Reporting Category 3

Post-Classical Civilizations

Justinian
 Byzantine Emperor

 _____________________ of Roman Law

- Justinian ____________
- Basis for Western Legal systems
 Re-conquest of former Roman Territories

 Expansion of ____________________

- Constantinople’s location was at

the _____________ of trade routes

Byzantine Achievements

ART & ACHITECTURE BYZANTINE CULTURE

 Inspiration provided by Christian religion  Continued traditions of
and Imperial Power ____________________ culture

 ______________ (religious images)  Greek Language

 Mosaics in public & religious structures  Greek Orthodox Church

(pieces of colored tile or glass)
 _______________________ –Domed
Church in Constantinople

Greek & Roman Knowledge was preserved in

Byzantine Libraries
Division in the Christian Church

Roman Catholic Church Eastern Orthodox Church

 Centered in ________________
 Farther from the seat of power after
Constantinople became capital
 Use of _____________ in the Liturgy
 ________ was the Head of the Church
 No Emperor to answer to
 Centered in ____________________
 Close to the seat of power after
Constantinople became capital
 Use of ___________ in the liturgy
 __________________ was head of church
 Underneath the Emperor

 The ______________________ – Split in the Christian Church

 Authority of the _______________ was eventually accepted in the West

 Authority of the _______________ was accepted in the East

 Differences is Church Practices

 Celibacy

 Use of Icons

 Language

Byzantine Culture, Eastern Europe, & Russia

 Constantinople was located on the trade routes between the ______________ and
_______________ Seas
 Much of Eastern Europe, as well as Russia, adopted Eastern Orthodox Christianity

 _______________ adapted the Greek alphabet for the Slavic People (Cyrillic Alphabet)

 Influence on Church ___________________________ and religious art

Church Architecture

Byzantine Church Roman Catholic Church

Origins, Beliefs, Customs, & Spread of Islam

 Muhammad, the ___________________

 Mecca & Median – Early Muslim cities on the _________________________ peninsula

 Islam spread across Asia and Africa, and into Spain

 Monotheistic – Allah (Arabic word for God)

 Qu’ran (Koran) – The word of God (Holy Book)

 Five _______________ of Islam – Basis of Beliefs

 Acceptance of Judeo-Christian prophets, including Abraham, Moses, and Jesus

Historical Turning Points in Islam
 The death of Muhammad led to a ______________ in the Islamic Faith
 Sunni – Shi’a division
 Muslim conquests of _______________________
 Christian attempts to recapture Jerusalem - Crusades
 Umayyad Dynasty moved the Muslim capital to ______________________
 __________________ Dynasty moved the Muslim capital to Baghdad
 Muslims defeated by Charles Martel (Franks) at the ______________________________
 End of Muslim Expansion into Western Europe
 Fall of Baghdad to the _____________________
 End of Muslim Empire

Cultural Contributions of Muslim Empire

 ____________________ (The Dome of the Rock)

 Mosaics

 _________________ Alphabet

 _________________________

 Translation of Ancient texts into Arabic

Scientific Contributions of the Muslim World

 Arabic Numerals
- Adapted from ______________

- Included Zero
 __________________
 Medicine
 Expansion of __________________ Knowledge
Foundations of Early Medieval Society
 Classical Heritage of _____________

 ___________________ Beliefs

 Customs of __________________ tribes

 Influence of the Roman Catholic Church

 __________________ authority declined, while Church authority grew

 Monasteries preserved Greco-Roman cultural achievements

 Missionaries carried Christianity & Latin alphabet to Germanic Tribes

 Pope anointed ________________________ “Holy Roman Emperor” in 800 A.D.

 Parish Priest served the social and religious needs of the people

Age of Charlemagne
 ________________ emerged as a Western European force

 The Pope crowned the Emperor in 800 A.D.

 The church’s power was established in ______________________

 Roman culture was reinterpreted

 Most of Western Europe was a part of this new Empire

 Churches, Roads, and ____________________ were built to unite the Empire