1. An aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide contains 20% NaOH by mass.

It is desired to
produce an 8% NaOH solution by diluting a stream of the 20% solution with a stream of
pure water, (a) calculate the ratios (g H20/g feed solution) and (g product solution/s feed
solution), (b) determine the feed rate of 20% solution and diluting water needed to
produce 2310 lb/min of the 8% solution.
Given:
B
H2O

F P = 2310 lb/min
0.2 NaOH 0.08 NaOH

Required: a) g H2O/g feed, g P/g F b) F, B

Solution:
TMB: F + B = P = 2310
NaOH balance: 0.2F + 0 = 0.08 (2310)
F = 924 lb/min
B = 1386 lb/min

g H2O/g feed = 1386/924 = 1.5

g P/g F = 2310/924 = 2.5

2. Acrylonitrile is produced by the reaction of propylene, ammonia, and oxygen.

C3H6 + NH3 + 3/2 O2 → C3H3N + 3H2O
The feed contains 10% mole propylene, 12% ammonia, and 78% air. A fractional
conversion of 30% of the limiting reactant is achieved. Determine which reactant is
limiting, the percentage by which each of the other reactants is in excess, and the other
molar flow rates of all product gas constituents for a 30% conversion of the limiting
reactant, taking 100 mol of feed as a basis.

Given:
Basis: 100 mol feed

100 mol
0.1 mol C3H8
0.12 mol NH3
0.78 mol air
Required: limiting reactant, percentage excess, molar flowrates,

Solution:
3. The reactions
C2H6 → C2H4 + H2
C2H6 + H2 → 2CH4
take place in a continuous reactor at steady state. The feed contains 85% mole ethane and
the balance inerts. The fractional conversion of ethane is 0.501, and the fractional yield of
ethylene is 0.471. Calculate the molar composition of the product gas and the selectivity
of ethylene to methane production.
4. Thorium-234 is a radioactive isotope that decays at a rate proportional to the amount
present. Suppose that 1 gram of this material is reduced to 0.8 grams in one week.

Given:
m: 1 g to 0.8g
t=7d

Required: k

Solution:
N/NT = 𝑒 −𝑘𝑡 ; 0.8 = 𝑒 −𝑘(7𝑑)
k = 0.0319 disintegration/day