed in terms of gram per kg of
dry air.

12. What is year round air conditioning?

The outside air flows through the damper and mixed up with the re-circulated air (which is obtained
from the conditioned space). The mixed air passes through a filter to remove dirt, dust and other
impurities. In summer air conditioning, the cooling coil operates to cool the air to the desired value.
The dehumidification is obtained by operating the cooling coil at a temperature lower than the dew
point temperature (apparatus dew point). In winter, the cooling coil is made inoperative and the
heating coil operates to heat the air. The spray type humidifier is also made use of in the dry season
to humidify the air.

13. Differentiate between C.O.P. and efficiency.

The efficiency of a heat (energy) transfering devices is called the coefficient of performance (COP)
unlike the energy conversion devices. COP is also the ratio of Energy Output to the Energy Input
like the energy efficiency.
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14. Define Degree of Saturation (µ).

It is the ratio of actual mass of water in a unit mass of dry air to the mass of water vapour in unit of
saturated air at same temperature and pressure.

15. What are all the factors affecting the air conditioning system.

1. Temperature
2. Humidity
3. Air motion
4. Purity

16. List out the basic elements of air conditioning system.

1. Fan
2. Filters
3. Refrigerating plants
4. Humidification
5. Means for warming

17. Define energy audit

An energy audit is an inspection survey and an analysis of energy flows for energy conservation
in a building. It may include a process or system to reduce the amount of energy input into the
system without negatively affecting the output.

18. What are the main steps in energy audit.

1. Data collection
2. Field work
3. Analysis of energy consumption and performance of energy accounting:
4. Analysis and development of energy saving measures:
5. Energy audit report:

19. Define Payback Period

The Payback Period helps to determine the length of time required to recover the initial cash outlay
in the project. Simply, it is the method used to calculate the time required to earn back the cost
incurred in the investments through the successive cash inflows.

20. An existing motor is identified as a 40-hp, 1800 rpm unit with an open drip-proof
enclosure. The motor is 12-years old and has not been rewound. Calculate input power.
The electrician makes the following measurements:
Measured Values: V ab = 467V I a = 36 amps PF a = 0.75
V bc = 473V I b = 38 amps PF b = 0.78
V ca = 469V I a = 37 amps PF c = 0.76
V = (467+473+469)/3 = 469.7 volts
I = (36+38+37)/3 = 37 amps
PF = (0.75+0.78+0.76)/3 = 0.763
469.7 x 37 x 0.763 x √3 1000 Pi = = 22.9 kW

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PART-B & PART-C

1. Enumerate the different ways of producing refrigeration.
2. Define air conditioning. Explain in detail about the factors on which air conditioning depends.
3. Explain in detail about the processes involved in energy auditing.
4. Draw electric circuit of a refrigerator and explain its working. How can temperature inside
the refrigerator are adjusted.
5. Elucidate the different types of air conditioning systems and explain how selection of air
conditioning is made based on their applications. With a neat diagram explain the ALL -
AIR Systems working principle and types.
6. Summarize the different types of refrigerants.
7. Enumerate the operation of different types of water coolers.
8. How refrigerator can be troubleshooted. Explain in detail with respective causes.
9. With neat diagram of electric circuit, analyse the operation of refrigerator.
10. With neat sketches enumerate the operation of smart air conditioning systems.

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