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clock domains , For synchronizing we need a device which has some tolerance power to
hold the data that device is called FIFO. By using FIFO we can easily avoid overflow and
underflow conditions
In FIFO depth calculation we always have to consider worst case .Size of FIFO basically
implies that how much data is required to buffer. And it is totally depend on data rate of
reading and writing.
Writing side is Source and Reading Side is Sink. If the data rate of writing is higher than the
reading side’s data rate then the FIFO will now overflow. Another Type of depth calculation
can be done by this method:
Consider F1 is writing frequency and F2 is reading frequency (F1>F2) and Data Size is D (Data
Words)
Read side will take more time to read the data so that time is called mop-up time.
Following are some cases of FIFO depth calculation with perfect explanation.
Case: 1
Solution:
Case: 2
Writing Side = 80 Data/100 Clock = 100 MHz => 10ns Time Period
Reading Side = 80 Data/80 Clock = 80 MHz => 12.5ns Time Period
No Randomization
Solution:
Data Size is = 80
Data Rate of Writing =80*10=800ns
Data Rate of Reading=80*12.5=1000ns
Difference = 1000-800=200ns
Now divide with highest frequency time period = 200/10ns=20
Depth of FIFO Should be 20
Case: 3
Solution:
Solution:
So we will consider 200 Cycles. In 200 Cycle 160 Data is written. it means 160 data
continuously written in 160 clock it is the worst case .
At the reading side we will Read 8x16=128 data in 16x10=160 Clock Cycle.
So the Difference between Written Data and Read Back Data is = 160-128=32
FIFO Depth Should be 32