Cálculos

a) Calcule el % en peso teórico de A en cada mezcla, a partir de los volúmenes de

cada componente
a.1) hallamos la densidad del 1-propanol a 24°C
𝑔
𝜌24(𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎) = 0.9974 𝑚𝑙
𝑔
𝐺𝐸(𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑙) = 0.8076
𝑚𝑙
𝛽(𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑙) = 1.22 × 10−23 𝐶 −1
𝜌15 0.8076 𝑔
𝜌24(𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑙) = = −23
= 0.7988
(1 − 𝛽)(15 − 𝑇) (1 − 1.22 × 10 )(15 − 24) 𝑚𝑙

a.2) hallamos el porcentaje en peso teórico del 1-propanol en la mezcla

𝑤
𝜌= →𝑤 =𝜌×𝑣
𝑣
𝑝𝑒𝑠𝑜 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑝𝑜𝑙 𝑊𝐴
%𝑊𝐴 = × 100 = × 100
𝑝𝑒𝑠𝑜 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑊𝐴 + 𝑊𝐵
𝜌𝐴 × 𝑉𝐴
%𝑊 = × 100
𝜌𝐴 × 𝑉𝐴 + 𝜌𝐵 × 𝑉𝐵

Donde: A: propanol B: agua

0% VA : VA= 0 ml VB= 3 ml
0.7988 × 0
%𝑊𝐴 = × 100 = 0
0.7988 × 0 + 0.9974 × 3
5% VA : VA= 0.15 ml VB= 2.85 ml
0.7988×0.15
%𝑊𝐴 = 0.9788×0.15+0.9974×2.85 × 100 =4.045

10% VA : VA= 0.3ml VB= 2.70ml

0.7988 × 0.3
%𝑊𝐴 = × 100 = 8.172
0.7988 × 0.3 + 0.9974 × 2.70
20% VA : VA= 0.6 ml VB= 2.40 ml
0.7988×0.6
%𝑊𝐴 = × 100 =16.68
0.7988×0.6+0.9974×2.40

30% VA : VA= 0.9 ml VB= 2.10 ml

0.7988 × 0.9
%𝑊𝐴 = × 100 = 25.55
0.7988 × 0.9 + 0.9974 × 2.10
40% VA : VA= 1.2 ml VB= 1.8 ml
0.7988×1.2
%𝑊𝐴 = 0.7988×1.2+0.9974×1.8 × 100 =34.81
50% VA : VA= 1.5 ml VB= 1.5 ml
0.7988 × 1.5
%𝑊𝐴 = × 100 = 44.47
0.7988 × 1.5 + 0.9974 × 1.5
60% VA : VA= 1.8ml VB= 1.2 ml
0.7988×1.8
%𝑊𝐴 = 0.7988×1.8+0.9974×1.2 × 100 =54.57

80% VA : VA= 2.4 ml VB= 0.6 ml

0.7988 × 2.4
%𝑊𝐴 = × 100 = 76.21
0.7988 × 2.4 + 0.9974 × 0.6
100% VA : VA= 3ml VB= 0 ml
0.7988 × 3
%𝑊𝐴 = × 100 = 100
0.7988 × 3 + 0.9974 × 3
b) Calcule la fracción molar del componente más volátil en cada mezcla.
𝑀̅𝐵 𝜌𝐴 𝑣𝐴
𝑥̅𝐴 =
̅𝐵 𝜌𝐴 𝑣𝐴 + 𝑀
𝑀 ̅𝐴 𝜌𝐵 𝑣𝐵
0%VA : VA= 0 ml VB= 3ml
18.01 × 0.7988 × 0
𝑥̅ = =0
18.01 × 0.7988 × 0 + 60.10 × 0.9974 × 3
5%VA : VA= 0.15ml VB= 3ml
18.01×0.7988×0
𝑥̅ = =0.012
18.01×0.7988×0+60.10×0.9974×3

10%VA : VA= 0.3 ml VB= 2.7ml

18.01×0.7988×0.3
𝑥̅ = 18.01×0.7988×0.3+60.10×0.9974×2.7 =0.026

20%VA : VA= 0.6 ml VB= 2.4ml

18.01×0.7988×0.6
𝑥̅ = =0.057
18.01×0.7988×0.6+60.10×0.9974×2.4

30%VA : VA= 0.9 ml VB= 2.1ml

18.01×0.7988×0.9
𝑥̅ = 18.01×0.7988×0.9+60.10×0.9974×2.1 =0.093

40%VA : VA= 1.2 ml VB= 1.8ml

18.01×0.7988×1.2
𝑥̅ = 18.01×0.7988×1.2+60.10×0.9974×1.8 =0.138
 50%VA : VA= 1.5 ml VB= 1.5ml
18.01×0.7988×1.5
𝑥̅ = 18.01×0.7988×1.5+60.10×0.9974×1.5 =0.194

60%VA : VA= 1.8 ml VB= 1.2ml

18.01×0.7988×1.8
𝑥̅ = 18.01×0.7988×1.8+60.10×0.9974×1.2 =0.265

80%VA : VA= 2.4 ml VB= 0.6ml

18.01×0.7988×2.4
𝑥̅ = 18.01×0.7988×2.4+60.10×0.9974×0.6 =0.490

100%VA : VA= 3 ml VB= 0ml

18.01 × 0.7988 × 3
𝑥̅ = =1
18.01 × 0.7988 × 3 + 60.10 × 0.9974 × 0

c) Usando la ecuación (5), determine el % en peso experimental de A

Calculando la densidad de la mezcla :
𝑊𝐴 + 𝑊𝐵
𝜌0 =
𝑉𝑇

5%VA : VA= 0.15ml VB=2.85ml

WA=0.1198g WB=2.8425 g

0.1198 + 2.8425 𝑔
𝜌0 = = 0.9874
3 𝑚𝑙
Porcentaje en peso experimental
Escriba aquí la ecuación.
100(𝑛0 − 1) 100(𝑛𝐵 − 1) 𝜌𝐴 × 𝜌𝐵
𝑃𝐴 = [ − ]×[ ]
𝜌0 𝜌𝐵 𝜌𝐵(𝑛𝐴 − 1) − 𝜌𝐴(𝑛𝐵 − 1)

100(1.3374 − 1) 100(1.3328 − 1) 0.7988 × 0.9974

𝑃𝐴 = [ − ]×[ ] = 5.64
0.9874 0.9974 0.9974(1.390 − 1) − 0.7988(1.3328 − 1)