“AÑO DE LA LUCHA CONTRA LA CORRUPCION E IMPUNIDAD”

ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERÍA CIVIL

TEMA : ACTIVIDAD N° 3

DOCENTE : SILVA HUAMAN MARLON JOEL

CURSO : MATEMATICA IV

CICLO : V

INTEGRANTES : BERAUN DAVILA, CRISTHIAN JHOAU

PANDURO AMASIFUEN, JUAN ARNALDO
QUIÑONES ANGULO, KEVIN LUIGGY
CALDERON TUESTA, ABNER

PUCALLPA – PERÚ
2019
 I. 𝑬𝒏𝒄𝒖𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆 𝒂 ⃗ , 𝟐𝒂
⃗ +𝒃 ⃗ , ‖𝒂‖ 𝒚 ‖𝒂
⃗ + 𝟑𝒃 ⃗‖
⃗ −𝒃

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒄𝒊ó𝒏:

⃗ = (𝟏, 𝟐, −𝟑), ⃗𝒃 = (−𝟐, −𝟏, 𝟓)

1. 𝒂

𝑎 + 𝑏⃗ = (1, 2, −3) + (−2, −1 , 5)

𝑎 + 𝑏⃗ = (1 + (−2), 2 + (−1), (−3) + 5)

𝑎 + 𝑏⃗ = (−1, 1, 2)

2𝑎 + 3𝑏⃗ = 2(1, 2, −3) + 3(−2, −1 , 5)

2𝑎 + 3𝑏⃗ = (2, 4, −6) + (−6, −3, 15)

2𝑎 + 3𝑏⃗ = (−4, −1, 9)

‖𝑎‖ = ‖1, 2, −3‖

‖𝑎‖ = √12 + 22 + (−3)2

‖𝑎‖ = √14

‖𝑎 − 𝑏⃗‖ = ‖(1, 2, −3) − (−2, −1, 5)‖

‖𝑎 − 𝑏⃗‖ = ‖3, 3, −8‖

‖𝑎 − 𝑏⃗‖ = √32 + 32 + (−8)2

‖𝑎 − 𝑏⃗‖ = √82

⃗ = (𝟐, −𝟒, 𝟒), ⃗𝒃 = (𝟎, 𝟐, −𝟏)

2. 𝒂

𝑎 + 𝑏⃗ = (2, −4, 4) + (0, 2 , −1)

𝑎 + 𝑏⃗ = (2 + 0, (−4) + 2, 4 + (−1)

𝑎 + 𝑏⃗ = (2, −2, 3)

2𝑎 + 3𝑏⃗ = 2(2, −4, 4) + 3(0, 2, −1)

2𝑎 + 3𝑏⃗ = (4, −8, 8) + (0, 6, −3)

2𝑎 + 3𝑏⃗ = (4, −2, 5)

‖𝑎‖ = ‖2, −4, 4‖

‖𝑎‖ = √22 + (−4)2 + 42

‖𝑎‖ = 6

‖𝑎 − 𝑏⃗‖ = ‖(2, −4,4) − (0, 2, −1)‖

‖𝑎 − 𝑏⃗‖ = ‖2, −6, 5‖

‖𝑎 − 𝑏⃗‖ = √22 + (−6)2 + 52

‖𝑎 − 𝑏⃗‖ = √65

⃗ = (−𝟓, 𝟑, 𝟕), ⃗𝒃 = (𝟔, −𝟖, 𝟐)

3. 𝒂

𝑎 + 𝑏⃗ = (−5, 3, 7) + (6, −8, 2)

𝑎 + 𝑏⃗ = ((−5) + 6, 3 + (−8), 7 + 2

𝑎 + 𝑏⃗ = (2, −2, 3)

2𝑎 + 3𝑏⃗ = 2(−5, 3, 7) + 3(6, −8, 2)

2𝑎 + 3𝑏⃗ = (−10, 6, 14) + (18, −24, 6)

2𝑎 + 3𝑏⃗ = (8, −18, 20)

‖𝑎‖ = ‖−5, 3, 7‖

‖𝑎‖ = √(−5)2 + 32 + 72

‖𝑎‖ = √83

‖𝑎 − 𝑏⃗‖ = ‖(−5, 3, 7) − (6, −8, 2)‖

‖𝑎 − 𝑏⃗‖ = ‖−11, 11, 5‖

‖𝑎 − 𝑏⃗‖ = √(−11)2 + 112 + 52

‖𝑎 − 𝑏⃗‖ = √267
 II. ⃗ ∗ ⃗𝒃
𝑬𝒏𝒄𝒖𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆 𝒂

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒄𝒊ó𝒏:
𝟏 ⃗ = (𝟔, −𝟑, −𝟖)
⃗ = (𝟒, 𝟏, ) , 𝒃
1. 𝒂
𝟒

1
𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗ = ((4) ∗ (6) + (1) ∗ (−3) + ( ) ∗ −8)
4

𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗ = 24 − 3 − 2

𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗ = 19

⃗ = (𝒔, 𝟐𝒔, 𝟑𝒔), ⃗𝒃 = (𝒕, −𝒕, 𝟓𝒕)

2. 𝒂

𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗ = ((𝑠) ∗ (𝑡) + (2𝑠) ∗ (−𝑡) + (3𝑠) ∗ (5𝑡))

𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗ = (𝑠𝑡 − 2𝑠𝑡 + 15𝑠𝑡)

𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗ = 14𝑠𝑡

⃗ ‖=𝟓, 𝟐𝝅
3. ‖𝒂
⃗ ‖ = 𝟔 , ‖𝒃 ⃗ 𝒚 ⃗𝒃 𝒆𝒔
𝒆𝒍 á𝒏𝒈𝒖𝒍𝒐 𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆 𝒂 𝟑

𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑗𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑙 á𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠:

𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗
cos 𝜃 =
‖𝑎‖ ∗ ‖𝑏⃗‖

2𝜋 𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗
cos ( ) =
3 6∗5
𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑎 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑥𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠:
2𝜋 180°
∗ = 120°
3 𝜋
𝑃𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑜 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜:

𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗
cos(120°) = = 𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗
30
𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗ = −15
 III. Un vendedor ambulante vende 𝒂 hamburguesas, 𝒃 hot dogs y 𝒄 bebidas
carbonatadas en un día especifico. Cobra $2 por una hamburguesa, $1.50 por un
hot dog y $ 1 por una bebida carbonatada. Si ⃗𝑨 = (𝒂, 𝒃, 𝒄) y ⃗𝑷
⃗ = (𝟐, 𝟏. 𝟓, 𝟏) ¿Cuál
es el significado del producto punto ⃗𝑨 ∗ ⃗𝑷
⃗?

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒄𝒊ó𝒏:

𝐴 = (𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) , 𝑃⃗ = (2, 1.5, 1)

𝐴 ∗ 𝑃⃗ = (𝑎) ∗ (2) + (𝑏) ∗ (1.5) + (𝑐) ∗ (1)

𝐴 ∗ 𝑃⃗ = 2𝑎, 1.5𝑏, 𝑐

IV. 𝑬𝒏𝒄𝒖𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆 𝒍𝒂 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒚𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒆𝒔𝒄𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒚 𝒗𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒆𝒍 𝒗𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 ⃗𝒃 𝒔𝒐𝒃𝒓𝒆 𝒂

⃗

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒄𝒊ó𝒏:

⃗ = (𝟑, 𝟔, −𝟐) ,
1. 𝒂 ⃗ = (𝟏, 𝟐, 𝟑)
𝒃

𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑦𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟: 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑎⃗ 𝑏⃗ =
‖𝑎‖

𝑎 = (3, 6, −2) , 𝑏⃗ = (1, 2, 3)

𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠:

𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗ = (3, 6, −2) ∗ (1, 2, 3) = 9

𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑙𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟:

‖𝑎‖ = √32 + 62 + (−2)2 = 7

𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗ 9
𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑠: =
‖𝑎‖ 7

𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑦𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙: 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑎⃗ 𝑏⃗ = ∗𝑎
‖𝑎‖2

𝑎 = (3, 6, −2) , 𝑏⃗ = (1, 2, 3)

9
𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜: (3, 6, −2)
72
27 54 18
𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜: ( , , − )
49 49 49
 ⃗ = (−𝟐, 𝟑, −𝟔) ,
2. 𝒂 ⃗ = (𝟓, −𝟏, 𝟒)
𝒃

𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑦𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟: 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑎⃗ 𝑏⃗ =
‖𝑎‖

𝑎 = (−2, 3, −6) , 𝑏⃗ = (5, −1, 4)

𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠:

𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗ = (−2, 3, −6) ∗ (5, −1, 4) = −37

𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑙𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟:

‖𝑎‖ = √(−2)2 + 32 + (−6)2 = 7

𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗ −37
𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑠: =
‖𝑎‖ 7

𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑦𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙: 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑎⃗ 𝑏⃗ = ∗𝑎
‖𝑎‖2

𝑎 = (−2, 3, −6) , 𝑏⃗ = (5, −1, 4)

−37
𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜: (−2, 3, −6)
72
74 111 222
𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜: ( , − ,− )
49 49 49

⃗ = (𝟐, −𝟏, 𝟒) ,
3. 𝒂 ⃗ = (𝟎, 𝟏, 𝟏)
𝒃
𝟐

𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑦𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟: 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑎⃗ 𝑏⃗ =
‖𝑎‖
1
𝑎 = (2, −1, 4) , 𝑏⃗ = (0, 1, )
2
𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠:
1
𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗ = (2, −1, 4) ∗ (0, 1, ) = 1
2
𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑙𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟:

‖𝑎‖ = √22 + (−1)2 + 42 = √21

𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗ 1
𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑠: =
‖𝑎‖ √21
 𝑎 ∗ 𝑏⃗
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑦𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙: 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑎⃗ 𝑏⃗ = ∗𝑎
‖𝑎‖2
1
𝑎 = (2, −1, 4) , 𝑏⃗ = (0, 1, )
2
1
𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜: 2
(2, −1, 4)
√21
2 1 4
𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜: ( , − , )
21 21 21

V. Un trineo es jalado por una cuerda a lo largo de un sendero nivelado. Una fuerza
de 30 libras que actúa a un ángulo de 40° sobre la horizontal mueve al trineo 80
pies. Encuentre el trabajo realizado por la fuerza.

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒄𝒊ó𝒏:
80 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑠 = 24,384 𝑚𝑡𝑠 30 𝑙𝑖𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑠 = 133.44 𝑁
𝐹𝑥 = 𝐹 ∗ 𝑐𝑜𝑠∅ = (133.44 𝑁) ∗ (cos 40°)
𝐹𝑥 = 102,22 𝑁

𝑇 = (𝐹𝑥) ∗ (𝑑) = (102,22 𝑁) ∗ (24,384 𝑚)

𝑇 = 2492,53 𝐽

VI. 𝑬𝒏𝒄𝒖𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆 𝒆𝒍 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒅𝒖𝒄𝒕𝒐 𝒄𝒓𝒖𝒛 𝒂 ⃗

⃗ ×𝒃

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒄𝒊ó𝒏:

1. 𝑎 = (6, 0, −2) , 𝑏⃗ = (0, 8, 0)

𝑎 × 𝑏⃗ = (0 ∗ 0 − (−2 ∗ 8), −2 ∗ 0 − 6 ∗ 0 , 6 ∗ 8 − 0 ∗ 0)

𝑎 × 𝑏⃗ = (16, 0, 48)
 2. 𝑎 = (1, 3, −2) , 𝑏⃗ = (−1, 0, 5)

𝑎 × 𝑏⃗ = (3 ∗ 5 − (−2 ∗ 0), −2(1) − 1 ∗ 5 , 1 ∗ 0 − 3(1))

𝑎 × 𝑏⃗ = (15, −3, 3)

3. 𝑎 = (1, 𝑒 𝑡 , 𝑒 −𝑡 ) , 𝑏⃗ = (2, 𝑒 𝑡 , −𝑒 −𝑡 )

𝑎 × 𝑏⃗ = (𝑒 𝑡 (−𝑒 −𝑡 )−𝑒 −𝑡 𝑒 𝑡 , 𝑒 −𝑡 ∗ 2 − 1 ∗ (−𝑒 𝑡 ), 1 ∗ 𝑒 𝑡 − 𝑒 𝑡 − 𝑒 𝑡 ∗ 2)

𝑎 × 𝑏⃗ = (−2, 3𝑒 −𝑡 , −𝑒 𝑡 )

VII. ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ,
𝑯𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒆 𝒆𝒍 𝒗𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆𝒏 𝒅𝒆𝒍 𝒑𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒍𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒑í𝒑𝒆𝒅𝒐 𝒄𝒐𝒏 𝒂𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒔 𝒂𝒅𝒚𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒔 𝑷𝑸
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝒚 𝑷𝑺
𝑷𝑹

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒄𝒊ó𝒏:
1. 𝑷(𝟐, 𝟎, −𝟏) ; 𝑸(𝟒, 𝟏, 𝟎) ; 𝑹(𝟑, −𝟏, 𝟏) ; 𝑺(𝟐, −𝟐, 𝟐)
⃗ = (4, 1, 0) − (2, 0, −1)
𝑃⃗𝑄
⃗ = (2, 1, 1)
𝑃⃗𝑄

𝑃⃗𝑅⃗ = (3, −1, 1) − (2, 0, −1)

𝑃⃗𝑅⃗ = (1, −1, 2)

𝑃⃗𝑆 = (2, −2, 2) − (2, 0, −1)

𝑃⃗𝑆 = (0, −2, 3)

2 1 1
𝑎 ∗ (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐) = |1 −1 2|
0 −2 3

−1 2 1 2 1 −1
𝑎 ∗ (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐) = 2 | | − 1| |+ 1| |
−2 3 −1 3 0 −2

𝑎 ∗ (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐) = 2(−3 + 4) − 1(3 + 2) + 1(−2 + 0)

𝑎 ∗ (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐) = 2(1) − 1(5) + 1(−2)

𝑎 ∗ (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐) = 2 − 5 − 2

𝑎 ∗ (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐) = −5
 2. 𝑷(𝟑, 𝟎, 𝟏) ; 𝑸(−𝟏, 𝟐, 𝟓) ; 𝑹(𝟓, 𝟏, − 𝟏) ; 𝑺(𝟎, 𝟒, 𝟐)
⃗ = (−1, 2, 5) − (3, 0, 1)
𝑃⃗𝑄
⃗ = (−4, 2, 4)
𝑃⃗𝑄

𝑃⃗𝑅⃗ = (5, 1, − 1) − (3, 0, 1)

𝑃⃗𝑅⃗ = (2, 1, −2)

𝑃⃗𝑆 = (0, 4, 2) − (3, 0, 1)

𝑃⃗𝑆 = (−3, 4, 1)

−4 2 4
𝑎 ∗ (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐) = | 2 1 −2|
−3 4 1

1 −2 2 −2 2 1
𝑎 ∗ (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐) = −4 | |− 2| |+ 4| |
4 1 −3 1 −3 4

𝑎 ∗ (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐) = −4(1 + 3) − 2(2 − 6) + 4(8 + 3)

𝑎 ∗ (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐) = −4(9) − 2(−4) + 4(11)

𝑎 ∗ (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐) = −36 + 8 + 44

𝑎 ∗ (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐) = −16
 3. 𝑷(𝟏, 𝟐, 𝟑) ; 𝑸(𝟑, −𝟏, 𝟔) ; 𝑹(𝟓, 𝟐, 𝟎) ; 𝑺(𝟑, 𝟔, −𝟒)
⃗ = (3, −1, 6) − (1, 2, 3)
𝑃⃗𝑄
⃗ = (2, −3, 3)
𝑃⃗𝑄

𝑃⃗𝑅⃗ = (5, 2, 0) − (1, 2, 3)

𝑃⃗𝑅⃗ = (4, 0, −3)

𝑃⃗𝑆 = (3, 6, −4) − (1, 2, 3)

𝑃⃗𝑆 = (2, 4, −7)

2 −3 3
𝑎 ∗ (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐) = |4 0 −3|
2 4 −7

0 −3 4 −3 4 0
𝑎 ∗ (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐) = 2 | | − (−3) | |+ 3| |
4 −7 2 −7 2 4

𝑎 ∗ (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐) = 2(0 − (−12)) + 3(−28 + 6) + 3(16 − 03)

𝑎 ∗ (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐) = 2(12) + 3(−22) + 3(16)

𝑎 ∗ (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐) = 24 − 66 + 48

𝑎 ∗ (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐) = 6