Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
"I always drink coffee", she said She said that she always drank coffee.
"Bill arrived on Saturday", he said. He said that Bill had arrived on Saturd
"I have been to Spain", he told me. He told me that he had been to Spain.
"I had just turned out the light," he explained. He explained that he had just turned
They complained, "We have been waiting for hours". They complained that they had been w
"We were living in Paris", they told me. They told me that they had been livin
She said, "I'll be using the car next Friday". She said that she would be using the
You do not need to change the tense if the reporting verb is in the present, or if the original
statement was about something that is still true, e.g.
He says he has missed the train but he'll catch the next one.
We explained that it is very difficult to find our house.
These modal verbs do not change in reported speech: might, could, would, should, ought to:
We explained, "It could be difficult to find our house." = We explained that it could be
difficult to find our house.
She said, "I might bring a friend to the party." = She said that she might bring a
friend to the party.
She says: "I like tuna fish." She says that she likes tuna fish.
She said: "I'm visiting Paris next She said that she was visiting Paris the
weekend" following weekend.
statements
A. Reporting Statements
pronouns
tense
place and time expression
1- Pronouns
In reported speech, you often have to change the pronoun depending on who says
what.
Example:
She says, “My dad likes roast chicken.” – She says that her dad likes roast chicken.
2- Tenses
Direct speech Reported speech
No backshift
Do not change the tense if the introductory clause is in a present tense (e. g. He
says). Note, however, that you might have to change the form of the present tense
verb (3rd person singular).
Example:
He says, “I write poems.” – He says that he writes English.
Backshift
You must change the tense if the introductory clause is in a past tense (e. g. He
said).
Example:
He said, “I am happy.” – He said that he was happy.
The modal verbs could, should, would, might, needn't, ought to, used to do not
normally change.
Example:
He said, "She might be right." – He said that she might be right.
Other modal verbs may change:
must "She must apply for the He said that she must/had to apply for
job." the job.
will "They will call you." He told her that they would call her.
Time Expressions
now then
Place
here there
Demonstratives
this that
these those
B. Reporting Questions
pronouns
tenses (backshift)
With question word (what, "Why" don’t you He asked me why I didn’t
why, where, how...) speak English?” speak English.
When transforming requests and commands, check whether you have to change:
pronouns
"Nancy, give me your pen, please." He asked Nancy to give him her pen.
Tenses are not relevant for requests – simply use to / not to + verb (infinitive without
"to")
Example:
D. Other transformations
Expressions of advice with must, should and ought are usually reported
using advise / urge.
Example:
"You must read this book."
He advised / urged me to read that book.
The expression let’s is usually reported using suggest. In this case, there are two
possibilities for reported speech: gerund or statement with should.
Example:
"Let’s go to the cinema."
1. He suggested going to the cinema.
2. He suggested that we should go to the cinema.
If two complete main clauses are connected with ‚and or ‚but, put ‚that after the conjunction.
Example:
He said,“I saw her but she didn't see me.“ – He said that he had seen her but that she hadn't
seen him.“
If the subject is dropped in the second main clause (the conjunction is followed by a verb), do
not use ‚that‘.
Example:
She said,“I am a nurse and work in a hospital.“ – He said that she was a nurse and worked in a
hospital.“
TRADUCCION
El dueño del auto le dijo a la policía que los ladrones llevaban una camiseta del equipo de
fútbol. Después de capturar a los sospechosos, llamaron al dueño del auto para identificar a
los ladrones.
Sin embargo, el propietario del automóvil dijo que había cometido un gran error porque el
automóvil no había sido robado; el carro había sido llevado por su esposa para ir a un
concierto porque su auto estaba roto.
Se ofreció una disculpa a los dos fanáticos del fútbol; Además, el dueño del auto se ofreció a
darles 5000 dólares para compensar su error. El dinero no fue aceptado. Los dos aficionados
al fútbol saldrán mañana por la mañana.
5. Responder
R//`No, the owner of the car said that he had made a huge mistake because the car hadn’t
been stolen.