Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Made Simple
Contents
Nouns
Conjunctions
Adjectives
Sentence Connectors
Adverbs
Tenses: Present and Past
Subject-Verb Agreement
Common Errors
Singular and Plural Nouns
Articles
Prepositions
Subject-Verb Agreement
Pronouns
Tenses
Passive and Active Voice
Grammar items
-Type of mistakes made 1
-Type of mistake made 2
-Type of mistake made 3
Nouns
Types of Nouns
Common Nouns
Refers to general names of people, animals, places and things
Example: brother, cat, table, school, ’ garden, kitchen, etc.
Proper Nouns
Refers to particular persons, animals or places and things
Example: Reduan, Mr Lim, Kuala Lumpur, Proton, etc.
Abstract Nouns
Refers to an idea, a concept, quality or feeling
Example: truth, ability, pride, hate, love, happiness, etc.
Collective Nouns
Refers to a group of people, animals or things
Example: a herd of elephants, a swarm of bees, a fleet of cars, etc.
Types of Conjunction
(1) To show similar value or function - and, both
Examples:
Mother bought some apples and grapes.
Both of my sisters live in Kuala Lumpur.
(2) To show contrast - but, although, however
Examples:
Lucy can sing well but she cannot dance.
Although she arrived early, the train had already left.
(3) To show consequence or result - so, since
Examples:
Since Jessie was sick she did not go to the concert.
Dennis was not at home so Laila left him a note.
(4) To show reasons - because, as
Examples:
Tommy was punished because he was late for school.
As Ashwin is good in English he must give the speech.
(5) To show two or more actions happening at once - while, when
Examples:
Switch off the lights when you leave the room.
Mrs Wong read a book while waiting for her son.
Adjectives
(1) Adjectives of quality
We saw beautiful flowers.
Swee Lan is generous.
(2) Interrogative adjectives
Where is your new bicycle?
Whose magazine is this?
(3) Distributive adjectives
Every Scout must wear his uniform.
Each student must join the club.
(4) Demonstrative adjectives
The red bag is mine.
Those books are his
(5) Possessive adjectives
Can you please return my CDs tomorrow?
This is their class.
(6) Adjectives of quantity
Robert has many cars.
She brought plenty of food.
Sentence Connectors
(1) To show sequential order – firstly, secondly, next, after that, then, finally
and others
Example:
Firstly, you must wash the vegetables. Then slice them accordingly. Finally, stir fry the
vegetables in a frying pan.
(2) To show cause and effect – consequently, therefore, as a result of, thus
and others
Example:
Darwin did not sturdy for the test. As a result, he could not answer any of the questions.
(3) To show contrast – on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, in
comparison and others
Example:
Amy likes to go to the beach. In contrast, her sister Lisa likes to go mountain climbing.
(4) To show additional information – besides, furthermore, in addition,
also and others
Example:
Besides nurses, we need doctors. In addition, we will also welcome medical supplies for
the refugees.
(5) To show similar ideas – similarly, likewise, also and others
Example:
I had dinner at home. Similarly, my friend Julie also had dinner at home last night.
Types of Adverbs
(1) Adverbs of place - Tell us where an action takes place
Example:
Leave your bags here.
The post office is across the road.
(2) Adverbs of time – Tell us when an action takes place
Examples:
Mother is cooking dinner now.
John is leaving for Japan soon.
(3) Adverbs of manner – Tell us how an action is carried out
Example:
The girl ran quickly up the stairs.
The man donated generously to the cause.
(4) Adverbs of degree – Tell the degree or extent of an action
Example:
The driver was severely injured.
I need more time to complete the test.
Subject-verb Agreement
(Must agree in number)
(1) Singular subject
-Takes singular verb
-Add ‘-s’ to singular verbs
-Uncountable, abstract and collective nouns take singular verbs
(2) Plural subject
-Takes plural verb
-Plural verbs retain the original form
-Compound subject takes plural verbs
Examples:
Singular
-Ann works hard in school.
-Mother likes to sing.
-The information is confidential.
-A herd of elephants runs into the village.
Plural
-They work hard in school.
-Mother and Father like to sing.
-We attend tuition class every day.
-You and Ali are late.
COMMON ERRORS
Singular and Plural Nouns
(a) Singular Nouns
There is a house at the top of the hill.
I don’t have a sister.
The boy is playing in the field.
(b) Plural Nouns
There are only a few houses at the top of the hill.
She has five sisters.
Some boys are playing in the field.
(c) X - Wrong
There are only a few house at the top of the hill.
She has many sister.
Some boy are playing in the field. "
Exercise
She arranged the (furniture/furnitures) in this room. ______
She bought a sack of (rice/rices) from the grocery shop._____
Benjamin’s best friend gave him some good (advice/advices).____
Her beautiful hazel brown (eye/eyes) are simply captivating._____
The (food/foods) they packed for the camping trip went bad.______
We saw the (fruit/fruits) of our labour on the orphan’s happy faces.____
Puan Atira has four (child/children); two boys and two girls._____
There were two (man/men) and three (woman/women) teachers in the
staffroom._____
There are more (chicken/chickens) in the world than any other kind of bird._____
Did you know that (baby/babies) are born without kneecaps?_____
She saw a (mouse/mice) in the kitchen._____
The children are riding their (bicycle/bicycles)._____
Articles
Article ✓ Right X Wrong
Subject-Verb Agreement
The subject of a sentence must agree with the verb of a sentence:
-In number: singular vs. plural
-In person: first, second, or third person
✓ Right X Wrong
Pronouns
Pronouns ✓ Right X Wrong
Tenses
Tenses ✓ Right X Wrong
Exercise
Write the correct words in the spaces provided.
They plays football in the park every weekend._____
The patient die of a heart attack.____
Has Nancy took her vitamins yet?_____
He was late for the meeting. Luckily, no one notice._____
While I am watching television last night, someone called me._____
The nurse noticed that the baby has turned blue and wasn’t breathing._____
When my father was doing his work in his study, we will not disturb him.____
I am living in Kepong since last September._____
The phone rung while I was doing my homework._____
I have receive your letter last month._____
Has anyone ever tell you to knock before you enter a room?_____
Have you wrote a note to your grandfather to thank him for the present?_____
The use of Contractions Contractions can only be used Do not use contractions such
in writing dialogues and as I’m, don’t or couldn’t in
informal letters. exams
The use of Modals + also Richard can also make ... Richard also can make ...
Pronoun I used with a group My friends and I ... My family I and my friends ... I and my
of people and I . . . family ...
Verb after Prepositions By sitting on the chair, you By sit on the chair, you will
will be served. be served.
Before going to school, take Before go to school, take your
your bag. bag.
After coming to my house, After come to my house, he
he likes it. likes it.
Exercise
Write the correct words in the spaces provided.
After tied up the thief, I called the police immediately._____
“Stop cry or I will hit you,” he shouted angrily._____
This problem can be solved by control pollution that area._____
I saw a man climbed over the gate of my neighbour._____
On Chinese New Year’s Eve I and my family have dinner together._____
John also will go to her house._____
Who should Ali give the book to?_____
The watch, who belongs to the boy, is with the teacher now._____
Exercise
Write the correct words in the spaces provided.
If you have a car, you can travelled around Penang easily._____
When she is free, she will helps us voluntarily._____
He can easily recognises his old friends because they were very close.____
Suddenly, I saw a group of people walk towards me angrily._____
She is used to read books under the tree._____
I will be looking forward to hear from you soon as I miss you very much._____
The boys and the girls ought to go and practising in the field._____
Never stop remind them about the importance of the examination._____
| Nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverb forms The happiness is what I am The happy is what I am
seeking. seeking.
The shop assistant could The shop assistance could
not help much. not help much.
The difference between the The different between the
two products is not much. two products is not much.
Exercise
Write the correct words in the spaces provided.
Mrs Lee has an eight-years-old daughter.
I have just returned from a ten months holidays.
Outside the corridor, I took a deep breathe in.
They were boring by the film which they saw many times.
We had a very frightened experience in my school.
In spite of his injured, he decided to take part in that competition.
Choice, of words The teacher advises them to behave. The teacher advices them to
Please lend your book to me. j behave.
The principal is very strict. Please borrow your book to
| me.
The principle is very strict.
Exercise
Write the correct words in the spaces provided._____
Please do not lift the classroom until you complete your examination._____
The shop assistance was kind and I was able to buy what I wanted._____
Respect for one’s elders is very importance in Asian society._____
I ought to advice him to be good and courteous when he visits his grandparents._____
The clean in the room must be maintained at all times._____
She went home because her stomach was hurt._____
She was happy to receive male from home._____
We seen all five of children at the park._____
I like this dress better then that one._____
Its getting late, I must go home now._____
Their going to Hawaii on their honeymoon._____
The village was badly effected by the flood._____
Exercise
Write the correct words in the spaces provided.
These cattle is hers._____
I don’t have some money with me now but I will get it for you from my house._____
She is tallest of the two girls chosen for the competition._____
Between Sally and Sofea, I like Sally best._____ (most)
Neither the father or the son is contented with the present situation._____ (nor)
Neither Samuel nor the boys likes to play football._____ (like)
“Its time to take a break and come back in ten minute’s time,” said the
principal.____ (It's)
Harry is the fatter and taller of the three boys in class 5B._____ (fattest, tallest)
The table is very heavy for Lisa to carry into her room._____
You can find the toys in the children department there._____
Evelyn practiced the piano; however her brother practiced the violin._____
Only a little children turned up for the party, so there were a lot of food
leftover._____
1. This VS These
That VS Those
e.g.:
Answers
e.g.:
Answers
2. The kids started play football since they were four. playing
3. Most of the lecturers drive back home after they finish work. working
5. The players enjoyed play the friendly match with the players from another state. playing
3. Preposition
in VS at VS on
TIME
PLACE
at – specific address
on – name of streets
e.g.:
Answers
2. In Thursday, we will have a surprise party for the new president of Rotary Club. On
her/his/its/my/their/our + something/someone
My Saya punya
e.g.:
Answers
1. Bryan has three sisters, her eldest sister is working as a nurse now. his
3. Those skirts are the girls’. The dresses are also hers. theirs
4. I have a dog named Lily. Last month, I took her dog to the vet. my
5. Children like to eat fast food. However, as adults, we need to make sure they diet is balanced. their
7. Conjunction
or VS and VS but
Meanings:
or – atau
and – dan
but – tetapi
e.g.:
Answers
1. The library is giving out free reference books, dictionaries, or novels. and
2. The train is supposed to stop and the brake is broken and the passengers are in danger now. but
3. You can either stay negative for the rest of the week and do something to change what you are feeling
or
now.
4. In 2015, four firemen: Sean, Jackson, Billy, or Philip had helped rescue 30 people who were trapped in
and
a fire in New York.
8. it’s VS its
he’s Vs his
there VS their
then VS than
These words are always paired together in PT3 questions, as they sound very similar.
Often,
Meanings:
e.g.:
Answers
1. He should not have parked he’s car near the tree. his
3. Many people are looking for a job now. They are sending there resumes to every company they can
their
find.
4. Most people are stronger then they think they are. They just have to believe in what they do. than
5. Now and than, we will organize a reunion for everyone from class 2013. then
6. We’d like to send some gifts to our teachers in school as they are having there teacher’s day
their
celebration there.