National Textile University

BSc. Textile Engineering

Introduction to Garments Manufacturing

Course code: GM-2041

Course title: Introduction to garments manufacturing

Semester: 4th

Section: (KN) E

Practical No: 05

Practical Title:

Study the Different Parts of Flat-lock Stitch Machine.

Submitted By

Name: Sohail Asghar

Reg No: 16-NTU-0159

Submitted To

Ma’am Muntaha Rafiq

Date Experiment was conducted: 07/03/2018

Date Report was submitted: 14/03/2018

Abstract:

Determination of different parts of flat lock stitch machine are observed, this experiment
provided a mechanism of flat lock stitch. The Flat lock Stitch is used decoratively to achieve
the look of applied trim on a garment, craft or home decorator projects. Special decorative
threads are used for a textured and dramatic embellishment effect.

Introduction:
Background:

This machine is used for decorative stitches. This machine is not commonly used. This
machine can be used as over lock machine. The Flat lock Stitch can also be used to serge
non-bulky seams. With differential feed and belt drive mechanism makes the operation
smooth, quiet and fast. Ideal for sewing knit fabric.

Theory:

The Flat lock Stitch is used decoratively to achieve the look of applied trim on a
garment, craft or home decorator projects. Special decorative threads are used for
a textured and dramatic embellishment effect. The Flat lock Stitch can also be used to
serge non-bulky seams. Both sides of the Flat locking Stitch are considered decorative.
The decorative loop effect is achieved when the Flat lock seams are stitched with the
Fabrics wrong sides together.

Objective:

1. To obtain a clear knowledge on particular actions of different parts of flat lock sewing
machine.
2. To clearly observe the mechanism, constructions and actions of different parts of 3
needles 5 thread flat lock sewing machine.

Equipment and material:

 Over lock machine
 Thread packages
 Fabric
Procedure:
All the parts of the flat lock stitch machine and their functioning was studied.

Different parts and functions:

 Thread guide pin rod assembly :

It gives path to all the threads. It holds the thread in a position.

 Thread tensioner assembly :

It is used to maintain the uniform tension of sewing thread during sewing. To control
the tension (i.e. increase or decrease the tension) of the sewing thread during sewing.

 Hand wheel:
A wheel located on the right side of the machine which is
driven by the motor; although it can be turned manually. To
rise the lower needle and take up the lower thread from
bobbin.
 Three Needle :
Needles are used to make hole on the fabric surface for passing the yarn from one side
to another for completing sewing action.

 Lopper :
Loppers are available in different shapes. In the case of flat lock machine loppers
holds the lower thread.

 Spreader :
Spreader work in conjunction with the looped to assist the loop formation. They in
fact move the thread but not carry the thread.

 Needle bar clamp:

Needle bar clamp is used to hold the needle bar.
 Needle plate or throat plate :
Throat plate is used for smooth movement of fabric. A plate under the presser foot
with an opening through which the needle moves up and down during stitching. This
plate has seam guides engraved into it.

 Needle bar :
This is a steel rod to hold the needle at one end with the help of a clamp. Its main
function is to give the motion to the needle.

 Spool pin: It is fitted on the top of the arm to hold the reel or spool of thread place.

 Slide plate :
A rectangular plate which facilitated the removal of the bobbin case without lifting
machine.
 Stitch dial :
It is used for increasing and decreasing the stitch density per inch (SPI) stitch per inch
during sewing.

 Presser foot :
It is fixed to the presser bar to hold the cloth firmly in position when lowered.

 Presser foot bar :

A bar to which the presser foot of a sewing machine is attached.

 Machine bed :
There are different types of machine bed. Bed is used to allow the easy movement of
the components being sewn.

 Belt :
The circular strap that transmits motion from the pulley to the hand wheel, allowing
the machine to operate.
 Face plate :
The cover on the left side of the bed that covers the needle bar and the presser bar.

 Oil gauge :
The part that indicates the amount of oil in self-oiling machine.

 Oil sight window :

Oil is present in this window and supplied to all the parts of the machine. Oil level
windows / sight glasses with a diameter up to 300 mm offer a large viewing area.

 Eye shield :
It is a plastic cover in front of needle to protect eye from needle breakage.

 Foot lifter :
For temporary lifting of presser foot, foot lifter is used.
 Machine stand :
A metal structure upon which the table is mounted.

 Thread stand :
A metal device that holds the thread cones.

 Presser foot lever :

It lifts and lowers the presser foot.

 Foot pedal :
Foot pedal operates as the car pedal, the more pressure apply to pedal the faster you
sew.

 Feed dogs :
The toothed mechanism beneath the presser foot that moves the fabric forward and
backward.
  Clutch or thumb screw :
This is in the centre of the fly wheel and it engages and disengages the stitching
mechanism.

 Motor :
The electrical unit that drives the machine.
 Power switch :
A key or button that turns the machine on and off.
Conclusion;
By this experiment we came able to know about all the parts of the flat lock sewing machine.
This type of machine cannot be used for normal purpose. But for making a complete garment
their importance cannot be denied. Flat lock machine can be used as the over lock sewing
machine. It is mostly used for decorative stitches.