CYCLONE DESIGN AND SPECIFICATION

The general principle of inertia separation is that the particulate-laden gas is forced to change
direction. As gas changes direction, the inertia of the particles causes them to continue in the
original direction and be separated from the gas stream. Cyclone is effective for particle diameters,
Dp > 10μm.

Cyclones are generally grouped into 3 classes:

• Conventional or general purpose.

• medium efficiency or high throughput Dp > 10μm.

• high efficiency or medium throughput. Dp > 20μm.

STREAM SPECIFICATIONS

Temperature 800C

Pressure 1atm

Particle size Tomato powder 100μm

Specific gravity of tomato powder 1.200

Viscosity of Hot at 800C 0.00002052Kg/m.s

Density of air at 800C 1.03Kg/m3

STANDARD CYCLONE DIMENSION (LAPPLE DIMESION)
Table 1.0: Conventional Dimensions

Source: Kashan Bashir, Design and fabrication of cyclone separator, China University of
Petroleum, 2015.

Figure 1: Cyclone
Source: Gavin Towler and Ray Sinnott, Chemical Engineering Design (2008)
CALCULATIONS FOR SPECIFICATION

Blower Calculations
Volumetric flow rate of Blower, Q = 0.194 m3/s
𝑄
velocity of air inlet duct, Vi =
𝑊𝐻
0.194
velocity of air inlet duct, Vi =
0.0762 x 0.1524

Vi = 16.70 m/s

Number of Effective turns

1 𝐿𝑐
Ne = [𝐿𝑏 + ]
𝐻 2

1 0.609
Ne = [0.609 + ]
0.1524 2

Ne = 6

Residence time
𝜋𝐷𝑁
Δt =
Vi

3.14 x 0.3048 x 6
Δt =
16.70

Δt = 0.34sec

Particle Drift Velocity

𝑊
Vt =
Δt
 0.0762
Vt =
0.34

Vt = 0.22 𝑚/𝑠𝑒𝑐

Cut point Diameter

1
9μW 2
dpc = [ ]
2πNVi(ρp − pa)

1
9x0.00002052x0.0762 2
dpc = [ ]
2x3.14x6x16.7x(1200 − 1.03)

dpc = 4.32 μm

Pressure Drop
1
αρVi2 2
ΔP = [ 2 ]
De

16HW
α = [ ]
De2

16x0.1524x0.0762
α = [ ]
0.023226

α = 1.22
 1
αρVi2 2
ΔP = [ 2 ]
De

1
1.22 x1.03x278.89 2
ΔP = [ ]
0.0232

ΔP = 123.00 Pa

Power Requirement
𝑊𝑓 = 𝑄𝛥𝑝

𝑊𝑓 = 0.194x123

𝑊𝑓 = 24J/sec

Outlet fluid Velocity

𝑄
Vo =
𝜋𝑟𝑖2

0.194
Vo =
3.14x0.005806

Vo = 10.6 m/sec

Collection Efficiency

1
𝑛𝑗 =
𝑑𝑝𝑐 2
1+( )
𝑑𝑝𝑗

Table 2: Particle size range

 Particle size range di (μm) Average Size Range, dj (μm)
0 100 50
100 200 150
200 300 250
300 400 350

1
𝑛𝑗 =
𝑑𝑝𝑐 2
1+( )
𝑑𝑝𝑗

1
𝑛𝑗 =
4.23 μm 2
1+( )
50 μm

𝑛𝑗 = 0.993

1
𝑛𝑗 =
6.28 μm 2
1+( )
150 μm

𝑛𝑗 = 0.999

1
𝑛𝑗 =
6.28 μm 2
1+( )
250 μm

𝑛𝑗 = 1.00

1
𝑛𝑗 =
6.28 μm 2
1+( )
350 μm

𝑛𝑗 = 1.00

The results are tabulated in the table 2:

Table 2: Separation Efficiency for Various Particle Size
dj 𝑛𝑗
50 0.998
150 0.999
250 1.000
350 1.000

1.0005

0.9995
Efficiency

0.999

0.9985

0.998

0.9975
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Particle size μm

Figures 8.1: relationship between efficiency and particle size for the cyclone

For a uniform particle size distribution of 150 μm, the efficiency is 100%.

Work done by ABDULKAREEM YUSUF TEMITOPE

160401529