GENTLE Thevenin Norton: January 2015

See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.
net/publication/271442672
GENTLE Thevenin Norton
Data · January 2015
CITATIONS READS
0 186
1 author:
Sudha Balagopalan
Vidya Academy of Science & Technology
29 PUBLICATIONS 16 CITATIONS
SEE PROFILE
Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:
Baluchistan Studies View project
How History Moves ? Man's Role in history ? View project
All content following this page was uploaded by Sudha Balagopalan on 27 January 2015.
The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

Preliminaries
Circuits with Dependent sources
Summary
Solution of Electric Circuits

Using Thevenin’s & Norton’s Equivalents
Sudha Balagopalan
Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Principal, Vidya Academy of Science and Technology
IUCEE
5th NOVEMBER 2014
Sudha Balagopalan GENTLE

Preliminaries
Summary
Outline
1 Preliminaries
The Theorems
Simple dc problems
2 Circuits with Dependent sources

Problems with dependent sources
ac Circuits where students face difficulties

Preliminaries
The Theorems
Simple dc problems
Summary
Outline
1 Preliminaries
The Theorems
Simple dc problems


Preliminaries
The Theorems
Simple dc problems
Summary
Thevenin’s & Norton’s

An equivalent circuit from a pair of terminals
at terminals ab VTH is the open circuited voltage; IN

the short circuited current
RTH (ZTH ) Thevenin impedance from ab, with sources
killed
Sources are replaced by their internal impedances
Preliminaries
The Theorems
Simple dc problems
Summary
Outline
1 Preliminaries
The Theorems
Simple dc problems


Preliminaries
The Theorems
Simple dc problems
Summary
Thevenin or Norton?
Thevenin’s equivalent preferred because of separation of

circuit into 2 parts
Preliminaries
The Theorems
Simple dc problems
Summary
Thevenin and Norton
Let us try both Thevenin’s and Norton’s equivalent this

time
Preliminaries
The Theorems
Simple dc problems
Summary
Thevenin’s Equivalent
With ab open circuited, 1A from current source flows into

the voltage source; Now VTH = 10V . Thevenin’s
impedance from ab is 10Ω.
Preliminaries
The Theorems
Simple dc problems
Summary
Norton’s Equivalent
IN is obtained by superposition of 0.5A from 1A & 0.5 A

from 5V source; So IN = 1A.

Preliminaries
The Theorems
Simple dc problems
Summary
Norton’s Equivalent solves easier, here
Current through the 2Ω resistor is required which we will

short circuit

Preliminaries
The Theorems
Simple dc problems
Summary
Norton’s Equivalent making a SC an OC
The Wheatstone structure around the 2Ω resistor makes

contribution to IN from both 2V & 1A sources 0; Thus
IN = 0, an open circuit.
Preliminaries
The Theorems
Simple dc problems
Summary
Thevenin’s Impedance
Then, RTH = 1Ω by solving the delta ( 13 Ω) each and

adding the parallel 34 Ω. Connecting 2V source & 2Ω back
to Norton’s equivalent of 1Ω,current thro’ 2Ω = 32 A

Preliminaries
Summary

Underlying theory
When dependent sources are present in a circuit-

source transformation, if possible is acceptable
To apply superposition replacing the dependent
source with equivalent impedance is not possible
However Thevenin’s and Norton’s methods can be
used,but simultaneously
Kirchhoff’s laws are used to solve out VTH &IN , values
or expressions
Thevenin’s impedance is given by RTH (ZTH ) = VITHN

Preliminaries
Summary
Outline
1 Preliminaries
The Theorems
Simple dc problems


Preliminaries
Summary
A circuit with dependent current source

In the network given, find RL for maximum power transfer
For maximum power transferRL = RTH . So let us find both

the equivalents.
Preliminaries
Summary
Thevenin’s & Norton’s equivalent of circuit
Now, VTH = −0.5Ix x20 = −10Ix = 50 + 40Ix ; Solving,

Ix = 1A. Norton’s current IN = 0.5Ix + 45 where Ix = − 45 ;
Thus IN = 58 ; RTH = 16Ω

Preliminaries
Summary
A circuit with dependent voltage source
Thevenin’s and Norton’s equivalents needed to get RTH .

Here, VTH = iV
Preliminaries
Summary
Thevenin’s & Norton’s equivalent of circuit
Solving KVL of left mesh 2i + 2 − 1.5ii = i; i = 4V .Thus

VTH = 4V ; Norton’s current IN = 2 + 2i1 . But, then
i = 0; IN = 2A; This means that RTH = 2Ω

Preliminaries
Summary
Outline
1 Preliminaries
The Theorems
Simple dc problems


Preliminaries
Summary
Problem to demonstrate AC is easy

Preliminaries
Summary
AC comes easy, with observation
As complex as the circuit looks, so simple is going to be

the solution.
Thevenin’s impedance, from RL , absolves the current
I2 of any responsibility; it becomes 0
This is welcome- it shorts the dependent voltage
source j40i2 .
Now the impedance in left loop is 5∠53.130 Ω. Hence
i1 = 20∠0A ; Voltage a/c j4 inductor, vL1 is equal to
80∠90V
Then Thevenin’s voltage is 10VL1 = 800∠900 V

Preliminaries
Summary
Summary
Decide the solution technique based on the topology

of the circuit and type of sources.
No circuit is complicated. If it looks tough, it should
be least complex.
Observation skills feel for circuitry, and visualization
powers are the watchwords.
View publication stats Sudha Balagopalan GENTLE

GENTLE Thevenin Norton: January 2015

Cargado por

Información del documento

Descripción original:

Título original

Derechos de autor

Formatos disponibles

Compartir este documento

Compartir o incrustar documentos

Opciones para compartir

¿Le pareció útil este documento?

¿Este contenido es inapropiado?

Copyright:

Formatos disponibles

GENTLE Thevenin Norton: January 2015

Cargado por

Copyright:

Formatos disponibles

See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

GENTLE Thevenin Norton

Data · January 2015

Baluchistan Studies View project

How History Moves ? Man's Role in history ? View project

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

Solution of Electric Circuits

Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Sudha Balagopalan GENTLE

2 Circuits with Dependent sources

Sudha Balagopalan GENTLE

2 Circuits with Dependent sources

Sudha Balagopalan GENTLE

Thevenin’s & Norton’s

at terminals ab VTH is the open circuited voltage; IN

2 Circuits with Dependent sources

Sudha Balagopalan GENTLE

Thevenin’s equivalent preferred because of separation of

Thevenin and Norton

Let us try both Thevenin’s and Norton’s equivalent this

With ab open circuited, 1A from current source flows into

IN is obtained by superposition of 0.5A from 1A & 0.5 A

Sudha Balagopalan GENTLE

Norton’s Equivalent solves easier, here

Current through the 2Ω resistor is required which we will

Sudha Balagopalan GENTLE

Norton’s Equivalent making a SC an OC

The Wheatstone structure around the 2Ω resistor makes

Then, RTH = 1Ω by solving the delta ( 13 Ω) each and

Sudha Balagopalan GENTLE

Circuits with Dependent sources

When dependent sources are present in a circuit-

Sudha Balagopalan GENTLE

2 Circuits with Dependent sources

Sudha Balagopalan GENTLE

A circuit with dependent current source

For maximum power transferRL = RTH . So let us find both

Thevenin’s & Norton’s equivalent of circuit

Now, VTH = −0.5Ix x20 = −10Ix = 50 + 40Ix ; Solving,

Sudha Balagopalan GENTLE

A circuit with dependent voltage source

Thevenin’s and Norton’s equivalents needed to get RTH .

Thevenin’s & Norton’s equivalent of circuit

Solving KVL of left mesh 2i + 2 − 1.5ii = i; i = 4V .Thus

Sudha Balagopalan GENTLE

2 Circuits with Dependent sources

Sudha Balagopalan GENTLE

Problem to demonstrate AC is easy

Sudha Balagopalan GENTLE

AC comes easy, with observation

As complex as the circuit looks, so simple is going to be

Sudha Balagopalan GENTLE

Decide the solution technique based on the topology

View publication stats Sudha Balagopalan GENTLE

También podría gustarte