Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
$11%DVHG0HWKRGRORJ\IRU'HWHUPLQDWLRQRI
'LVWULEXWLRQ7UDQVIRUPHU+HDOWK6WDWXV
*DMDQDQ&-DLVZDO 0DNDUDQG6XGKDNDU%DOODO
$GGLWLRQDO([HFXWLYH(QJLQHHU $VVRFLDWH3URIHVVRU6HQLRU0HPEHU,(((
0DKDUDVKWUD6WDWH(OHFWULFLW\'LVWULEXWLRQ&RPSDQ\ 'HSDUWPHQWRI(OHFWULFDO(QJLQHHULQJ
/LPLWHGDQGUHVHDUFKVFKRODU 9LVYHVYDUD\D1DWLRQDO,QVWLWXWHRI7HFKQRORJ\1DJSXU
6KUL5DPGHREDED&ROOHJHRI(QJLQHHULQJ ,QGLDPDNDUDQGEDOODO#\DKRRPDLOFRP
0DQDJHPHQW1DJSXU,QGLD
MDLVZDOJDMDQDQ#JPDLOFRP
'57XWDNQH
)RUPHU$VVRFLDWH3URIHVVRU
'HSDUWPHQWRI(OHFWULFDO(QJLQHHULQJ
6KUL5DPGHREDED&ROOHJHRI(QJLQHHULQJ
0DQDJHPHQW1DJSXU,QGLD
GKDQDQMD\GUW#UHGLIIPDLOFRP
Abstract— The objective of this research paper is to utilize RI WKH PRQLWRUV FKDUDFWHULVWLFV FDQ EH XVHG WR SUHGLFW WKH QHHG
artificial neural network for evaluation of the distribution IRU PDLQWHQDQFH EHIRUH VHULRXV GHWHULRUDWLRQ RU EUHDNGRZQ
transformer health status by utilizing real measurement from RFFXUVDQGRUWRHVWLPDWHWKHGLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHUV³KHDOWK´
working distribution transformers. The calculated health status is IURPUHPRWHHQG)DLOXUHRIWKHVHDVVHWVFDQRIWHQEHGLVDVWURXV
utilized for assessment of the distribution transformer health ZKLFK DIIHFWV GLUHFW DQG LQGLUHFW FRVWV IRU WKH LQGXVWULDO
condition. The author has utilized the real data collected from the FRPPHUFLDO DQG UHVLGHQWLDO VHFWRUV 7KLV UHVXOWV QHJDWLYH HIIHFW
field to find out the health status of distribution transformer. The RQ WKH VRFLDO OLIH RI HOHFWULFLW\ XVHUV 7KHUHIRUH FDUHIXO
real data for diagnostic tests is taken from power distribution PDQDJHPHQWRIWKLVW\SHRIDVVHWLVFULWLFDOGLVFXVVHGLQ>@DQG
utility in the Nagpur rural area. The diagnostic data are voltage,
>@ $UWLFOH >@ GHVFULEHV WKH GHIHFW VRXUFHV XVLQJ SKDVH
load current, transformer oil level and top oil temperature. The
training of the ANN has done by using real measurements of the
UHVROYHG SDUWLDO GLVFKDUJH SDWWHUQ 7KLV UHTXLUHV DQ
distribution transformers. The real data is utilized for testing of XQGHUVWDQGLQJRIWKHWUDLWVDVVRFLDWHGZLWKUHODWLRQVKLSEHWZHHQ
trained neural network performance for working distribution WKH REVHUYHG SDUWLDO GLVFKDUJH DFWLYLW\ DQG UHVSRQVLEOH GHIHFW
transformer. The performance evaluation is tested on specially VRXUFHV 7KH LPSRUWDQW IDFWRU WKDW DOORZV SRZHU XWLOLWLHV WR
designed 15 kVA, 400/400 V three phase distribution transformer HQKDQFH WKH SHUIRUPDQFH RI WKHLU WUDQVIRUPHUV LV NQRZOHGJH
in the laboratory which indicates that the trained neural network is DERXWWKHKHDOWKFRQGLWLRQRIDWUDQVIRUPHU7KLVLVLPSRUWDQWIRU
reliable for detecting the health status of any working distribution LPSURYLQJ UHOLDELOLW\ DQG DVVLVWLQJ IRU GHWHUPLQDWLRQ RI
transformer. DSSURSULDWH DVVHW PDQDJHPHQW GHFLVLRQV VXFK DV WKH
LGHQWLILFDWLRQ RI WUDQVIRUPHUV WKDW FDQ EHQHILWV IURP OLIH
Keywords—Artificial neural network; On-line condition monitoring H[WHQVLRQPHDVXUHVDQGWKRVHWKDWQHHGLPPHGLDWHUHSODFHPHQW
system; Distribution transformer; Health status. LVGLVFXVVHGLQ>@
$UWLFOH>@LVGHVFULEHGWKHPRQLWRULQJPHWKRGEDVHGRQWKH
, ,1752'8&7,21
QHXUDOQHWZRUNDQDO\VLV7KHVHPHWKRGVDUHXVHGIRUFDOFXODWLRQ
,Q DOPRVW HYHU\ SODFH ZKHUH SHRSOH OLYH DQG ZRUN ZH ZLOO RIWRSRLODQGKRWVSRWWHPSHUDWXUHDVZHOODVWKHORVVRIOLIHRID
ILQG DW OHDVW RQH GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU 'LVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU 'HYHORSHG DOJRULWKPV KDYH EHHQ XVHG WR HYDOXDWH
WUDQVIRUPHU LV D VWDWLF SLHFH RI HTXLSPHQW ZLWK D FRPSOLFDWHG WKH FRQGLWLRQ RI SRZHU WUDQVIRUPHU 7KH WHVWV KDYH EHHQ
HOHFWURPDJQHWLF FLUFXLW LQVLGH +RZHYHU GLVWULEXWLRQ FRQGXFWHGRQFROOHFWHGVDPSOHVDQGFRQGLWLRQRIWUDQVIRUPHULV
WUDQVIRUPHUV DUH OHVV H[SHQVLYH FRPSDUHG ZLWK SRZHU HYDOXDWHGXVLQJGHYHORSHGIX]]\ORJLFDOJRULWKPWKHQREWDLQHG
WUDQVIRUPHU DQG RQH RI WKH PRVW LPSRUWDQW XQLWV LQ HYHU\ UHVXOWVKDYHEHHQFRPSDUHGZLWKZHOOHVWDEOLVKHG%'9WHVWRQ
SURGXFWLRQ SURFHVV ZLWKRXW WKHP WKH FRUH DFWLYLWLHV RI QHDUO\ WUDQVIRUPHU RLO IRU EUHDNGRZQ VWUHQJWK SUHVHQWHG LQ >@ 7KH
HYHU\ EXVLQHVV SRZHU XWLOLW\ DQG LQGXVWULHV ZRXOG FRPH WR D WHFKQLTXH RI FRQGLWLRQDO DQRPDO\ GHWHFWLRQ DQG LWV DSSOLFDWLRQ
VWDQGVWLOO ZLWK VHULRXV ILQDQFLDO FRQVHTXHQFHV 3RZHU XWLOLW\ WRWUDQVIRUPHUPRQLWRULQJGHVFULEHGLQ>@
FRPSDQLHV DUH YHU\ PXFK NHHQ WR FRQWURO DQG PRQLWRU WKH
FRQGLWLRQDQGVWDWXVRIDOOGLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHUVIOHHWVRWKH\ 7KH HYROXWLRQDU\ DOJRULWKP ZHUH XVHG WR GHWHUPLQH WKH
FDQLQWHUYHQHEHIRUHIDLOXUHRUPDOIXQFWLRQRILW GLODWLRQ DQG WUDQVODWLRQ SDUDPHWHUV DQG ZHLJKWLQJ YDOXHV RI
HYROYLQJZDYHOHWQHWZRUNVWRDFKLHYHDQDFFXUDWHGLDJQRVLVRI
&RQGLWLRQ PRQLWRULQJ FDQ EH GHILQHG DV D WHFKQLTXH RU D '*$PRGHOLVGLVFXVVHG LQ>@ 'LVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU ZLWK
SURFHVV RI PRQLWRULQJ WKH RSHUDWLQJ FKDUDFWHULVWLFV RI DQG ZLWKRXW FRQGLWLRQ PRQLWRULQJ LV DQDO\]HG LQ WHUPV RI
GLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHU LQVXFKDZD\WKDW FKDQJHVDQGWUHQGV ILQDQFLDO ORVV WR XWLOLW\ DV ZHOO DV FRQVXPHU HFRQRPLF OLIH
)LJ&DXVHVRI'LVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHUIDLOXUH )LJ)XQFWLRQDOEORFNGLDJUDPRI$11EDVHG2&06
134
Real time field data input YROWDJHHTXDWLRQLQWHUPVRIIUHTXHQF\f IOX[()DQGZLQGLQJ
WXUQVtLVJLYHQE\
v f I t
ANN based ANN based
condition problem
assessor classifier
/RDGLQJ 2YHUORDGLQJRIGLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHUUHVXOWVLQ
LQFUHDVH LQ FRSSHU ORVV UHGXFWLRQ LQ GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU
HIILFLHQF\ LQFUHDVH LQ KHDW DQG SRRU SRZHU IDFWRU RI WKH
FRQQHFWHG ORDG 7KH ORVVHV RI GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU DUH
Yes PDLQO\ ORDG ORVV DQG QRORDG ORVV 7KLV FDQ EH SUHVHQWHG E\
If both indicate
“Normal” XVLQJIROORZLQJH[SUHVVLRQ
L n R I n Le n Lc n Lsn
No
t
G I t G I t u G I t i H [ S GIti
Output Result W t
)LJ6\VWHPDUFKLWHFWXUH ZKHUH įt0u LV WKH XOWLPDWH WRS RLO WHPSHUDWXUH ULVH RYHU WKH
DPELHQWWHPSHUDWXUHIRUORDGLLQ϶CDQGįt0iLVWKHLQLWLDOWRS
Voltage RLOWHPSHUDWXUHULVHRYHUWKHDPELHQWWHPSHUDWXUHIRUW ϶&t
LVWKHGXUDWLRQRIORDGLQKRXUVIJtOLVWKHRLOWLPHFRQVWDQWRI'7
Load Health
current status
IRUDQ\ORDGLDQGDQ\VSHFLILFWHPSHUDWXUHGLIIHUHQFHEHWZHHQ
WKH XOWLPDWH WRS RLO WHPSHUDWXUH ULVH DQG LQLWLDO WRS RLO
Oil WHPSHUDWXUHULVH
level
Top oil
2LO OHYHO7KH RYHUDOO KHDOWK FRQGLWLRQ RI GLVWULEXWLRQ
temperature WUDQVIRUPHU LV GHSHQGV XSRQ WUDQVIRUPHU RLO TXDOLW\ DQG
TXDQWLW\ 7KH OHDNDJHV LQ RLO UHVXOWV LQ UHGXFWLRQ FRROLQJ
Output PHGLXP $V WKH RLO OHYHO UHGXFHV WRS RLO WHPSHUDWXUH RI
Input layer Hidden Hidden
Layer 1 Layer 2
layer GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU LQFUHDVHV DERYH DPELHQW WHPSHUDWXUH
‘Logsig’ ‘Purelin’ 7KH RLO OHYHO SURSHU PDLQWHQDQFH DQG LPSURYLQJ V\VWHP
)LJ$11VWUXFWXUH RSHUDWLRQDO HIILFLHQF\ RI GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU DUH QRUPDOO\
WKH PDMRU REMHFWLYH RI HOHFWULFLW\ GLVWULEXWLRQ XWLOLW\ 7KH
RXWSXWDVKHDOWKVWDWXVZLWKUDQJHIURP]HURWRRQH7KH]HUR PLQLPL]DWLRQRIRLOORVVHVRURLOOHDNDJHVLVRQHRIWKHREMHFWLYH
LQGLFDWHVSRRUKHDOWKVWDWXVRIGLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHUDQGJRRG IXQFWLRQRIWKHSURSRVHDSSURDFK
FRQGLWLRQRIGLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHULVUHSUHVHQWHGE\RQH7KH
QXPEHURIKLGGHQOD\HUVKDVEHHQIRXQGWZRZLWKIRXUQHXURQV I o il I o il M I o il L
LQWKHILUVWKLGGHQOD\HUDQGWZRQHXURQVLQWKHVHFRQGKLGGHQ
OD\HU ZKHUH oil LV WKH YROXPH RI RLO LQ OLWHUV LQ '7 oil-M LV WKH
PD[LPXPYROXPHRIRLODQG oil-LLVWKHRLOZDVWHGGXHWRRLO
B. Input Information OHDNDJHV 7KXV RLO OHDNDJHV UHVXOW LQ UHGXFWLRQ RI FRROLQJ
PHGLXP ZKLFK UHVXOW LQ WKH ULVH RI WRS RLO WHPSHUDWXUH
$QRQOLQHGDWDFRQVLVWVRIILYHPHDVXUDEOHSDUDPHWHUV7KH 7KHUHIRUHKHDWFRXOGEHH[SUHVVHGDV
LQIRUPDWLRQXVHGE\V\VWHPIRUPRQLWRULQJWKHKHDOWKVWDWXVRI
GLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHULQFOXGH h e a t D T f o il le v e l
9ROWDJH $V SHU VWDQGDUG WKH YDULDWLRQ LQ YROWDJH IRU 7KXV IURP DERYH WR WKH KHDOWK RI GLVWULEXWLRQ
GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU LV SHUPLVVLEOH XSWR 7KH RYHU WUDQVIRUPHU LV GHSHQG XSRQ VXSSO\ YROWDJH ORDG WRS RLO
YROWDJH FRQGLWLRQ UHVXOWV LQ LQFUHDVH LQ ORVVHV DQG KXPPLQJ WHPSHUDWXUHDQGRLOOHYHO7KHH[SHULPHQWDOVWXG\LVFDUULHGLQ
QRLVH ZKLOH WKH XQGHU YROWDJH FRQGLWLRQ UHVXOWV LQ UHGXFWLRQ LQ QH[WVHFWLRQ
SRZHU IDFWRU DQG GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU HIILFLHQF\ 7KH
135
,,, (;3(5,0(17$/5(68/76$1'',6&866,21
7KHN9$9WKUHHSKDVHGLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHU
LVFRQVWUXFWHGIRUWHVWLQJWKLVV\VWHP6SHFLDODUUDQJHPHQWVKDYH
EHHQ PDGH IRU LQFRUSRUDWLQJ DOO VHQVRUV DQG WR FKDQJH WKH
LQWHUQDOFRQGLWLRQV$OOHOHFWULFDOSDUDPHWHUVFDQEHVHQVHGIURP
HQHUJ\PHWHUGDWDUHDGRXWZKLFKLVDVHULDOSRUWXVLQJ5V
$Q +3/ HQHUJ\ PHWHU LV XVHG IRU WKLV SXUSRVH /RDG FXUUHQW
YROWDJH SRZHU SRZHU IDFWRU DQG RWKHU WDPSHULQJ GDWD DUH
DYDLODEOH LQ HQHUJ\ PHWHU PHPRU\ ,W LV LQWHUIDFHG ZLWK 6%&
DQGFRPPXQLFDWHGWRWKHUHPRWHHQG7RSRLOWHPSHUDWXUHRIWKH
GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU WDQN LV VHQVHG ZLWK 37 W\SH
WHPSHUDWXUH VHQVRU 7KH RXWSXW RI WKH VHQVRU WKDW ZLOO EH D
YROWDJH LQ DFFRUGDQFH ZLWKWHPSHUDWXUH FDQ EH LQWHUIDFHG ZLWK
6%& DIWHU SDVVLQJ WKURXJK $'& ,WV $'&¶V DUH XVHG IRU
FRQYHUWLQJWKHDQDORJVLJQDORXWSXWRIVHQVRUVWRGLJLWDOYDOXHV
7KHQ VHULDO FRPPXQLFDWLRQ XVLQJ 5V SDVVHV WKLV GDWD WR
6%&ZKHQRLOOHYHOPRYHVXSDQGGRZQXOWUDVRQLFVLJQDOYDULHV
DQG WKHUHE\ UDVSEHUU\ SL SURFHVV WKH YDULDWLRQ LQ RLO OHYHO )LJ([SHULPHQWDOVHWXSRI2&06
,QWHUIDFLQJZLWK6%&LVVDPHDVVKRZQIRUWHPSHUDWXUHVHQVRU
7KH $'& RI 0&3 LV XVHG KHUH IRU SHUIRUPLQJ WKH $11LVWUDLQHGE\XVLQJWKHWUDLQLQJVHWZKLFKLQFOXGH
UHTXLUHGRSHUDWLRQ7KHXOWUDVRQLFVHQVRULVXVHGIRUREVHUYDWLRQ QXPEHU RI GLIIHUHQW SDWWHUQ RI GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHUV ,W LV
RI RLO OHYHO YDULDWLRQ LQ WKH GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU WDQN 7KH XQGHUVWDQGIURP)LJWKHRXWSXWRI$11KDVEHHQYHU\QHDU
H[SHULPHQWDOVHWXSLVLOOXVWUDWHGLQ)LJ WR WKH RULJLQDO KHDOWK VWDWXV RI WUDLQLQJ VHW RI GLVWULEXWLRQ
WUDQVIRUPHUV 7KH WUDLQHG $11 KDV EHHQ WHVWHG E\ XVLQJ WKH
7KHGDWDFRQVLVWVRIGLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHUVHFRQGDU\VLGH WHVWLQJ VHW ZKLFK FRQWDLQV QXPEHU RI GLIIHUHQW SDWWHUQ RI
YROWDJH ORDG FXUUHQW ZKLFK LV REWDLQ E\ FRQQHFWLQJ HQHUJ\ GLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHUV
PHWHU DW ORZ YROWDJH VLGH RI GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU 7KH RLO
OHYHODQGWRSRLOWHPSHUDWXUHGDWDLVREWDLQHGE\SODFLQJWKHRLO 7KH)LJVKRZVWKHJLYHQKHDOWKVWDWXVRIWKHWHVWLQJVHW
OHYHO DQG WHPSHUDWXUH VHQVRU LQ WKH WDQN RI GLVWULEXWLRQ DQG WKH RXWSXW RI WKH $11 IRU WKH WHVWLQJ VHW RI IRXU LQSXW
WUDQVIRUPHU 7KH LQIRUPDWLRQ REWDLQHG IURP VHQVRU LV IHG WR FDVHV,WLVXQGHUVWDQGIURP)LJWKHHYDOXDWHGKHDOWKLQGLFHV
6%&DQGSURSRVHG$11EDVHG2&06DOJRULWKPSURFHVVHVWKLV IRUWHVWLQJVHWDUHQXPHULFDOO\QHDUWRWKHJLYHQKHDOWKLQGLFHV
RQOLQH GDWD DQG GHWHUPLQH WKH KHDOWK VWDWXV RI GLVWULEXWLRQ IRUWKHVDPHVHW7KH7DEOH,LQGLFDWHJLYHQKHDOWKLQGLFHVIRU
WUDQVIRUPHU7KHDOJRULWKPDOVRGHWHFWWKHVWDWXVRIHYHU\VHQVRU WHVWLQJ VHW DQG WKH FRUUHVSRQGLQJ RXWSXW RI WKH $11 7KH
DQGLIDQ\GHIHFWIRXQGLQWKHSHUIRUPDQDQFHRIVHQVRUWKHGDWD GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU FRQGLWLRQ LV WKH SULPH DLP RI WKH
RIWKLVVHQVRUDUHEORFNHGDQGGHWHUPLQHWKHKHDOWKVWDWXVIURP LQYHVWLJDWLRQ ,Q WKLV UHJDUG WKH WUDLQHG $11 KDV EHHQ
WKHDYDLODEOHGDWDIURPKHDOWK\VHQVRUV7KHFRUUHFWDFWLRQOLNH FDWHJRUL]HWKHFRQGLWLRQVRIWKHGLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHUVZLWK
WULSRUDODUPFRPPDQGIRUWKHVDIHW\RIGLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHU H[WUHPHO\JRRGDFFXUDF\
LV LQLWLDWHG E\ DOJRULWKP 7KH GHFLVLRQ IRU WKHVH GLVWULEXWLRQ 7KHHVWLPDWHG DQGWDUJHWHGKHDOWKVWDWXVRIWKHWHVWLQJVHW
WUDQVIRUPHUV LQ WHUP RI KHDOWK VWDWXV DQG FRUUHFWLYH DFWLRQV RI GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHUV KDYH JLYHQ LQ 7DEOH , DUH
FRXOGEHVHQWWRFRQWUROURRPIRUFRQFHUQHGXWLOLW\HQJLQHHUVRU FRQYHUWHG LQWR KHDOWK FRQGLWLRQV JRRG PRGHUDWH DQG SRRU
DVVHW RZQHU ,W LQFOXGHV ERWK KDUGZDUH DQG VRIWZDUH DFFRUGLQJWRWKHDIRUHPHQWLRQHGFULWHULD7KHYDOXHDERYH
LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ7KHFRPPXQLFDWLRQEDVHGRQ*60RU*356 VKRZV JRRG FRQGLWLRQ WKH YDOXH EHWZHHQ WR VKRZV
,Q WKH SURSRVHG PRGHO GLIIHUHQW SDUDPHWHUV OLNH YROWDJH PRGHUDWH FRQGLWLRQ DQG WKH YDOXH EHORZ VKRZV WKH SRRU
ORDGFXUUHQWWRSRLOWHPSHUDWXUHDQGRLOOHYHOWKDWGLUHFWO\DFWV FRQGLWLRQ RI KHDOWK RI GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU :KHQ DOO WKH
DV KHDOWK PRQLWRU DUH LQFRUSRUDWHG 7KH PRQLWRULQJ V\VWHP LV IRXULQSXWSDUDPHWHUVDUHZLWKLQWKHLUGHILQHGOLPLWVWKHKHDOWK
H[SODLQHG E\ JRLQJ WKURXJK GLIIHUHQW DVSHFWV OLNH GDWD RI GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU LV WUHDWHG DV JRRG LI DQ\ RQH
DFTXLVLWLRQSURFHVVLQJFRPPXQLFDWLRQDQGWKHDSSOLFDWLRQV,I SDUDPHWHU GRHV QRW DSSHDUV LQ GHILQHG OLPLW WKH KHDOWK LV
DQ\RQHVHQVRUEHFRPHVIDXOW\DQGSURGXFHIDXOW\LQIRUPDWLRQWR WUHDWHG DV PRGHUDWH DQG LI PRUH WKDQ DQ\ WZR SDUDPHWHUV
2&06 WKH RXWSXW KHDOWK VWDWXV ZRXOG LQGLFDWH IDOVH UHVXOWV FURVVHVWKHLUOLPLWVWKHQWKHKHDOWKLVWUHDWHGDVSRRU7KH$11
7KLV SUREOHP LV RYHUFRPH LQ WKLV SDSHU E\ LGHQWLILFDWLRQ RI FODVVLILHU LV DEOH WR FODVVLI\ FRUUHFWO\ FDVHV RI WKH WHVW
IDXOW\VHQVRU7KHSURSRVHGDOJRULWKPWDNHVFDUHRIWKHVHLVVXHV FDVHV ZLWK DFFXUDF\RI 0RUHRYHUZLWK DTXLFN ORRN
DW7DEOH,LWLVREVHUYHGWKDWLQFDVHWKHHUURUREWDLQHGDUH
7KH FRPSDULVRQ EHWZHHQ JLYHQ KHDOWK LQGH[ IRU WKH PRUHDVFRPSDUHGWRUHPDLQLQJSDWWHUQ7KHUHIRUHWKLVSDWWHUQ
GLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHUHPSOR\HGLQWUDLQLQJRIWKH$11DQG FRXOG GLVFDUG 7KH JLYHQ KHDOWK VWDWXV FDVH RI IRXU LQSXW
$11 RXWSXW KHDOWK VWDWXV IRU WUDLQLQJ VHW RI IRXU LQSXW FDVHV GHPRQVWUDWH WKDW WKH GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU LV DW WKH HQG RI
DUHLVVKRZQLQ)LJ WKHSRRUFRQGLWLRQ]RQHDQGWKHFDOFXODWHGKHDOWKVWDWXVVKRZV
WKDW GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU LV LQ WKH EHJLQQLQJ RI PRGHUDWH
FRQGLWLRQ
136
7KH SURSRVHG V\VWHP LV VLPSOH DQG HFRQRPLFDO ZLWK XVH RI
Health status ORZFRVWWHFKQLTXHV,WLVH[HFXWHGZLWKWKHPHDVXUHPHQWVRIRQ
OLQHSDUDPHWHUVDQGVWRUHGKLVWRULFDOGDWD
7KHSURSRVHG$11EDVHG2&06KHOSVIRUWUDQVIRUPLQJWKH
PDLQWHQDQFHVWUDWHJ\IURPSUHYHQWLYHPDLQWHQDQFHWRSUHGLFWLYH
ANN output health status for the training set : PDLQWHQDQFH
Original health status for the training set :
7$%/(,
ANN output health status for the testing set : *LYHQKHDOWKVWDWXVIRUWHVWLQJVHWDQGWKHFRUUHVSRQGLQJRXWSXWKHDOWK
Original health status for the testing set : VWDWXVRI$11
'LIIHUHQW 7DUJHWHG $FWXDO$11RXWSXWKHDOWK
Number of different pattern QXPEHUV RXWSXWKHDOWK VWDWXV
RISDWWHUQ VWDWXV
)LJ7KHJLYHQKHDOWKVWDWXVIRUQXPEHURIGLIIHUHQWFRQGLWLRQXWLOL]HG
IRUWHVWLQJRI$11DQG$11RXWSXWKHDOWKVWDWXVIRUIRXULQSXWFDVHVIRUVDPH
WHVWLQJVHW
([SHULPHQWDOWHVWUHVXOWVSURYHWKDW$11EDVHG2&06FDQ
EH XVHG IRU PRQLWRULQJ WKH KHDOWK VWDWXV RI GLVWULEXWLRQ
WUDQVIRUPHU 'LIIHUHQW SDUDPHWHU YDULDWLRQV DUH GLVFXVVHG DQG
FRUUHVSRQGLQJ+6LVDOVRFDOFXODWHGXVLQJDOJRULWKPZULWWHQLQ
& ODQJXDJH 6R LW LV HYLGHQW WKDW WKLV V\VWHP LV HIILFLHQW LQ
GHWHUPLQLQJ WKH KHDOWK VWDWXV RI GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU
5HPRWH HQG HQJLQHHURSHUDWRU ZLOO EH DEOH WR PDNH D GHFLVLRQ
ZLWKRXWLQVSHFWLQJWKHGLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHUVLWH
7KH FRPSDUDWLYH DQDO\VLV RI KHDOWK VWDWXV LQGLFHV IRU IHZ
VDPSOHVGLIIHUHQWFDVHVRIGLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHUDUHVKRZQLQ
7DEOH,$FFRUGLQJWR7DEOH,RQO\RQHFDVHIRUIRXULQSXWIURP
WKHUHVXOWVRIWKHSURSRVHG$11EDVHG2&06PHWKRGDUHQRW
LGHQWLFDOWRWKRVHSURYLGHGE\06('&/ZKLFKPHDQVWKDWWKH
UHVXOWVRIWKHPHWKRGSUHVHQWHGDQGWKHUHVXOWVSURYLGHGE\WKH
06('&/DUHPDWFKHG
7KH$11DQGXWLOLW\06('&/UHVXOWDUHFRPDSUHGDQGLW
LVMXVWLILHGWKDWSURSRVHG$11EDVHG2&06LVYHU\HVVHQWLDOWR
SURYLGH VROXWLRQ IRU FRQWLQXRXV RQ OLQH PRQLWRULQJ RI
SDUDPHWHUV RI '7V 7KH XVH RI SURSVHG 2&06 LQ LQGXVWULDO
DFWLYLW\ DQG XWLOLW\ FDQ SURYLGH PRUH IDYRUDEOH UHVXOWV IRU
GHWHUPLQDWLRQ RI KHDOWK VWDWXV RI '7 LQ HDUO\ VWDJH ZKLFK
WKHUHE\ JLYHV LGHD IRU SUHYHQWLYH PDLQWHQDQFH $EQRUPDO
FKDQJH LQ IOX[ GHQVLW\ ZLQGLQJ FXUUHQW XQEDODQFH ORDG KRW
VSRWV XQEDODQFH YROWDJH IDXOWV OLNH LQWHUWXUQ IDXOWV ZHDN
LQVXODWLRQDUFLQJJURXQGIDXOWVDUHDOOWKHWLPHUHIOHFWHGLQIRXU
PHDVXUDEOH SDUDPHWHUV 7KHVH SDUDPHWHUV UHSUHVHQW WKH KHDOWK
RIGLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHUXQGHUSUHGHILQHGOLPLW
7KHRXWFRPHVRIWKHSURSRVHGZRUNDUHDVEHORZ
7KHSURSRVHGV\VWHPLVVWDEOHDXWKHQWLFDQGHIILFLHQWZKLFK
JLYHV VDWLVIDFWRU\ SHUIRUPDQFH ZKHQ DSSOLHG WR GLIIHUHQW W\SHV
RI GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU FRQILJXUDWLRQ LQ 06('&/ RU
LQGXVWULDODFWLYLW\
137
,9 &21&/86,21
7KLV SDSHU SURSRVHV RQOLQH FRQGLWLRQ PRQLWRULQJ V\VWHP
IRU KHDOWK VWDWXV DQG GLIIHUHQW KHDOWK UHODWHG SDUDPHWHU
PRQLWRULQJ IURP UHPRWH HQG 7KH DQDO\WLFDO PHWKRG XVHG LV
EDVHG RQ KHDOWK LQGH[ ZKLFK LV IRXQG WR EH HIIHFWLYH IRU
WUDQVIRUPHU &RQGLWLRQ EDVHG PDLQWHQDQFH DQG FRQWURO RI
GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHUV LV DFKLHYHG WKURXJK WKLV ZRUN $
VSHFLDON9$9WKUHHSKDVHGLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHU
LV FRQVLGHUHG IRU DQDO\]LQJ WKH SHUIRUPDQFH %\ WKHVH
WHFKQLTXHVLWLVSRVVLEOHWRDQDO\]HWKHFRQGLWLRQRIRLOOHYHORLO
WHPSHUDWXUHYROWDJHDQGORDGFXUUHQWRI'77KHUHVXOWVRIWKLV
ZRUN SURYLGHV SUDFWLFDO XVHIXOQHVV RI SURSRVHG 2&06 IRU
LQGXVWULHV DQG XWLOLWLHV ([SHULPHQWDO WHVW UHVXOWV VKRZ WKH
HIIHFWLYHQHVV RI SURSRVHG V\VWHP 7KH UHVXOWV REWDLQHG DUH
YDOLGDWHGIRUGLIIHUHQWUDWLQJVRI'7VLQVWDOOHGLQ06('&/
7KHGHYHORSHGQHZV\VWHPWHVWHGDQGFRPSDUHZLWKDFWXDO
GDWD 7KH SURSRVHG V\VWHP LV EHQHILFLDO IRU PRQLWRULQJ WKH
LQWHUQDOFRQGLWLRQRIGLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHUV,WLVDFRPSOHWHO\
RQOLQH V\VWHP ZKHUH WKH SDUDPHWHU YDULDWLRQV ZKLFK DIIHFW WKH
KHDOWKRIGLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHUDUHPRQLWRUHG7KHUHIRUHWKH
GHYHORSHG V\VWHP GHVFULEHG LQ WKLV SDSHU LV FRQYHQLHQW DQG
XVHIXOIRUSUHGLFWLYHPDLQWHQDQFHRIGLVWULEXWLRQWUDQVIRUPHU
5()(5(1&(6
>@ 0:DQJ$-9DQGHUPDDUDQG.'6ULYDVWDY³5HYLHZRI&RQGLWLRQ
$VVHVVPHQW RI 3RZHU 7UDQVIRUPHUV LQ 6HUYLFH´ ,((( (OHFW ,QVXO
0DJ9RO1RSS1RY'HF
>@ $ ( % $EX(ODQLHQ DQG 0 0 $ 6DODPD ³$VVHW PDQDJHPHQW
WHFKQLTXHVIRUWUDQVIRUPHUV´(OHFW3RZHU6\VW5HV-9RO1R
SS$SU
>@ 606WUDFKDQ65XGG6'-0F$UWKXU0'-XGG60HLMHUDQG
(*XOVNL³.QRZOHGJH%DVHG'LDJQRVLVRI3DUWLDO'LVFKDUJHVLQ3RZHU
7UDQVIRUPHUV´ ,((( 7UDQVDFWLRQV RQ 'LHOHFWULFV DQG (OHFWULFDO
,QVXODWLRQ9RO1RSS)HEUXDU\
>@ ' +XJKHV ³&RQGLWLRQ %DVHG 5LVN 0DQDJHPHQW &%50 (QDEOLQJ
$VVHW &RQGLWLRQ ,QIRUPDWLRQ WR EH &HQWUDO WR &RUSRUDWH 'HFLVLRQ
0DNLQJ´ 3UHVHQWHG DW WKH WK ,QW &RQI ([KLELW (OHFW 'LVWULE 7XULQ
,WDO\0DU
>@ -RXQL . 3\OYDQDLQHQ .LUVL 1RXVLDLQHQ DQG 3HNND 9HUKR ³6WXGLHV WR
8WLOL]H /RDGLQJ *XLGHV DQG $11 IRU 2LO,PPHUVHG 'LVWULEXWLRQ
7UDQVIRUPHU &RQGLWLRQ 0RQLWRULQJ´ ,((( 7UDQVDFWLRQ RQ 3RZHU
'HOLYHU\9RO1RSS-DQXDU\
>@ $QLO .XPDU .RUL $ . 6KDUPD $ . 6 %KDGRUL\D ³1HXUR )X]]\
6\VWHP %DVHG &RQGLWLRQ 0RQLWRULQJ RI 3RZHU 7UDQVIRUPHU´ ,-&6,
,QWHUQDWLRQDO-RXUQDORI&RPSXWHU6FLHQFH,VVXHV9RO,VVXH1R
0DUFK
>@ 9LFWRULD 0 &DWWHUVRQ 6WHSKHQ ' - 0F$UWKXU DQG *UDKDP 0RVV
³2QOLQH &RQGLWLRQDO $QRPDO\ 'HWHFWLRQ LQ 0XOWLYDULDWH 'DWD IRU
7UDQVIRUPHU 0RQLWRULQJ´ ,((( 7UDQVDFWLRQ RQ 3RZHU 'HOLYHU\ 9RO
1RSS2FWREHU
>@ <DQQ&KDQJ +XDQJ DQG &KDR0LQJ +XDQJ ³(YROYLQJ :DYHOHW
1HWZRUNV IRU 3RZHU 7UDQVIRUPLQJ &RQGLWLRQ 0RQLWRULQJ´ ,(((
7UDQVDFWLRQV RQ 3RZHU 'HOLYHU\ 9RO 1R SS $SULO
>@ $ $YLQDVK 1HOVRQ *DMDQDQ & -DLVZDO 0DNDUDQG 6 %DOODO
³(FRQRPLFDO DVSHFWV RI UHPRWH FRQGLWLRQ PRQLWRULQJ V\VWHP IRU
GLVWULEXWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU´ 3RZHU $XWRPDWLRQ DQG &RPPXQLFDWLRQ
,13$&,QWHUQDWLRQDOFRQIHUHQFHSS2FW
>@ $ $YLQDVK 1HOVRQ *DMDQDQ & -DLVZDO 0DNDUDQG 6 %DOODO '5
7XWDNQH ³5HPRWH FRQGLWLRQ PRQLWRULQJ V\VWHP IRU GLVWULEXWLRQ
WUDQVIRUPHU´ 3RZHU 6\VWHP &RQIHUHQFH 136& SS 'HF
138