Running head: TITLE OF THE PAPER 1

Title of the Paper

Student’s Name

Institutional Affiliation
TITLE OF THE PAPER 2

Abstract

Abstract should be included in the paper only if required in the instructions. Otherwise, please,

skip this page. If an abstract is required, note that it should briefly summarize the key points of

the research, e.g. the research questions, methods, participants, findings, conclusions, possible

implications etc. The abstract should be a single paragraph between 150 and 250 words. By

default neither direct nor indirect citations should be included here. Abstract is not counted

towards the required word count.

Keywords: abstract, requirements, key points, word count

TITLE OF THE PAPER 3

Title of the Paper

Begin typing your introduction here. Please note that no separate heading

(“Introduction”) is necessary. The introduction of a paper should end with a strong, debatable

thesis statement and approximately take 10% of the required word count. Please note that the

title page, headers, reference page, abstract, and appendices are not counted towards the required

word count.

First Level Heading

Unless required in the instructions, the headers should be used only in five-or-more-page

papers. The first sentence of a paragraph is always a topic sentence. It states the main idea or

argument presented in the paragraph. Topic sentence should be followed by supporting

information from the reliable and up-to-date sources. Avoid plagiarism using direct and/or

indirect citations followed by an in-text citation mentioning an author’s surname and a year of

publication (Pears & Graham, 2016). Only direct quotes require a page number in an in-text

citation. Do not leave a paragraph with a citation at the end. Every paragraph should end with a

transition sentence serving as a bridge between two adjacent paragraphs.

Second Level Heading

Use second level heading to specify the subpoints contributing to the topic mentioned in

the previous header. Regular paragraph indentation is required in this case. Please note that one

paragraph should at least contain 3 sentences and should not exceed 200 words. Try to avoid

generic and vague information, be specific and always refer to the thesis, i.e. the core argument

of an essay.
TITLE OF THE PAPER 4

Third level heading. Text follows immediately after this type of a heading, no additional

indentation is required. This type of a heading is applicable for the multiple-page papers, as it

contributes to well-organization and cohesiveness of a huge (more than 10 pages) paper.

Conclusion

Please note that there is no page brake before the conclusion, i.e. it should not be

presented on a separate page. It should restate the thesis statement, summarize the key ideas

presented in the paper, contain no new or outside information, and approximately take 10% of

the required word count.

For more information concerning in-text citations of sources containing more than two

authors, other types of references, as well as detailed APA formatting style requirements please

visit:

https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/ge

neral_format.html
TITLE OF THE PAPER 5

References

Pears, R., & Shields, G. J. (2016). Cite them right: the essential referencing guide. London:

Palgrave Macmillan.